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Forceandmotion 5-6 NFB - Low
Forceandmotion 5-6 NFB - Low
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Force and
Motion
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ro
Table of Contents
lling
Introduction........................................................ 4
p
jumping
13
13
16
18
th
c r e e p i n g
Introduction
The words above tell about motion. They
describe different ways things move. Motion
is all around you. There is even motion inside
you. Your blood is moving right now.
For every motion, there is a force. In this
book, you will learn about motion and the
forces that make things move.
Conclusion........................................................ 24
Glossary............................................................. 25
Index.................................................................. 26
g
g
g
n
iiin
n
g
n
spinning
n
n
n
i
n
p
i
s iin
n
p
sl ssp
p
i s e r in
lift
Machines can be a
force. A huge engine
can push a rocket into
space. A small electric
motor can turn the
blades of a fan or
power a toy car.
Nature is also a
force. Breezes make
leaves shake in the
treetops. Ocean waves
make boats bob in the
water. Earthquakes
shake the ground.
pull
10
This train has a large mass and a high speed. This means it has
a lot of momentum. It would take a very strong force to slow or
stop this train!
B
A
1. Air rushes out the
open end (arrow A).
2. An equal, opposite
force pushes on the
far end of the balloon
(arrow B).
mass
velocity = momentum
11
12
Types of Forces
You have read about how people, machines,
and nature can be forces. Now you will read
about three other important forces.
Gravity
Isaac Newton learned how objects pull on
each other because of gravity. The power of
gravitys pull depends on two things. One is
the mass of each object, and the other is the
distance between them.
Greater masses have a stronger pull than
small masses do. If they are close, the pull is
stronger. If they are far apart, the pull is weaker.
Mass, Distance, and Gravity
In which situation is the gravitational pull strongest?
In which situation is the gravitational pull weakest?
A
Strongest: C; Weakest: B
13
14
Friction
Friction is another force you cannot see.
Friction slows down moving things. It also
heats them up. When you rub your hands
together, they create sliding friction. This friction
produces heat energy, which warms your skin.
16
Magnetism
magnet
Imagine that
you wanted
to race your friends
down a snowy hill.
How could thinking
about friction help
you win the race?
17
18
force
distance = work
most work
4 blocks, no baby
least work
2 blocks, no baby
What would happen
to the paper clips
if the wire stopped
touching the battery?
19
20
Energy
21
Why cant a
motorcycle that is out
of gas be ridden? Think about
potential and kinetic energy.
22
Energy Transfer
Conclusion
Energy in batteries
can make a toy move or
a flashlight shine. What
other examples of energy
transfer can you think of?
23
24
Glossary
direction the way or course toward which
something moves or faces (p. 8)
distance the amount of space between
things (p. 13)
electromagnetism the combined force of electricity
and magnetism (p. 19)
energy transfer the movement of energy from
one object to another or the
change of energy from one
form to another (p. 23)
force the strength or energy that
moves an object (p. 4)
25
Index
lines of force, 18
Newton, Isaac, 710,
12, 13, 24
first law of motion, 8, 9
second law of
motion, 10, 11
26
third law of
motion,12
speed vs. velocity, 11
types of friction
fluid friction, 17
rolling friction, 16
sliding friction, 16