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1.

...................................................................................... 3
1.1.

...................................................................................................................... 4
1.1.1. .................................................................................... 5
1.2.
.................................. 7
1.3.
............................................ 9
1.3.1. ............................................................ 9
1.3.2. ........................................................................ 10
1.4.
..................................................................... 11
1.4.1. ................................................. 15
1.5.
....................................................... 18
1.5.1. ............................................................................... 20
1.5.2. ............................................................. 21
1.6.
...................................................................... 21
1.7.
..................................................... 30

2.

.................................................................................... 32
2.1.
................................................... 32
2.2.
............................................................................................................. 33
2.3.
................................................................................... 34
2.3.1. ................................................................................................. 34
2.3.2. ............................................................................................... 35
2.4.
................................................................................... 36

...................................................................................................................................... 37
........................................................................................................................................ 39
.1. .......................................................................................................................... 39
.2. - .............................................................................................. 41


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(: IPCC Fourh Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007) .
[1]

http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains1.html

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( 1.2.2). 2007 IPCC 4
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0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

1.4.2. (1990-2009) ( 2011).

25000

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10000

5000

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1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

1.4.3. (1990-2008) ( 2011).

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1990-2009.
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13

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1.4.1 1.4.3
2007 .

1.500
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MW

900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

1.4.4.: . ( 2009)

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18

, .

 , ( 2011).

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()
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19

1.5.1:


CO2
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1.5.1: (kWh/m .)
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2
(kWhth/m .)

1980 2001 2010 1980 2001 2010

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2
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20
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122
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1980 2001 2010 1980 2001 2010 1980 2001 2010 1980 2001 2010
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67
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20

1.5.1.

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2016.
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).
21

1.5.2.

 22,7 M (264 TWh) 2010 24,4 (284 TWh) 2016. ,

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1980,
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1.6.2. 2001.

22

[9]

[9]

(business as usual - BaU),

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[10]

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CO2 . ,
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1.6.1.
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[6,7,8]

(%)

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: 34-40% . 4% ...
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23

/, : 4-7% . 2%
...
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#7:

#8:

#9:

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#13:

#14: BMS

(%)

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3
kWh/m , 5 ACH 5 .
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.
/, , & :

.
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/: 20%
1980-2001 50% 20012010.
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.

24

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.

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..

..

(%)

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50% 2001-2010.
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.
.

#15:

#16:

-:
16-21% ..
.
-: 65-75% .. .

. 1.6.3 1.6.7

2010, , 1.6.1.

9
10

()

16

6
8
7
13
5
2
12
4
3
15
1
0

10

11

12

13

14

(TWh)
A

1.6.3. ,
2010

[6,7,8]

, ,
,
.
,
/ (BMS).

25

..

6
12

8
7
9
2
5
3
1
10
4
13
14
0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

(GWh)

1.6.4. ,
2010

[6,7,8]

()

6
8
7

2
3
5
9
1
4
10
13
12
14
0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

(GWh)
A

1.6.5. ,
2010

[6,7,8]

26

()

11


()

12
6

8
10
7
2
3
4
5
13
1
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

220

(GWh)
A

1.6.6. ,
2010

[6,7,8]

()

9
6
8

7
2
10
14
3
13
5
4
12
1
0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

(GWh)
A

1.6.7. ,
2010

[6,7,8]

27

[6,7,8]

CO2 (kt)
()

#1.

54.1

48.7

54.0

52.8

3573.6

#2.

10.9

12.0

9.5

10.5

549.6

#3.

46.9

21.1

21.6

26.6

1539.2

#4.

137.5

59.5

23.4

34.8

951.4

49.2

23.1

23.5

29.6

438.6

16.4

5.4

--

18.7

144.0

#7.

26.0

5.7

9.0

7.5

156.8

#8.

18.4

2.6

6.3

5.3

146.9

#9.

49.6

21.1

21.6

26.6

78.2

#10.

488.5

292.9

28.3

38.8

93.0

#11:

53.9

--

--

--

--

#12:

15.3

133.4

1.5

45.9

2709.7

713.1

369.0

148.2

106.2

817.3

815.1

423.5

--

59.7

--

#15:

--

--

--

--

1712.2

#16:

--

--

--

--

240.9

#5.

#6.

#13:

#14: BMS

1.6.2., CO2
2010, , ,

[6,7,8]

1.6.1..

CO2,

.

, , ,
1.6.3.
(
) : ()

(),

- (/), (), (), ().

1.6.3.

, .
:
() & .
() ,
.
(*) .
.

28

1.6.2.: CO2 (kt) 2010,

 .
1.6.3.

[6,7,8]

(%)
/

31

40

- ( )

(, )

--

(, )
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31

37

49

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10

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11

19

18

18

19

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4
2

( ) ,

20

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11

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17

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21

--- -

11

17

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#9

14

17

15

14

#10

60

60

60

60

#11

16

--

--

--

--

--

--

--

--

--

(, , , )

(, , , )

60
(BMS)

(, , , )

--

#16

72

#12

43

#13
#14

20

20

20

30

76

33
64

30

30

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29

--

 ,
0,02-1,16 0,08-1,32 TWh.

,
(win-win)

.

1.7.
28/2009
20%
2020. 5,5%
2005,
() , , 10% 49% .
, .3851/2010

[11]

85//4.6.2010) 2020,
20% , 40%
, 20%
.
.3468/06
( 129//27.6.2006)
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,
( 8//28.1.2009).
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2

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31

10m/sec.

/
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,

).
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DC Inverter ( ) 35% ,
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(2011-2012) .

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, 16 2002,

32

2.

 (.... 407/09.04.10),
2010, (
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600 .

33

( L1/4-1-2003).

2011
, .
.

2.3.1. 3
2011
(), . 397/2009,
, ,
.


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(),
2016 9% 5 2001-2005.

. 3661/2008,

.
, (2011-2012)
,
.
:

1.750 /m2

, 31.12.1979 ,

( 1980)
:

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/
.

www.exoikonomisi.ypeka.gr

34

2.3.


/ ,

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, ,

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[12]

2009,

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ENERGA, .
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[13].

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35

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, , ,
, , CHP,

[17]

-
:
. ,
, ,
.
. one-stop[18]
shop ,
(

,
.).
,
.

36

, 0,55 /kWh


. ,
,
. 1000
. ,
, 45
.

1.

, 2

. 2007.
2. (), ,
,
, 2011.
3. ... 89, 3661/19-05-2008.
.
4. ... 407 / 9-4-2010, 6//.5825
.
5. ... 177, .. 100/6-10-2010. ,
.
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CO2 , 650 .,
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10. ... 362 . - ..., .. 1.6/4.7.1979.
11. ... 85, 3851/4-6-2010,

, .
12. 1079/2009.
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13. 1557/2010.
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37

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Press. (ISBN-13: 978-0-521-70080-1).

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- : www.tee.gr
: www.ypeka.gr
: www.elot.gr
& : www.cres.gr
- - : www.energycon.org

38

14. Stern, . 2007. The Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review. Cambridge University

.1.
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J
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J
kcal
kWh
PSh
Btu

1
3
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6
3,610
6
2,64810
3
1,05510

2,38810
1
859,8
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1,16310
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2,93110

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1 = 1 toe ( ): ()
1000 kg 10000 kcal/kg.

1 TI = 1010 kcal = 41,87 GJ

6

1 = 1 tce ( ):
1000 kg () 7000 kcal/kg.

1 TI = 710 kcal = 29,31 GJ.

6

41

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