Chng 4:

Ghep luong bac cao SDH

2010-12-03

NOI DUNG CHNG 4

Lch s truyen dan so.

Nhc iem cua PDH
SDH la g? ac iem cua SDH?
Cac Toc o cua SDH
Phan cap trong SDH
Cac khai niem c ban

2010-12-03

Lch s cua truyen dan so

Nhng nam 70: PCM tham nhap mang vien
thong.
PCM 30/32 ra i la cap ghep ong bo
Ghep luong bac cao PDH ra i?
SONET ra i.
Cac chuan SDH c gii thieu.

2010-12-03

PDH va nhc iem cua no

Trc SDH, cac mang truyen dan da tren PDH.
Plesiochronous trong PDH co ngha la can ong bo.
Viec ghep t E1 len E4 phai thong qua 2 cap trung
gian la E2 va E3.
Ton tai 3 chuan ghep khac nhau
Cac khung co cac cau truc khac nhau
Quan ly hoat ong va canh bao trong PDH oi hoi
cac thiet b rieng.
Xen re phc tap va ton kem
...

2010-12-03

Ghep kenh tng cap trong PDH

2010-12-03

Xen re luong E1 t luong E4 trong PDH

140 Mbps

34 Mbps

140 Mbps

34 Mbps

DME

DME

8 Mbps

8 Mbps

DME

DME

DME

DME

2 Mbps
6

2010-12-03

SDH la g? ac iem cua SDH?

SDH la phan cap ghep luong th cap ong bo.
C s cua SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) la
ghep kenh ong bo d lieu t cac luong cap thap
c ghep xen byte.
Trong SDH, cac kenh c ghep tai cac v tr co nh
co quan he vi cac byte trong khung.
Viec phan kenh thc hien bang cach lay ra cac bytes
can thiet t luong so.
ieu nay cho phep cho phep co the re/xen mot kenh
n trc tiep t luong so ma khong can phan kenh
tng cap nh trong PDH.
7

2010-12-03

Cac toc o trong SDH

SDH la mot phan cap truyen tai tren c s ghep cac
luong 155.52 Mbit/s. (STM = Synchronous Transport Module)
ITTU-T
Designation
STM-1

Data Rate (Mbps)

155.52

Payload Rate
(Mbps)
150.336

STM-4

622.08

601.344

STM-16

2488.32

2405.376

STM-6 4

9953.28

9621.50

Moi toc o la chnh xac bang boi cua toc o cua

luong cap thap, v vay phan cap nay la ong bo.
8

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Cau truc khung SDH c ban (STM-1)

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Truyen dan cac khung STM

10

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Cau truc khung SDH c ban (STM-N)

Co 3 vung chnh trong khung STM-N:

SOH
Con tro n v quan ly (AU pointer), va
Tai trong thong tin
11

Trong SDH, 1 khe

thi gian co 8 bit
(1 byte); moi khung
co o dai 125s
2010-12-03

Phan cap SDH

12

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Phan cap SDH

HOP: High order path

LOP: Low order path
13

2010-12-03

Container
C : Container, la n v thong tin dung e ong bo
hoa cac luong PDH vao moi trng SDH (khung
STM).
n v kch thc cua Container tnh theo bytes. Thi
gian cua cac loai container eu bang 125s.
Co cac container sau:

C4: dung e ghep luong E4 (kch thc 2340 bytes).

C3: dung e ghep luong E3, T3 (kch thc 756 bytes).
C2: dung e ghep luong T2 (kch thc 106 bytes).
C11: dung e ghep luong T1 - 1,5Mbps (kch thc 25 bytes).
C12: dung e ghep luong E1 - 2 Mbps (kch thc 34 bytes).

e co the a cac luong PDH va cac container

tng ng can s dung cac bit chen co nh va chen
c hoi (chen dng, chen am, chen khong).
14

2010-12-03

SDH va tn hieu khong ong bo

Tai vung giao tiep PDH/SDH cac bit chen c s
dung khi tn hieu PDH c a vao Container tng
ng.

15

2010-12-03

Cac container ao trong SDH

Khi moi mot C oc tao ra, byte t mao ng dan
(POH) c gan them vao va tao thanh Container ao
(VC) .
POH (Path Overhead) co cha cac thong tin ve hoat
ong, canh bao va cac thong tin quan ly khac.
Mot ng dan (path) i ngang qua 1 mang SDH ton
tai t iem tn hieu PDH c a vao C en iem
tn hieu PDH c khoi phuc lai t C.
POH i cung vi C (tao thanh VC) thong qua ng
dan.
16

2010-12-03

Cac container ao trong SDH

Co cac container ao sau:

VC4: kch thc 2349 bytes.

VC3: kch thc 765 bytes.
VC2: kch thc 107 bytes.
VC11: kch thc 26 bytes.
VC12: kch thc 35 bytes.

Cac VC4, VC3 c goi la cac VC bac cao; Cac

VC11, VC12, VC2 c goi la cac VC bac thap.
Thi gian cua cac VC cung la 125s.

17

2010-12-03

n v quan ly AU
Nhom n v quan ly - AUG
Cac VC bac cao c gan them con tro e tao thanh
n v quan ly tng ng.
Chc nang cua con tro la ghi lai moi lien he ve pha
gia khung STM-1 vi VC bac cao c ghep vao.
Co the hieu ay, phase la v tr bat au mot VC trong khung
STM-1.

Co 2 loai AU la:
AU3: kch thc 786 bytes
AU4: kch thc 2358 bytes

AU4 tng ng vi AUG (nhom n v quan ly).

3 AU-3 ghep xen byte vi nhau tao thanh mot AUG.
Thi gian cua cac AU va AUG cung la 125s.
18

2010-12-03

n v quan ly - AU
AU4 co the truyen trc tiep vao STM-1 bang cach
gan them cac t mao oan truyen dan (SOH).
3 AU3 co the truyen vao STM-1 bang cach ghep xen
bytes vi nhau tao thanh AUG va gan them cac t
mao oan truyen dan (SOH).

19

2010-12-03

Truyen cac VC
Container C-4 c a vao STM thong quan VC-4.

20

2010-12-03

n v luong so TU (Tributary Unit)

Tr VC-4, tat ca cac VC con lai e co the a vao
mot VC ln hn trc khi chuyen vao khung STM-1.
Khi o can thiet phai ghi lai moi lien he ve phase
gia VC bac thap vi VC bac cao hn.
Co the hieu ay, phase la v tr bat au mot VC bac thap trong
mot VC bac cao hn.

Chc nang nay c thc hien bi con tro.

Mot VC bac thap c gan them con tro goi la n v
luong so.

21

2010-12-03

n v luong so -TU
Co cac TU sau:

TU3: kch thc 768 bytes.

TU2: kch thc 108 bytes.
TU11: kch thc 27 bytes.
TU12: kch thc 36 bytes.

Thi gian cua cac TU cung la 125s.

22

2010-12-03

Nhom n v luong so TUG

Trc khi a vao VC bac cao hn, cac TU c
ghep xen bytes vi nhau tao thanh nhom n v
luong so (TUG).Thi gian cua cac TUG la 125s.
Co cac TUG sau:
TUG-2
TUG-3

TUG-2 c tao ra bang mot trong cac cach sau:

Ghep xen bytes 4 x TU-11
Ghep xen bytes 3 x TU-12
Tng ng mot TU-2

TUG-3 c tao ra bang mot trong cac cach sau:

Ghep xen bytes 7 x TUG-2
Tng ng mot TU-3
23

2010-12-03

V du: trnh t ghep E1 vao SDH

24

2010-12-03

Mao au oan (Section Overhead SOH) cua STM-1

1

A1

A1

A1

A2

A2

A2

J0

B1

E1

F1

RSOH

D1

D2

D3

Mao au oan chuyen tiep

AU-4 Pointer

4
5

B2

B2

B2

K1

K2

D4

D5

D6

D7

D8

D9

D10

D11

D12

S1

M1

MSOH

Mao au oan ghep kenh

E2

25

2010-12-03

POH va SOH trong SDH

au / cuoi

Chuyen tiep

Xen / re

Chuyen tiep

PDH

au / cuoi

PDH
RSOH

RSOH

RSOH

MSOH

RSOH
MSOH

POH

26

2010-12-03

Chc nang chnh cua POH va SOH

Chc nang cua SOH:

ong bo khung
Kiem tra loi
Truyen d lieu
ieu khien chuyen mach bao ve
Bao dng

Chc nang cua POH:

Kiem tra loi
Bao dng

27

2010-12-03