VASAVI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, IBRAHIMBAGH, HYDERABAD

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Subject: BIT 304 Database Systems III Year B.E. IT Academic Year 2011-12 Sem-1
Instructor: S. Aruna, Associate Professor, IT Department, Cont No: 040-23146052. Room No.: R-107
Lectures: 4 Periods per week
Venue: R-307
Tuesday: 10:00 to 11:40 (2)
Thursday: 11.40 to 12.30
Friday: 11.40 to 12.30
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Handout Database systems

UNIT-I
This unit consists of Database Management System, DBMS Functions, Data Model, Schema, Data
Independence, E-R Model.
Database Management System: A computerized record-keeping systems unit

Goals of a Database Management System:

To provide an efficient as well as a convenient environment for accessing data in a
database
Enforce information security: database security, concurrency control, crash recovery
DBMS Functions
Data Definition
Data Manipulation
Data Security and Integrity
Data Recovery and Concurrency
Data Dictionary
Performance
Data Model
A set of concepts describing the structure of a database
By structure, we mean the data types, relationships, and constraints that should hold for the
data
Schema
Schema: Description of data in terms of a data model
Three-level DB Architecture defines following schemas:
External Schema (or sub-schema)
Written using external DDL
Conceptual Schema (or schema)
Written using conceptual DDL
Internal Schema
Written using internal DDL or storage structure definition
Data Independence
Change the schema at one level of a database system without a need to change the schema at
the next higher level
Key
Super Key
Candidate Keys
Primary Key
Alternate Key
Secondary Keys
E-R Model
Entity
is anything that exists and is distinguishable
Entity Set
a group of similar entities
Attribute
properties that describe an entity
Relationship
an association between entities