Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 17 views

    W005 S001 Virology

    Uploaded by

    Amit Kumar
    Viruses must attach to host cells in order to infect them. They do so by binding to specific receptor molecules on the surface of cells. The initial attachment is random, driven by Brownian motion and diffusion. Viruses then bind to receptor molecules to initiate infection. Different viruses can use the same receptor. Influenza virus attaches to sialic acid receptors, with human strains preferring α(2,6) receptors and avian strains preferring α(2,3) receptors. HIV attaches via its envelope protein binding to CD4 receptors on host cells, followed by binding to a co-receptor. Cellular receptors are essential for virus infection except in plants and yeasts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content

    You might also like

    W005 S001 Virology

    Uploaded by

    Amit Kumar
    17 views14 pages
    Viruses must attach to host cells in order to infect them. They do so by binding to specific receptor molecules on the surface of cells. The initial attachment is random, driven by Brownian motion and diffusion. Viruses then bind to receptor molecules to initiate infection. Different viruses can use the same receptor. Influenza virus attaches to sialic acid receptors, with human strains preferring α(2,6) receptors and avian strains preferring α(2,3) receptors. HIV attaches via its envelope protein binding to CD4 receptors on host cells, followed by binding to a co-receptor. Cellular receptors are essential for virus infection except in plants and yeasts.

    Original Description:

    Virology

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    Viruses must attach to host cells in order to infect them. They do so by binding to specific receptor molecules on the surface of cells. The initial attachment is random, driven by Brownian motion and diffusion. Viruses then bind to receptor molecules to initiate infection. Different viruses can use the same receptor. Influenza virus attaches to sialic acid receptors, with human strains preferring α(2,6) receptors and avian strains preferring α(2,3) receptors. HIV attaches via its envelope protein binding to CD4 receptors on host cells, followed by binding to a co-receptor. Cellular receptors are essential for virus infection except in plants and yeasts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views14 pages

    W005 S001 Virology

    Uploaded by

    Amit Kumar
    Viruses must attach to host cells in order to infect them. They do so by binding to specific receptor molecules on the surface of cells. The initial attachment is random, driven by Brownian motion and diffusion. Viruses then bind to receptor molecules to initiate infection. Different viruses can use the same receptor. Influenza virus attaches to sialic acid receptors, with human strains preferring α(2,6) receptors and avian strains preferring α(2,3) receptors. HIV attaches via its envelope protein binding to CD4 receptors on host cells, followed by binding to a co-receptor. Cellular receptors are essential for virus infection except in plants and yeasts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 14

    A"achment

    to cells
    Week 5, Session 1
    Virology I: How viruses work
    Prof. V. Racaniello

    Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites

    Virions too large to diuse across plasma membrane


    The virion is metastable

    Ini6a6on of infec6on: Collision of virions and cells

    IniGal collisions are governed by chance

    Virions are inanimate: no powers of locomoGon

    Driven by Brownian moGon, laws of diusion, electrostaGcs

    Virions may bind anything, including cells, junk, debris

    Finding the right cell

    Step 1: adhere to cell surface (electrostaGcs)

    Step 2: ARach to specic receptor molecules on cell


    surface

    No specicity

    More than one receptor may be involved

    Step 3: Transfer genome inside the cell

    Cellular receptors for viruses

    EssenGal for all viruses except those of yeasts (no


    extracellular phases) and plants (enter cells by
    mechanical damage)

    Receptors and co-receptors

    Progress sGmulated by mAbs, molecular cloning,


    DNA-mediated transformaGon

    1985: one receptor known, sialic acid for inuenza


    virus

    Picornavirus receptors

    2009 ASM Press

    Dierent viruses can bind the same receptor

    Adenovirus and Coxsackievirus B3 have a common


    primary receptor

    The swine herpesvirus, pseudorabies virus, binds the


    same receptor as human poliovirus

    Viruses of the same family may bind dierent


    receptors: rhinoviruses (3), retroviruses (16)

    2009 ASM Press

    Inuenza virus a"achment to cells

    2009 ASM Press

    Sialic acid: receptor for inuenza viruses

    sialic acids: N-acetylneuraminic acid (A,B); 9-O-acetyl-


    N-neuraminic acid (C)

    (2,3) shown; also (2,6)


    (2,6) preferenGally used by human strains, (2,3) by
    avian
    2009 ASM Press

    Monomer of inuenza HA
    protein
    Details of receptor binding site

    2009 ASM Press

    HIV a"achment

    HIV-1 virion

    CD4 receptor

    Co-receptor

    2009 ASM Press

    Images from Principles of Virology


    2009 American Society for Microbiology
    Are used with permission
    No further reproducGon or distribuGon is permiRed
    without the prior wriRen permission of the
    American Society for Microbiology

    You might also like