Pressure drop calculation from Defecation to Secondary

Heaters
Parameters;
Length of pipe line (from defecation to secondary heater) = 47.5 m
Diameter of line = 0.25 m
Velocity from defecation tank to secondary heater inlet line, at flow rate 432 m^3/h = 2.8 m/s
Density of juice = 1050 kg/m3
Pressure drop in juice line from defecation to secondary heaters with all bends
To check either flow is turbulent or laminar, we calculate Reynoldss number

Re = 896875>3000, so flow is turbulent.

To calculate pressure drop in juice line including bends and elbows, we use Darcy equation
[

][

F is resistance factor; calculate from Muddy chart (friction factor vs. roughness/diameter of line)

After conversion,

Pressure drop across Secondary Heaters

Parameters;
Length of tube = 4.65 m
Inside Diameter = 0.032 m
Outside Diameter = 0.041 m
Velocity = 2.134 m/s
Number of passes = 16
To check either flow is turbulent or laminar, we calculate reynolds number

Re = 82500>3000, so flow is turbulent.

For turbulent flow, pressure drop in juice heater can calculated from this equation

Where,

L = Total equivalent length = n (l+3D)

D = Inside Diameter of tube
= ratio of juice viscosity to water viscosity = 1.05
(

))

Pressure drop across one secondary heater = 2.68 kg/cm2

Pressure drop across two secondary heaters = 5.36 kg/cm2

Pressure drop in line from Secondary Heaters to flash tank of

Clarifiers
Parameters;
Length of pipe line (from defecation to secondary heater) = 78 m
Diameter of line = 0.25 m
Velocity of juice = 2.80 m/s
Density of juice = 1050 kg/m3
Pressure drop in line from secondary heaters to flash tank of Clarifier
To check either flow is turbulent or laminar, we calculate Reynoldss number

Re = 896875>3000, so flow is turbulent.

To calculate pressure drop in line including bends and elbows, we use Darcy equation
[

][

F is resistance factor; calculate from Muddy chart (friction factor vs. roughness/diameter of line)

After conversion,

Total pressure drop from defecation tank to flash tank of clarifier = (pressure drop in juice line
from defecation to secondary heater) + (pressure drop in secondary heaters) + (pressure drop in
juice line from secondary heater to flash tank of clarifier)
Total pressure drop from defecation tank to flash tank of clarifier = (0.2724) + (5.36) + (0.3513)