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Case 70: Twenty rules for troubleshooting
Keywords: 7
In previous Engineering Case History columns, Thave dis¢ussed checklists and their value in avoiding errors during
startups, While the rules cannot replage common sens¢ or @ logical and methodical approach, they can help avoid
embarrassing situations. Here are 20 rules that are most helpful in troubleshooting:
Rules
Never assume anything. “The new bearings are in stores, and they will be there if there isa failure” is an
assumption. The bearings may not be in inventory; likewise, they ean be corroded; damaged or, worse, the wrong
size.
Rule2
Follow the data. The shaft failed due toa bending failure; because the bearing failed, because the oil system failod,
because the maintenance schedule was extended. This is following the data.
Ruleg
Don't jump to a cause, Most of us want to come up withthe most likely cause fora failure or other situation
immediately. Such causes are usually based on our past experience, which may Hot be valid for this particular
failure,
Rule
Caleulation is better than speculation. A simple analysis is worth more than someone who tries to base the cause on
past experiences.
Rule 5
Get input from others but realize they could be wrong, Most individuals want to be helpful and provide input as to
the cause, However, such input may not be credible.
Rule 6
‘When you have conclusive data adher to your pritciples. Safety igsues are a good example. Your position may not
be readily accepted by others because of budget, cdritract or time constraints. Before taking a stand, have other
senior technical people agree with you bécause it could affect your career.Rule7
Management doesn't want to hear bad news. Do not just discuss the failure and the problems it ean cause to
‘management. Present good options that can also be used at other plant locations to avoid similar failures.
Rules
Management doesn't ike wish ists, Only present whats needed, not what you wold like to have. Adhering to
‘company standards or national codes is usually a good approach,
Ruleg
Management doesn’t like confusing data. Keep tééhnical jargon to a minimum and present the information as clear
as possible with ilustrations, photos; inodels and-exainples,
Rule 10
‘Management doesn’t like expensive solutions. Only present one or two cost-effective solutions with options, costs
and timing.
Rule
Admit when you are wrong and obtain additional data’ Admitting to beitig wrong is one of the most difficult acts.
‘When other data contradicts yours, accepting the truth must be done; otherwise, you will look foolish.
Rule 12
‘Understand what results you are seeking. The analysis should be done to determine why the rotor eracked—not to
redesign the machine, Too often, we get so involved in the analysis that we forget to just solve the problem,
Rule 13
{ook forthe simplest explanation first. For example a ng oj belf wis installed too tight and then broke the
shaft, 4f
Rule 14
Look for the least cost and easiest solution, You need to understand what caused the failure first. For example, if