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  • Pathophysiology: Modifiable Risk Factors

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    Alvin Germo Pasuquin
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    This document discusses risk factors and the pathophysiology of bone fractures. It lists modifiable risk factors like smoking, diet, and activity level, and non-modifiable factors like age, sex, and family history. When trauma exceeds a bone's capacity, it will break. This disrupts blood vessels and cuts off blood flow, causing cell death. An intense inflammatory response occurs as the body tries to repair the damage through callus formation, new bone growth, and eventual bone replacement.

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    pathphysiology of bone fracture

    Original Title

    Patho Fracture (1)

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    This document discusses risk factors and the pathophysiology of bone fractures. It lists modifiable risk factors like smoking, diet, and activity level, and non-modifiable factors like age, sex, and family history. When trauma exceeds a bone's capacity, it will break. This disrupts blood vessels and cuts off blood flow, causing cell death. An intense inflammatory response occurs as the body tries to repair the damage through callus formation, new bone growth, and eventual bone replacement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    18 views1 page

    Pathophysiology: Modifiable Risk Factors

    Uploaded by

    Alvin Germo Pasuquin
    This document discusses risk factors and the pathophysiology of bone fractures. It lists modifiable risk factors like smoking, diet, and activity level, and non-modifiable factors like age, sex, and family history. When trauma exceeds a bone's capacity, it will break. This disrupts blood vessels and cuts off blood flow, causing cell death. An intense inflammatory response occurs as the body tries to repair the damage through callus formation, new bone growth, and eventual bone replacement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

    Modifiable Risk Factors:


    Cigarette smoking
    Low body weight
    Low calcium intake
    Alcoholism
    Recurrent falls
    Inadequate physical activity
    Poor health/frailty

    Non-modifiable Risk Factors:


    Hx of fractures as an adult
    Hx of fractures in first degree
    relative
    Female sex
    Advanced age

    TRAUMA
    Stress placed on the bone excees the capacity
    of the bone to absorb it
    Bone breakage
    Blood vessel disruption

    Ecchymosis

    Jaundice

    RBC Hemolysis

    intraosseous blood flow

    Bleeding around the site & into


    the surrounding soft tissues

    Ischemia
    Bone cell death

    Pain

    prostaglandin,
    bradykinin, serotonin

    Intense inflammatory reaction


    Histamine, serotonin, bradykinin,
    C3a, C5a, LTC4, LTD4, PGI2, PGE2,
    PGD2, PGF2,

    Warmth & redness

    Vasodilation, vascular
    permeability

    TXA2, PAF, IL-1, TNF-,


    LTB4
    Fibrin clot formation &
    acts as a new network
    upon w/c new cells can
    adhere to

    True bone replaces callus


    & is slowly calcified

    Callus/ immature new bone


    formation

    Osteoprogenitor cells
    osteoclastic activity

    Stress on the opposing side of the broken


    bone accelerates osteoclastic activity

    blood flow to injured area


    Accumulation of phagocytic cells
    Phagocytosis & removal of dead cell debris

    Fixation, traction

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