For CT accuracy and performance, flashing may not be a desirable test to perform

because a condition of residual magnetism in the CT core can result. In theory, a possible
consequence could be an improper relay operation due to CT saturation upon initial
energization. If possible, demagnetizing the core is advisable after a DC flash test using
high current. Residual flux is removed by gradually applying AC test current (excitation
current) to the high-current primary, or AC test voltage to the low-current secondary
(excitation voltage), and forcing the CT just into saturation with the secondary open
circuited. After slowly reducing the AC quantity from saturation point to zero, residual
flux will be removed from the core (it will be demagnetized).

8.6

BUSHING POWER FACTORING (AC Hi-Potential Insulation Testing)

All bushings should be power factored before they are inserted into the transformer. If a
Power Factor set is not available when a new transformer is being assembled, a
capacitance bridge should, at the very least, be used to measure the bushing tap
capacitance values. Measure the values for both C1 and C2 (especially if they are
specified on the bushing nameplate). A proper capacitance test could indicate whether a
serious internal problem with a bushing exists prior to insertion and whether a power
factor test would be advisable.
Megger the bushing and its tap at 2500 volts if no Power Factor set is available.
CAUTION!
Check the bushing tap insulation rating before applying 2500 volts; small bushings may
be able to withstand no more than 500 or 1000 volts at the tap.

8.7 TRANSFORMER POWER FACTORING (AC Hi-Potential Insulation

Testing)
The transformer itself should be power factored soon after the drying process is complete
and the tank is filled with oil. All bushings should again be power factored at this time
because their readings will change slightly after assembly. A complete set of Power
Factor data should include winding-to-winding, winding-to-ground, and bushing tests. If
a 10-kV power factor set is available, a Winding Excitation test should be performed. A
Winding Excitation test on very large transformers may not be possible due to
insufficient capacity of the Power Factor set for supplying required excitation current.
8.8

SINGLE-PHASE VOLTAGE RATIO, POLARITY and IMPEDANCE

MEASUREMENTS

Ratio, polarity, and impedance measurements are compared with nameplate data to verify
their correctness and to ensure that there is no hidden shipping damage, that the