Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 9 views

    Hypothesis Testing: The Probability That The Difference Between The Mean Scores of The

    Uploaded by

    Nhadia Chan
    This document discusses hypothesis testing and significance levels. It explains that hypothesis testing determines how certain we need to be that the difference between groups is real, not just due to chance. The most common significance levels used are 0.05 and 0.01, which refer to the probability that an observed difference is due to chance. A significance level of 0.05 means a difference would be expected to occur by chance only 5 times in 100, while 0.01 means it would occur by chance only once in 100. Statistical tests are necessary to determine if an observed difference reaches the specified significance level and can be considered real rather than due to chance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content

    You might also like

    Hypothesis Testing: The Probability That The Difference Between The Mean Scores of The

    Uploaded by

    Nhadia Chan
    9 views1 page
    This document discusses hypothesis testing and significance levels. It explains that hypothesis testing determines how certain we need to be that the difference between groups is real, not just due to chance. The most common significance levels used are 0.05 and 0.01, which refer to the probability that an observed difference is due to chance. A significance level of 0.05 means a difference would be expected to occur by chance only 5 times in 100, while 0.01 means it would occur by chance only once in 100. Statistical tests are necessary to determine if an observed difference reaches the specified significance level and can be considered real rather than due to chance.

    Original Description:

    english

    Original Title

    1dd

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    This document discusses hypothesis testing and significance levels. It explains that hypothesis testing determines how certain we need to be that the difference between groups is real, not just due to chance. The most common significance levels used are 0.05 and 0.01, which refer to the probability that an observed difference is due to chance. A significance level of 0.05 means a difference would be expected to occur by chance only 5 times in 100, while 0.01 means it would occur by chance only once in 100. Statistical tests are necessary to determine if an observed difference reaches the specified significance level and can be considered real rather than due to chance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    9 views1 page

    Hypothesis Testing: The Probability That The Difference Between The Mean Scores of The

    Uploaded by

    Nhadia Chan
    This document discusses hypothesis testing and significance levels. It explains that hypothesis testing determines how certain we need to be that the difference between groups is real, not just due to chance. The most common significance levels used are 0.05 and 0.01, which refer to the probability that an observed difference is due to chance. A significance level of 0.05 means a difference would be expected to occur by chance only 5 times in 100, while 0.01 means it would occur by chance only once in 100. Statistical tests are necessary to determine if an observed difference reaches the specified significance level and can be considered real rather than due to chance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as rtf, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Hypothesis Testing

    How certain do we have to be before we will


    say that the obtained difference between groups
    is real? The most common practice is to state a
    significance level that must be reached. A
    significance level is a statement of the probability
    Significance
    level that an observed difference is a chance
    The probability that the difference difference. The most commonly used significance
    between the mean scores of the levels are .05 and .01. If you decide, before
    calculating your statistical tests, that the .05
    significance level is to be used, this means that
    you will accept as a real difference only one that
    is so large that it could have occurred by chance
    only 5 times in 100. If the .01 significance level is
    selected, then the difference can be expected
    to occur onl y 1 time in 100 by chance.

    The foregoing should give some appreciation


    of the necessity of performing statistical tests on
    the data. If the statistical tests reveal that a
    significant difference (one that has reach.. ed
    the specified significance level) exists between
    the scores of the various groups, then the
    scientific hypothesis is accepted as real. If the
    obtained difference does not reach the specified
    significance level, then the experimenter fails to
    reject the null hypothesis. The expression fails
    to reject is used because it is very difficult to
    obtain evidence supportive of a null or nodifference conclusion. At first glance, it seems
    that if the null hypothesis cannot be rejected, it
    should logically be accepted. To see why the
    null hypothesis cannot be accepted if the
    significance level is not attained, consider the
    following experiment. Nation, Bourgeois, Clark,
    and Hare (1983) studied the effects of chronic
    cobalt exposure on the behavior of adult rats. The
    experimental group of rats was fed laboratory
    chow laced with cobalt chloride, and their leverpressing speed was compared with that of a
    control group cf rats who were fed standard
    laboratory chow. The results of cne component of
    this study revealed that there was not A
    significant difference between lever-pressing
    responses of the control and experimental

    You might also like