Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Blood Borne Pathogenesis
Blood Borne Pathogenesis
Communications Training
Bloodborne Diseases
OSHA requires special training for employees that are
potentially exposed to bloodborne pathogens.
OSHA also requires that employees be trained on
the proper use of personal protective equipment
(PPE) so they are able to protect themselves during
at-risk procedures. Once training has been
performed and protective equipment is provided
to the employee, they are responsible for
protecting themselves from exposure
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Bloodborne Diseases
Bloodborne pathogens are microorganisms such as viruses or
bacteria that are carried in blood and can cause disease in people.
There are many different bloodborne pathogens including malaria,
syphilis, and brucellosis, but Hepatitis B (HBV), and the Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are the diseases specifically
addressed by the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard and
covered in this training module.
Modes of Transmission
Modes of Transmission
Bloodborne Pathogens can be transmitted through open sores, cuts, and other
skin damages.
Bloodborne pathogens may also be transmitted through the mucous membranes
of the:
Eyes
Nose
Mouth
For example, a splash of contaminated blood to your eye, nose, or mouth could
result in transmission.
Modes of Transmission
Potential Risk Within the Clinical Setting
Modes of Transmission
Potential Risk Clinic and General Population Settings:
Sexual Contact
Sharing of hypodermic needles
From mothers to their babies at/before birth
Accidental puncture from contaminated needles, broken glass, or
other sharps
Contact between broken or damaged skin and infected body
fluids
Contact between mucous membranes and infected body fluids
Hepatitis B (HBV)
"Hepatitis" means "inflammation of the liver,"
and, as its name implies, Hepatitis B is a
virus that infects the liver. While there are
several different types of Hepatitis, Hepatitis
B is transmitted primarily through "blood to
blood" contact. Hepatitis B initially causes
inflammation of the liver, but it can lead to
more serious conditions such as cirrhosis and
liver cancer.
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Hepatitis B (HBV)
There is no "cure" or specific treatment for HBV, but
many people who contract the disease will develop
antibodies which help them get over the infection
and protect them from getting it again. It is important
to note, however, that there are different kinds of
hepatitis, so infection with HBV will not stop
someone from getting another type.
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Bloodborne Pathogens:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)
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ECP- Location
A copy of the OSHA bloodborne
pathogen standard can be found:
www.osha.gov
A copy of the OSHA bloodborne
pathogen standard can also be found
in the Infection Control Manual.
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The PHS Safety Committee will maintain, review and update the ECP at least
annually, and whenever necessary to include new or modified tasks or
procedures.
The Nurse Manager at each PHS clinical facility will be responsible for the
Exposure Control program at his/her center. The NM will maintain PHS-provided
personal protective equipment (PPE), engineering controls (e.g., sharps
containers), labels, and red bags as required by the standard.
The Nurse Manager at each PHS clinical facility will ensure that adequate
supplies of the aforementioned equipment are available in the appropriate sizes.
The Employee Health Provider at each PHS clinical facility will be responsible
for ensuring that all medical actions required are performed and that appropriate
employee health and OSHA records are maintained.
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Safety syringes
Safety devices
Sharps disposal containers
Needleless systems
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PPE
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Glove Usage
Gowns are worn to protect street clothing and to protect the arm and neck
areas from contamination. Gowns are changed daily or until they become
soiled or wet. Gowns and aprons are required only when splashes of body
fluids onto skin or clothing are reasonably likely to occur. Employees must
wear suitable protective clothing when splashing, misting or aerosolization
of blood or body fluids is possible.
Laboratory coats, if worn, are part of a uniform, and as such, are not
considered PPE.
SHOES
PHS recommends avoiding open-toed shoes in clinical/OPIM areas
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Resuscitation Equipment
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*Note: PHS has eliminated all mercury from any site. You should report
any if seen to your supervisor.
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utility gloves
paper towels
cat litter
scooper
*There is a separate special spill kit for Formalin clean-up used in the clinical
area.
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You will also be required to locate the following items at your site:
__Eye wash station
__Infection Control Manual
__MSDS Sheets (access MSDS On-line)
__Sharps Containers
__Biohazard Waste Storage
__PPE Storage
__Spill Kit
Thank you.
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