1

ghlk; - 29

mw;Gjk; nra;Ak; gprhrpd; Mtp

ntsp. 16:13>14 mg;nghOJ> tYrh;g;gj;jpd; thapYk; kpUfj;jpd; thapYk;
fs;sj;jPh;ff
; jhprpapd; thapYkpUe;J jtisfSf;F xg;ghd %d;W mRj;j Mtpfs;
Gwg;gl;Ltuf; fz;Nld;.
mitfs; mw;Gjq;fisr; nra;fpw gprhRfspd; Mtpfs;@ mitfs;
g+Nyhfnkq;FKs;s uh[hf;fisr; rh;tty;yikAs;s NjtDila kfhehspy; elf;Fk;
Aj;jj;jpw;Ff; $l;br; Nrh;f;Fk;gbf;Fg; Gwg;gl;Lg; NghfpwJ.
filrp fhyj;jpy; mw;Gjk; kpfg;nghpa tQ;rfj;jpd; fUtpahf gad;gLj;jg;gLk;.
tYrh;g;gk; - kpUfk; - fs;sj;jPHf;fjhprp thapypUe;J Gwg;gLfpw %d;W jtisf;F xg;ghd
mRj;j Mtpfs;. jhq;fs; mw;Gjk; nra;tjpd; %ykhfNt cyfj;ij tQ;rpf;fpw kpfg;nghpa
tQ;rfj;ij nra;fpwJ. jq;fSila mq;ff
P hukhfTk;> jq;fSila cgNjrk;
cz;ikahdjhfTk; fhz;gpf;fTk;> G+Nyhfnkq;Fk; cs;s uh[hf;fisr; rHt
ty;yikAs;s NjtDila kfhehspy; elf;Fk; Aj;jj;jpw;Ff; $l;br;NrHf;fTk;> mtHfsplk;
,Uf;fpw xU kpfg;nghpa fUtpahf ,e;j mw;Gjk; fhzg;gLk;.
2 njr. 2:2-4>9-10 xU MtpapdhyhtJ> thh;j;ijapdhyhtJ> vq;fsplj;jpypUe;J
te;jjha;j; Njhd;Wfpw xU epUgj;jpdhyhtJ> fpwp];JtpDila ehs; rkPgkhapUf;fpwjhfr;
nrhy;yg;gl;lhy;> clNd rQ;ryg;glhkYk; fyq;fhkYk; ,Uq;fs;.
vt;tpjj;jpdhYk; xUtDk; cq;fis Nkhrk;Nghf;fhjgbf;F vr;rhpf;ifahapUq;fs;@
Vnddpy; tpRthr JNuhfk; Ke;jp Nehpl;L> Nfl;bd; kfdhfpa ghtkD\d;
ntspg;gl;lhnyhopa> me;j ehs; tuhJ.
mtd; vjph;j;Jepw;fpwtdhAk;> Njtndd;dg;gLtnjJNth> Muhjpf;fg;gLtnjJNth>
mitnay;yhtw;wpw;Fk; Nkyhfj; jd;id cah;j;JfpwtdhAk;> NjtDila Myaj;jpy;
Njtd;Nghy cl;fhh;e;J> jd;idj;jhd; Njtndd;W fhz;gpf;fpwtdhAk; ,Ug;ghd;.
me;j mf;fpukf;fhuDila tUif rhj;jhDila nraypd;gb rfy ty;yikNahLk;
milahsq;fNshLk; ngha;ahd mw;Gjq;fNshLk;>
nfl;Lg;Nghfpwth;fSf;Fs;Ns mePjpapdhy; cz;lhFk; rfytpj tQ;rfj;NjhLk;
,Uf;Fk;. ,ul;rpf;fg;glj;jf;fjha;r; rj;jpaj;jpd;NkYs;;s md;ig mth;fs;
mq;fpfhpahkw;Nghdbahy; mg;gb elf;Fk;.
,uz;lhk; tUiff;F Kd;ghf ght kD\d; ntspg;gLthd;. mtd; jd;id
Njtidg;Nghy fhl;lTk; jd;id cah;j;jTk; kf;fis tQ;rpf;f rhj;jhDila nraypd;gb
rfy ty;yikNahLk;> milahsq;fNshLk; ngha;ahd mw;Gjq;fNshLk; tUthd;.
,uz;lhk; tUiff;F Kd;ghf ntspg;gLk; ghtkD\d; ngha;ahd mw;Gjj;jpd; %ykhfNt
kf;fis tQ;rpg;ghd;. me;j mw;Gjk; vg;gbg;gl;l tQ;rfj;ij cilajhf fhzg;gLk;?

kj;NjA 24:24 Vnddpy;> fs;sf;fpwp];Jf;fSk; fs;sj;jPh;f;fjhprpfSk; vOk;gp>

$Lkhdhy; njhpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;lth;fisAk; tQ;rpf;fj;jf;fjhfg; nghpa
milahsq;fisAk; mw;Gjq;fisAk; nra;thh;fs;.
njhpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;ltHfshfpa ghpRj;jthd;fs; NkYk; mJ MSif nra;Ak;gbf;F
kpf gykhd tQ;rfkhf fhzg;gLk;.
cjhuzk;: vfpg;jpy; ke;jputhjpfs; nra;j mw;Gjk;. NkhNr Nfhiy ghk;ghf;fpaJNghy
ke;jputhjpfSk; Nfhiy ghk;ghf khw;wpdhHfs;.
PP Cshap. 23, p. 373

vfpg;jpd; ke;jputhjpfs; nra;j mw;Gjk; vd;gJ xU fz;fl;b tpj;ij. Nfhiy

mtHfs; ghk;ghf khw;wtpy;iy. capiu cz;lhf;Ffpw ty;yik my;yJ [Ptid
nfhLf;fpw ty;yik rhj;jhdplk; ,y;iy. mtd; Nfhiyg; ghk;GNghy fhz;gpj;jhd;. me;j
fhhpakhdJ mq;fpUf;Fk; midtUf;Fk; NkhNr-MNuhd; fz;fSf;Fk; mJ ghk;ghfNt
fhzg;gl;lJ.
rhj;jhdpd; tQ;rfk; njhpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;ltHfisAk; tQ;rpf;Fk;gb mJ mtHfs;
fz;fSf;F Kd;ghfTk; nghpa fhhpakhff; fhzg;gLk;. NkhNr-MNuhd; fz;fSf;F mJ
mw;Gjkhff; fhzg;gl;lJ vd;why; ekJ epiy vd;d?
1nfhhp 10:12 ,g;gbapUf;f> jd;id epw;fpwtndd;W vz;Zfpwtd; tpohjgbf;F
vr;rhpf;ifahapUf;ff;fltd;.
ekJ ghJfhg;gpw;fhf ehk; Njtid mDjpdKk; rhHe;jpUf;fpwtHfs; ghf;fpathd;.
rq;fj
P k; 16:8 fh;j;jiu vg;nghOJk; vdf;F Kd;ghf itj;jpUf;fpNwd;@ mth; vd;
tyJghhprj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwgbahy; ehd; mirf;fg;gLtjpy;iy.

vjw;fhf filrp ehl;fspy; tQ;rfk; eilngw NghfpwJ?

1.

ntsp. 16:15 ,Njh> jpUlidg;Nghy; tUfpNwd;. jd; khdk; fhzg;glj;jf;fjhf

eph;thzkha; elthjgbf;F tpopj;Jf;nfhz;L> jd; t];jpuq;fisf; fhj;Jf;nfhs;Sfpwtd;

ghf;fpathd;.
ePjpapd; t];jpuj;ij nfLg;gjw;fhf tQ;rfk; eilngw NghfpwJ. ePjpapd; t];jpuk;
vd;gJ fpwp];Jtpd; fpUigapdhy; NjtDila Fzj;ij gpujpgypf;Fk; gpukhzj;jpw;F
,irthd tho;f;ifahFk;. mw;Gjq;fs; %ykhf cyfj;ij NjtDila ePjpia
ngw;Wf;nfhs;shjgbf;F RaePjpapy; ,Ug;gjw;F topelj;JtNj rhj;jhDila Nehf;fkhFk;.
Mjpafhkk; 3:7 mg;nghOJ mth;fs; ,UtUila fz;fSk; jpwf;fg;gl;lJ@ mth;fs;
jhq;fs; eph;thzpfs; vd;W mwpe;J> mj;jpapiyfisj; ijj;J> jq;fSf;F
miuf;fr;irfis cz;Lgz;zpdhh;fs;.
VNjd; Njhl;lj;jpy; rhj;jhdpd; mw;Gjk; %ykhf Mjhk; Vths; jq;fs; t];jpuj;ij
,oe;jJNghy filrpfhyj;jpYk; mw;Gjk; %yk; NjtDf;F tpNuhjkhf kf;fis
jpirjpUg;gp tQ;rpg;ghd;.
2.

kj;NjA 24:23-26 mg;nghOJ> ,Njh> fpwp];J ,q;Nf ,Uf;fpwhh;> mNjh> mq;Nf

,Uf;fpwhh; vd;W vtdhfpYk; nrhd;dhy; ek;ghNjAq;fs;.

Vnddpy;> fs;sf;fpwp];Jf;fSk; fs;sj;jPh;f;fjhprpfSk; vOk;gp> $Lkhdhy;
njhpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;lth;fisAk; tQ;rpf;fj;jf;fjhfg; nghpa milahsq;fisAk;
mw;Gjq;fisAk; nra;thh;fs;.
,Njh> Kd;djhf cq;fSf;F mwptpj;jpUf;fpNwd;.
Mifahy;: mNjh> tdhe;juj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwhh; vd;W nrhy;thh;fshdhy;> Gwg;glhjpUq;fs;@
,Njh> miwtPl;bw;Fs; ,Uf;fpwhh; vd;W nrhy;thh;fshdhy; ek;ghjpUq;fs;.
njhpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;ltHfisAk; tQ;rpg;gjw;fhf nra;ag;gLfpw kpfg;nghpa mw;Gjkhf
rhj;jhd; fpwp];JNghyNt Njhd;Wthd;. fpwp];JitNghy elf;f Ngr - gpurq;fpf;fg;
Nghfpwhd;. fpwp];J ,q;Nf ,Uf;fpwhH> mq;Nf ,Uf;fpwhH vd;gJ tQ;rpg;gjw;fhf
nra;ag;gLfpw fhhpaky;y> mJ cz;ikapy; eilngWk; fhhpak;. fpwp];J vr;rhpf;fpwhH.
mq;F Gwg;gl;L NghfhjpUq;fs;. mij ek;ghjpUq;fs;. gprhR nra;fpw mw;Gjj;jpd; epiwT
Nghypahd fpwp];Jtpd; tUif.
filrpfhy rk;gtk;> gf;fk; 166 - 167 ,e;j khngUk; tQ;rf ehlfj;jpd; cr;rf;fl;l
fhl;rpahf> rhj;jhNd fpwp];Jitg;Nghy; Ntlkzpe;J tUthd;. rig jdJ ek;gpf;iffs;
epiwNtw;wg;gLk;gbahf>
,ul;rfhpd;
tUiff;F
ePz;lfhykhf
vjph;ghh;j;Jf;nfhz;bUg;gjhff; $wpf;nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ. ,g;NghJ ,e;j khngUk; tQ;rfd;>
fpwp];JjhNk
te;J
tpl;lJNghy;
fhz;gpg;ghd;.
G+kpapd;
ntt;NtW
gFjpfspy;>
ntspahfkj;jpy; Nahthd; tHzpj;Js;s NjtFkhuDila Njhw;wj;jpy;> gpufhrpf;fpd;w
ntspr;rj;jpy; xU nfk;gPukhd rpU\;biag;Nghy> kdpjh;fs; kj;jpapNy rhj;jhd; jd;id
ntspg;gLj;Jthd; (ntsp 1:13-15). ,JtiuapYk;> ve;j xU kdpjf; fz;fSk; fz;buhj
kpfr;rpwe;j kfpikahdJ mtidr; Rw;wpYk; ,Uf;Fk;. fpwp];J te;Jtpl;lhh;! fpwp];J
te;Jtpl;lhh;! vd;w ntw;wp Mh;g;ghpg;ghdJ fhw;wpNy njhdpf;Fk;.

fpwp];J ,e;j G+kpapy; ,Ue;jNghJ> jkJ iffis cah;j;jp jkJ rP\h;fs;kPJ

MrPh;thjj;ijf; $wpaJNghyNt> mtDk; jd; iffis cah;j;jp mth;fs; kPJ
MrPh;thjj;ijf; $Wk;NghJ> kf;fs; mtid tzq;Fk;gbahf mtd; Kd;ghfj;
jhotpOe;J gzpe;Jnfhs;thh;fs;. mtdJ FuyhdJ nkd;ikahfTk;> jho;ikahfTk;>
,d;Dk; ,dpik epiwe;jjhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. kpfTk; ,jkhd fUiz epiwe;j Fuypy;>
mtd; ekJ ,ul;rfh; $wpa fpUig epiwe;j mNj guNyhf rj;jpaq;fs; rpytw;iw
vLj;Jf; $Wthd;. kf;fspd; tpahjpfisf; Fzkhf;Fthd;. mjd; gpd;G> fpwp];Jtpd;
Fzj;ijg;Nghd;w
ghtidapy;>
Xa;Tehis
Qhapw;Wf;fpoikf;F
khw;wptpl;ljhf
vLj;Jf;$wp> jhd; MrPh;tjpj;j me;j ehis midtUk; ghpRj;jg;gLj;Jk;gbahff;
fl;lisapLthd;. - GC. 624 (1911).
filrpfhy rk;gtk;> gf;fk; 169-170 jdf;Fr; rhjfkhd midj;ijAk; mile;Jnfhs;s
rhj;jhd; NghuhLfpd;whd; xspapd; J}jdpd; Nt\j;jpy;> mjpraq;fisr; nra;gtdhf
,g;G+kpapNy ele;J jphpthd;.
kpf mofhd nkhopapy;> Muthukhd kd czh;r;rpfis
mUSthd;.
mtdhy; ey;y thh;j;ijfs; Ngrg;gLk;> mtdhy; ey;y nray;fs;
nra;ag;gLk;.
,g;gbr;
nra;tjhy;>
fpwp];JNt
Njhw;wkspg;gJ
Nghy;
,Uf;Fk;.
,Ue;jNghJk;> xU fhhpaj;jpNy xU nghpa tpj;jpahrk; fhzg;gLk; - rhj;jhd; NjtDila
gpukhzj;jpypUe;J kf;fisj; jpUg;Gthd;. mNjhL epy;yhJ> ePjpiaf; Fwpj;J ed;Kiwapy;
mtd; fhl;Lfpd;w Nghypahd fhhpakhdJ> $Lkhdhy; njhpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;lth;fisAk;
tQ;rpf;fpwjhapUf;Fk;. Kb#l;lg;gl;l jiyth;fs;> mjpgh;fs;> ,d;Dk; Nkyplq;fspy;
,Uf;fpd;w Ml;rpahsh;fs;> mtdJ ngha;ahd Nfhl;ghLfSf;Fj; jiytzq;Fthh;fs;. FE. 471, 472 (1897).
jtwhd rj;jpaj;jpy; kf;fis topelj;jTk; jtwhf rj;jpaj;jpypUg;gth;fs; mjpy;
kdepiwtilaTk;> Fwpg;ghf Xa;Tehs; - rdpf;fpoikapypUe;J Qhapw;Wf;fpoikf;F
jd;dhy; khw;wg;gl;lJ vd;ghd;. ,g;gbahf gpukhzj;jpypUe;J kf;fis jpirjpUg;GtNj
mtDila Nehf;fkhf ,Uf;Fk;. gpukhzj;jpw;F tpNuhjkhd mtDila Ngr;Nr
mtDila Nghypahd jd;ikf;F milahskhFk;.
3.

2 njr. 2:3>9 vt;tpjj;jpdhYk; xUtDk; cq;fis Nkhrk;Nghf;fhjgbf;F

vr;rhpf;ifahapUq;fs;@ Vnddpy; tpRthr JNuhfk; Ke;jp Nehpl;L> Nfl;bd; kfdhfpa

ghtkD\d; ntspg;gl;lhnyhopa> me;j ehs; tuhJ.
me;j mf;fpukf;fhuDila tUif rhj;jhDila nraypd;gb rfy ty;yikNahLk;
milahsq;fNshLk; ngha;ahd mw;Gjq;fNshLk;>
me;jpfpwp];J Njhd;Wtjw;F mw;Gjk; cjtp nra;fpwJ. Nghg;Gtpd; fhak;
nrh];jkhtjw;Fk; Nghg;G jdJ Ke;ija epiyia jpUk;gTk; ngw;W cyfj;ij
fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; jdJ Ntiyia nra;aTk; ,e;j Nghypahd mw;GjNk kpfg;;nghpa topahf
fhzg;gLk;.
ntsp. 19:20 mg;nghOJ kpUfk; gpbf;fg;gl;lJ@ kpUfj;jpd;Kd;ghfr; nra;j
mw;Gjq;fshy; mjpd; Kj;jpiuiaj; jhpj;jth;fisAk; mjpd; nrh&gj;ij
tzq;fpdth;fisAk; Nkhrk;Nghf;fpd fs;sj;jPh;ff
; jhprpAq;$lg; gpbf;fg;gl;lhd;@ ,UtUk;
fe;jfk; vhpfpw mf;fpdpf;flypNy capNuhNl js;sg;gl;lhh;fs;.
fs;sj;jPHf;fjhprp - kpUfj;jpd; Kd;ghf nra;j mw;Gjj;jpd; %ykhf kpUfj;jpd;
Kj;jpiuiaj; jhpf;fr; nra;thd;.

fs;sj;jPHf;fjhprp vg;gbg;gl;l mw;Gjk; %yk; ,ijr; nra;thd;?

ntsp 13:13>14 md;wpAk;> mJ kD\Uf;FKd;ghf thdj;jpypUe;J g+kpapd;Nky;
mf;fpdpia ,wq;fg;gz;zj;jf;fjhfg; nghpa mw;Gjq;fis elg;gpj;J>
kpUfj;jpd;Kd;ghf me;j mw;Gjq;fisr; nra;Ak;gb jdf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;l
rj;Jtj;jpdhNy g+kpapd; Fbfis Nkhrk;Nghf;fp> gl;laj;jpdhNy fhag;gl;Lg; gpioj;j
kpUfj;jpw;F xU nrh&gk; gz;zNtz;Lnkd;W g+kpapd; FbfSf;Fr; nrhy;ypw;W.
thdj;jpypUe;J mf;fpdpia ,wq;fg;gz;Zfpw nghpa mw;Gjj;ij elg;gpf;Fk;. ,jd;
%yk; G+kpapd; Fbfis Nkhrk; Nghf;Fk;. mtHfis NjtDila gps;isfSf;F vjpuhf
$l;br;NrHf;Fk;. ,t;thW mtHfis $l;br;Nrh;f;Fk; filrp Aj;jj;jpw;F ngaHjhd;
mh;knfNjhd;
ntsp. 16:16 - mg;nghOJ vgpnuA ghi\apNy mh;knfNjhd; vd;dg;gl;l ,lj;jpNy
mth;fisf; $l;br; Nrh;j;jhd;.
mHknfNjhd; - Aj;jk; vd;why; vd;d?
vgpnua ghi\apy; mH vd;why; kiy@ nkfpNjh vd;gJ xU ,lj;jpd; ngaH
(gs;sj;jhf;F). nkfpNjh vd;fpw ,lj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; kiyjhd; mh;nkfpNjhd;.
filrpfhyj;jpy; elf;Fk; Aj;jj;jpw;F Vd; xU kiyapd; ngaiu itf;fNtz;Lk;?
cz;ikahf ghHg;Nghk; vd;why; nkfpNjh vd;fpw ,lj;jpy; kiyfs; xd;Wkpy;iy.
mJ xU rkntsp@ Mdhy; mq;fpUe;J vl;L fpNyhkPl;lH J}uj;jpy; xU kiy cs;sJ.
me;j kiyapd; ngaH fh;Nky; kiyahFk;. fHNky; kiyapy; ele;jjw;F NeH
vjpukhwhf ,q;F xU Aj;jk; eilngWk;. MfNt ,e;j Aj;jj;jpw;F mh;nkfpNjhd; vd;W
ngaH.
filrpfhy Aj;jj;jpw;F Vd; fHNky; kiyia milahskhf fhl;lNtz;Lk;?
mjw;F fHNky; kiyapy; ele;jJ vd;d vd;gij ehk; ghHf;fNtz;Lk;.
1 ,uh[hf;fs; 18:19-40 ,g;NghJk; fh;Nky; gh;tjj;jpNy ,];uNtyidj;ijAk;> ghfhypd;
jPh;ff
; jhprpfs; ehD}w;iwk;gJNgiuAk;> NarNgypd; ge;jpapNy rhg;gpLfpw Njhg;G
tpf;fpufj;jpd; jPh;f;fjhprpfs; ehD}WNgiuAk; vd;dplj;jpy; $l;bf;nfhz;Ltu Ml;fis
mDg;Gk; vd;whd;.
mg;gbNa Mfhg;: ,];uNty; Gj;jpuh; vy;yhhplj;jpYk; Ml;fis mDg;gp> fh;Nky;
gh;tjj;jpNy me;jj; jPh;f;fjhprpfisf; $btUk;gb nra;jhd;.
mg;nghOJ vypah rfy [dj;jz;ilf;Fk; te;J: ePq;fs; ve;jkl;Lk; ,uz;L epidTfshy;
Fe;jpf;Fe;jp elg;gPh;fs;@ fh;j;jh; nja;tkhdhy; mtiug; gpd;gw;Wq;fs;@ ghfhy;
nja;tkhdhy; mtidg; gpd;gw;Wq;fs; vd;whd;> [dq;fs; gpujpAj;jukhf mtDf;F xd;Wk;
nrhy;ytpy;iy.
mg;nghOJ vypah [dq;fis Nehf;fp: fh;j;jhpd; jPh;f;fjhprpfspy; kPe;jpUf;fpwtd; ehd;
xUtd;@ ghfhypd; jPhf
; ;fjhprpfNsh ehD}w;iwk;gJNgh;.
,g;NghJk; ,uz;L fhisfis vq;fsplj;jpy; nfhz;Ltul;Lk;@ xU fhisia mth;fs;
njhpe;Jnfhz;L> mijr; re;Jre;jhfj; Jz;bj;J> neUg;Gg; Nghlhky; tpwFfspd;Nky;
itf;ff;flth;fs;@ ehd; kw;wf; fhisia mg;gbNa nra;J> neUg;Gg; Nghlhky;
tpwFfspd;Nky; itg;Ngd;.
ePq;fs; cq;fs; NjtDila ehkj;ijr; nrhy;yp $g;gpLq;fs;@ ehd; fh;j;jUila
ehkj;ijr; nrhy;ypf; $g;gpLNtd;> mg;nghOJ mf;fpdpapdhy; cj;juT mUSk; nja;tNk
nja;tk; vd;whd;@ mjw;F [dq;fnsy;yhUk; ,J ey;y thh;j;ij vd;whh;fs;.

mg;nghOJ vypah ghfhypd; jPh;ff

; jhprpfis Nehf;fp: ePq;fs; mNefuhdjhy; ePq;fNs
Ke;jp xU fhisiaj; njhpe;Jnfhz;L mij Maj;jk;gz;zp> neUg;Gg;Nghlhky; cq;fs;
NjtDila ehkj;ijr; nrhy;yp $g;gpLq;fs; vd;whd;.
jq;fSf;Ff; nfhLf;fg;gl;l fhisia mth;fs; thq;fp> mij Maj;jk;gz;zp: ghfhNy>
vq;fSf;F cj;juT mUSk; vd;W fhiynjhlq;fp kj;jpahdkl;Lk; ghfhyp;d; ehkj;ijr;
nrhy;ypf; $g;gpl;lhh;fs;@ MdhYk; xU rj;jKk; gpwf;ftpy;iy> kW cj;juT nfhLg;ghUk;
,y;iy. mth;fs; fl;bd gypgPlj;jpw;F vjpNu Fjpj;J Mbdhh;fs;.
kj;jpahdNtisapNy vypah mthfisg; ghpahrk;gz;zp: cuj;j rj;jkha; $g;gpLq;fs;@
mtd; NjtdhNk> mtd; jpahdj;jpy; ,Ug;ghd;@ my;yJ mYtyhapUg;ghd;@ my;yJ
gpuahzk;NghapUg;ghd;@ my;yJ J}q;fpdhYk; J}q;Fthd;@ mtid vOg;gNtz;bajhf;Fk;
vd;whd;.
mth;fs; cuj;jrj;jkha;f; $g;gpl;L> jq;fs; tof;fj;jpd;gbNa ,uj;jk; jq;fs;Nky;
tbAkl;Lk; fj;jpfshYk; <l;bfshYk; jq;fisf; fPwpf;nfhz;lhh;fs;.
kj;jpahdNtis nrd;wgpd;G> me;jpg;gypnrYj;Jk; Neukl;lhfr; rd;djk;
nrhy;ypf;nfhz;bUe;jhh;fs;@ MdhYk; xU rj;jKk; gpwf;ftpy;iy> kW cj;juT
nfhLg;ghUk; ,y;iy> ftdpg;ghUk; ,y;iy.
mg;nghOJ vypah rfy [dq;fisAk; Nehf;fp: vd; fpl;Nl thUq;fs; vd;whd;@ rfy
[dq;fSk; mtd; fpl;Nl te;jNghJ> jfh;f;fg;gl;l fh;j;jUila gypgPlj;ij mtd;
nrg;gdpl;L:
cdf;F ,];uNty; vd;Dk; Ngh; ,Ug;gjhf vd;W nrhy;yp> fh;j;jUila
thh;j;ijiag;ngw;w ahf;NfhGila Fkhuuhy; cz;lhd Nfhj;jpuq;fSila
,yf;fj;jpd;gbNa> gd;dpuz;L fw;fis vLj;J>
me;jf; fw;fshNy fh;j;jUila ehkj;jpw;nfd;W xU gypgPlj;ijf; fl;b> gypgPlj;ijr;
Rw;wpYk; jhdpak; msf;fpw ,uz;Lgb tpij tpijf;fj;jf;f ,lkhd xU tha;f;fhiy
cz;lhf;fp>
tpwFfis mLf;fp> xU fhisiar; re;Jre;jhfj; Jz;bj;J tpwFfspd;Nky; itj;jhd;.
gpw;ghL mtd;: ePq;fs; ehYFlk; jz;zPh; nfhz;Lte;J> rh;thq;f jfdgypapd;NkYk;>
tpwFfspd;NkYk; Cw;Wq;fs; vd;whd;@ gpd;G ,uz;lhe;juKk; mg;gbNa Cw;Wq;fs;
vd;whd;@ ,uz;lhe;juKk; Cw;wpdhh;fs;@ mjw;Fg;gpd;G %d;whe;juKk; mg;gbNa Cw;Wq;fs;
vd;whd;@ %d;whe;juKk; Cw;wpdhh;fs;.
mg;nghOJ jz;zPh; gypgPlj;ijr; Rw;wpYk; XbdJ@ tha;f;fhiyAk; jz;zPuhy; epug;gpdhd;.
me;jpg;gyp nrYj;Jk; Neuj;jpNy> jPh;ff
; jhprpahfpa vypah te;J: MgpufhKf;Fk;
<rhf;Ff;Fk; ahf;NfhGf;Fk; Njtdhfpa fh;j;jhNt> ,];uNtypNy ePh; Njtd; vd;Wk;> ehd;
ck;Kila Copaf;fhud; vd;Wk;> ehd; ,e;jf; fhhpaq;fisnay;yhk; ck;Kila
thh;j;ijapd;gbNa nra;Njd; vd;Wk; ,d;iwf;F tpsq;fg;gz;Zk;.
fh;j;jhNt> ePh; Njtdhfpa fh;j;jh; vd;Wk;> NjthPh; jq;fs; ,Ujaj;ij kWgbAk; jpUg;gpdPh;
vd;Wk; ,e;j [dq;fs; mwpAk;gbf;F> vd;idf; Nfl;lUSk;> vd;idf; Nfl;lUSk;
vd;whd;.
mg;nghOJ: fh;j;jhplj;jpy; ,Ue;J mf;fpdp ,wq;fp> me;jr; rh;thq;f jfdgypiaAk;>
tpwFfisAk;> fw;fisAk;> kz;izAk; gl;rpj;J> tha;f;fhypypUe;j jz;zPiuAk;
ef;fpg;Nghl;lJ.
[dq;fnsy;yhUk; ,ijf; fz;lNghJ> Kfq;Fg;Gw tpOe;J: fh;j;jNu nja;tk; vd;whh;fs;.
mg;nghOJ vypah mth;fis Nehf;fp: ePq;fs; ghfhypd; jPh;f;fjhprpfspy; xUtDk;
jg;gpg;Nghfhjgbf;F mth;fisg; gpbAq;fs; vd;whd;@ mth;fisg; gpbj;jNghJ> vypah
mth;fisf; fPNo fPNrhd; Mw;wq;fiuapNy nfhz;LNgha;> mq;Nf mth;fis
ntl;bg;Nghl;lhd;.
vypah jPHf;fjhprp xU Gwk;> ghfhy; jPHf;fjhprpfs; kWGwk;. cz;ikahd jPHf;fjhprp
ahH? cz;ikahd njhOif Kiw vJ? mf;fpdpahy; cj;juT mUSk; nja;tNk
nja;tk;. mf;fpdp ,wq;Fk; mw;Gjk; %yk; ep&gpf;fg;gLjy;.
ghfhy; jPHf;fjhprpfs; $g;gpl;lNghJ mf;fpdp tutpy;iy. vypah n[gpj;jNghJ
thdj;jpypUe;J ,wq;fpaJ. vypah cz;ikahd fHj;jUila jPHf;fjhprp vd;Wk; mtH

tzq;Fk; KiwNa cz;ikahd Muhjuid Kiw vd;Wk; fhz;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. MfNt>

mq;F ghfhy; jPHf;fjhprpfs; nfhiynra;ag;gl;lhHfs;.
PP, p.150-153

,e;j epfo;r;rpf;Fk; filrpfhy epfo;r;rpf;Fk; rk;ge;jk; vd;d? filrp ehl;fspYk;

,JNghy cz;ikahd NjtDila jPHf;fjhprp ahH? fs;sj;jPHf;fjhprp ahH vd;W
fhz;gpf;fg;gLk; xU epfo;r;rp eilngWk;. Mdhy; filrpehl;fspy; mf;fpdpia
nfhz;LtuNghtJ ahH?
ntsp. 13:13 md;wpAk;> mJ kD\Uf;FKd;ghf thdj;jpypUe;J g+kpapd;Nky;
mf;fpdpia ,wq;fg;gz;zj;jf;fjhfg; nghpa mw;Gjq;fis elg;gpj;J>
fs;sj;jPHf;fjhprp thdj;jpypUe;J mf;fpdp ,wq;Fk; jhq;fs; jhd; Njtdhy;
mq;ff
P huk; ngw;wth;fs; vd;gij cyfj;jpw;F fhz;gpf;f nghpa milahsq;fSk;
mw;Gjq;fSk; elj;jpf;fhl;lg;gLk;.
md;W vypah jPHf;fjhprpapd; n[gj;jpw;F gjpy; fpilf;fhky; ghfhypd; jPHf;fjhprp
gjpy; fpilj;jpUe;jhy; vg;gb ,Ue;jpUf;Fk;? cz;ikahd vypah vd;d nra;thH? md;W
rj;JU mw;Gjj;ij nra;a mDkjpf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; ,e;j filrp fhyj;jpNyh Njtd;
mw;Gjk; nra;a mDkjpf;fpwhH.
,d;iwa vypah vd;d nra;thHfs;?
filrpfhy rk;gtk;> gf;fk; 170 ekf;F Kd;ghf tpahjpa];jh;fs;
Fzg;gLj;jg;gLthh;fs;.

ek; fz;fSf;F Kd;ghf mw;Gjq;fs; nra;ag;gLk;. rhj;jh

Dila ngha;ahd mw;Gjq;fs; KO tPr;rpy; elj;jg;gLk;NghJ> ekf;fhff;

fhj;Jf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; Nrhjidiar; re;jpf;f ehk; Maj;jkhf ,Uf;fpd;Nwhkh? - 1T. 302
(1862).
rhj;jhd; rk;ge;jg;gl;bUf;fpd;w mjprakhd fhl;rpfs; ntF rPf;fpuj;jpy; rk;gtpf;Fk;.
rhj;jhd; mjpraq;fisr; nra;thd; vd;W NjtDila thh;j;ij mwptpf;fpd;wJ. mtd;
kdpjiu tpahjpa];juhf;fp> gpd;G mth;fsplkpUe;J rLjpapy; jdJ rhj; jhdpa ty;yikia
tpyf;fptpLthd;. mjd;gpwF> mth;fs; Rfg; gLj;jg;gl;ljhf fUjg;gLthh;fs;. ,g;gbg;gl;l
njspthd Fz khf;Fk; fphpiafshdJ> Vohk;ehs; ml;ntd;b];l; kf;fis
Nrhjidf;Fs;shff; nfhz;LtUk;;.

- 2SM. 53 (1904).

ghpRj;jthd;fspd; nghWik ,jpNy tpsq;Fk;

rhj;jhd; jhd; nra;fpw mw;Gjj;jpd; %yk; ,uh[hf;fis kfh ehspd; Aj;jj;jpw;F

$l;b Nrh;f;fTk; NjtDila gps;isfis mopg;gjw;F kuz Mizia ntspg;gLj;jTk;
$Lfpw ,e;j Aj;jj;jpw;F ngah;jhd; mHknfNjhd; Aj;jk;.
filrpfhy rk;gtk;> gf;fk; - 171 cyfk; KOtijAk; rpiwgpbf;fg;Nghfpd;witfs;
gprhrpd; ,e;jg; ngha; mw;Gjq;fNsahFk;. kdpjhpd; fz;fSf;F Kd;ghf> thdj;jpypUe;J
mf;fpdpiaAk; mtd; tur;nra;thd;.
mw;Gjq;fis mtd; nra;atpUf;fpd;whd;. ,e;j
Mr;rhpakhd mw;Gjq;fs; nra;Ak; mtDila ty;yik KO cyifAk; mtd; gf;fkhfj;
Jilj;J vLj;Jr;nry;Yk; ty;yikahFk;. - 2 SM. 51 (1890).
$Lkhdhy; njhpe;Jnfhs;sg;gl;lth;fisAk; tQ;rpf;fj; jf;fjhf rhj;jhd; tUthd;.
jd;idf; fpwp];J vd;W chpik NfhUthd;. mg;gbahfr; nrhy;yp jd;id khngUk;
kUj;Jt Copaf;fhudhff; fhz;gpj;Jf;nfhz;L mtd; cs;Ns tUthd;. jd;id
Njtndd;W ep&gpf;Fk;gbahf> mtd; thdj;jpypUe;J mf;fpdpia tUk;gbr; nra;thd;. MM. 87, 88 (1903).
tpRthrj;jpypUe;J tpyfpg;Nghd jdJ gpujpepjpfs; %ykhf> rj;JU fphpia nra;thd;
vd;W Ntjthf;fpaj;jpy; nrhy;yg;gl;Ls;sJ. mth;fs; kdpjh;fspd; fz;fSf;F Kd;ghf>
thdj;jpyp Ue;J mf;fpdpiaf;$l tutiof;fj;jf;fjhd mw;Gjj;ij kdpjh; fhZk;gbahf
nra;thh;fs;. - 2SM. 54 (1907).
cz;ikahd mw;Gjj;jpw;Fk; Nghypahd mw;Gjj;jpw;Fk; cs;s tpj;jpahrk; vg;gbg;gl;lJ?
cz;ik
1.
cz;ikahd Fzkspj;jy;
Koikahd eilngWk;.
2.
gpwtp> FUlH> gpwtp rg;ghzp Nghd;w
gpwtp FiwghLfs; Fzkhf;fg;gLk;.
3.
cz;ikahd Fzkspj;jy; cldbahf epiwNtWk;.
4.
cz;ikahd Fzkspj;jy; jd;id
tpsk;gug;gLj;jhJ.
5.
cz;ikahd Fzkhf;Fjy;
rj;jpaj;ij mwptpf;f ,ul;rpg;gpd; ghijapy;
elj;j gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.
6.
cz;ikahd mw;Gjk; gpwUf;F
NjtDila ty;yikia fhz;gpf;Fk;
,lkhf ,Ue;jJ.
7.

mw;Gjk; mikjpahf ele;jJ.

Nghyp
1.

miwFiwahd Rfkspj;jy;.

2.
gpwtp FiwghLfs;
Fzkhf;fg;gLtjpy;iy.
3.

cldbahf my;y.

4.

jd;id tpsk;gug;gLj;JfpwhHfs;.

5.

jq;fs; rigfspy; NrHf;f.

6.
jq;fSila ty;yikia
fhz;gpf;Fk; ,lkhf ,Uf;fpwJ.
7.
mw;Gjq;fs; MHg;ghl;lkhf
elj;jg;gLfpwJ.

rj;JU vt;thW cyfj;ijf; filrp Aj;jj;jpw;F Maj;jkhf;Ffpwhd; vd;W

ghHj;Njhk;.
,d;W cyfj;ij filrp Aj;jj;jpw;F Njtd; vt;thW NjtDila gps;isfis
Maj;jg;gLj;JfpwhH?

rj;jpaj;jpw;F fPo;g;gbfpw tho;f;if Kiw

khngUk; Md;kf
P g; Nghuhl;lk;> mjpfhuk; 39> gf;fk; 806 rj;jpaj;jpd;Nky; Mo;e;j Nerk;>
Ntjhfkj;jpy; Mo;e;j mwpT ,e;j ,uz;Lk; cilatHfs; kl;LNk rhj;jhdpd; ,e;j
tQ;rfj;jpypUe;J jg;g KbAk;@ kw;wgb cyfk; midj;ijAk; mg;gbNa

rpiwg;gpbf;ff;$bajhf mtdJ tQ;rfk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,e;j Vkhw;Wf;fhudpd; (rhj;jhdpd;)

khWNtlj;ij Ntjhfk rhl;rpiaf;nfhz;L kl;LNk fz;Lgpbf;f KbAk;. vy;NyhiuANk
Nrhjpj;Jg;ghHf;ff;$ba fhyk; tUk;. rypj;J> Gilj;J vLg;gjd; %yk;> nka;ahd
fpwp];jtHfs; ahH vd;gJ ep&gpf;fg;gLk;. fs;sf; fpwp];Jthdtd; ghh;g;gjw;Fk;>
Nfl;gjw;Fk; fpwp];Jitg; NghyNt ,Ug;ghd;. Ntjhfkj;ijf;nfhz;L Nrhjpj;jhy;kl;LNk
mtd; nka;f; fpwp];J my;y> ngha;f; fpwp];J vd;gJ njhpa tUk;. ,g;gbahf ,iwtdJ
[dq;fs; jkJ fz;fisAk; ek;ghky; fhJfisAk; ek;ghky; Ntjhfkj;ij kl;LNk
ek;Gfpw mstpw;F mjpy; Nt&d;wp epw;fpwhHfsh? ,e;j khjphp ,f;fl;Lfs; tUk;NghJ>
Ntjhfkj;ij kl;LNk ek;gp epw;f KbAkh? mg;gb mtHfs; epw;gjw;Fj; Njitahd
Maj;jj;ij mtHfs; nra;JKbf;f tpl;Ltplf;$lhJ vd;gjpy; rhj;jhd; ftdKk;
jtdKkha; ,Uf;fpwhd;. mtd; mtHfSila topfis milj;J> mtHfisj;
jpirjpUg;gp> cyfr; nry;tq;fspy; mtHfisr; rpf;fitj;J> fdkhf fisj;Jg;
Nghfr;nra;fpw ghuq;fis mtHfs; Rkf;Fk;gbr;nra;J> ,g;gbahf mtHfsJ ,Ujaq;fspy;
,e;j cyfj;ijf; Fwpj;j rpe;jidfisNa ,lq;nfhs;shky; epug;gp> mtHfs;
Maj;jkhtijj; jhkjg;gLj;Jfpwhd;. mg;gb mtHfs; Maj;jkhf ,uhj Ntisapy;> xU
jpUld; tUtijg;Nghyj; jpBnud;W me;jr; Nrhjidf;fhyk; mtHfs;Nky; tUk;gbr;
nra;aNtz;Lk; vd;gNj rhj;jhdpd; tpUg;gk;.
vOjpapUf;fpwNj vd;W KOikahf NjtDila thHj;ijapd;Nky; Mo;e;j NerKk;>
mijgw;wpmwpTk; kl;LNk rhj;jhdpd; fz;zpf;F jg;gTk; ,Wjp neUf;fbia re;jpf;fTk;
NjtDila gps;isfis jFjpg;gLj;Jk;. mw;Gjj;ij Kjd;ikahf itf;fhj Copak;
mjhtJ ek; fz;fis ek;ghky;> fhJfis ek;ghky; my;yJ ekJ xt;nthU
czHTfis ek;ghky;; ekJ xt;nthU topelj;JjYf;Fk; Ntjj;ij ek;gNtz;Lk;.
mg;NghJ Ngijahf ,Ue;jhYk; jpirf;nfl;Lg; Nghfhjgbf;F rj;JUtpd; rfy
tQ;rfj;jpypUe;Jk; fhf;fg;gLNthk;.
rj;jpaj;jpw;F fPo;g;gbfpw tho;f;if Kiw.
rj;jpaj;ij mq;ff
P hpg;gjpd; %ykhf
2 njr. 2:10-12- nfl;Lg;Nghfpwth;fSf;Fs;Ns mePjpapdhy; cz;lhFk; rfytpj
tQ;rfj;NjhLk; ,Uf;Fk;. ,ul;rpf;fg;glj;jf;fjha;r; rj;jpaj;jpd;NkYs;;s md;ig mth;fs;
mq;fpfhpahkw;Nghdbahy; mg;gb elf;Fk;.
Mifahy; rj;jpaj;ij tpRthrpahky; mePjpapy; gphpag;gLfpw ahtUk;
Mf;fpidf;Fs;shf;fg;gLk;gbf;F>
mth;fs; ngha;ia tpRthrpf;fj;jf;fjhff; nfhba tQ;rfj;ijj; Njtd; mth;fSf;F
mDg;Gthh;.
rj;jpaj;ij mq;ff
P hpg;gjpd; %ykhfTk; rj;jpaj;ij tpRthrpg;gjpd;%ykhfTk; ePjpapy;
gphpag;gLtjpd; %ykhfTk; NjtDila gps;isfis cyfj;jpd; filrp Aj;jj;jpw;F
Njtd; Maj;jg;gLj;JfpwhH.
vgpnuaH 2:3>4 KjyhtJ fh;j;jh; %ykha; mwptpf;fg;gl;L> gpd;G mthplj;jpy;
Nfl;lth;fshNy ekf;F cWjpahf;fg;gl;lJk;>

10

milahsq;fspdhYk; mw;Gjq;fspdhYk; gytpjkhd gyj;j nra;iffspdhYk;> jk;Kila

rpj;jj;jpd;gb gfph;e;JnfhLj;j ghpRj;j Mtpapd; tuq;fspdhYk;> Njtd; jhNk rhl;rp
nfhLj;jJkhapUf;fpw ,t;tsT nghpjhd ,ul;rpg;igf;Fwpj;J ehk;
ftiyaw;wpUg;Nghkhdhy; jz;lidf;F vg;gbj; jg;gpj;Jf;nfhs;SNthk;.
Njtd; ekf;F ntspg;gLj;Jfpw rj;jpaj;ij Fwpj;J mf;fiwNahbUg;gJ.
Njtd; ,d;W cyfj;jpd; kdkhw;wj;jpw;F vij nra;aNtz;Lnkd;W vjpHg;ghHf;fpwhH?
Y}f;fh 16:27-31 mg;nghOJ mtd;: mg;gbahdhy;> jfg;gNd> vdf;F Ie;JNgh;
rNfhjuUz;L> mth;fSk; NtjidAs;s ,e;j ,lj;Jf;F tuhjgb> mtd; Ngha;
mth;fSf;Fr; rhl;rpahf mwptpf;Fk;nghUl;L>
ePh; mtid vd; jfg;gd; tPl;Lf;F mDg;Gk;gb ck;ik Ntz;bf;nfhs;SfpNwd; vd;whd;.
Mgpufhk; mtid Nehf;fp: mth;fSf;F NkhNrAk; jPh;f;fjhprpfSk; cz;L> mth;fSf;F
mth;fs; nrtp nfhLf;fl;Lk; vd;whd;.
mjw;F mtd;: mg;gbay;y> jfg;gdhfpa MgpufhNk> khpj;NjhhpypUe;J xUtd;
mth;fsplj;jpw;Fg; Nghdhy; kde;jpUk;Gthh;fs; vd;whd;.
mjw;F mtd;: mth;fs; NkhNrf;Fk; jPh;f;fjhprpfSf;Fk; nrtpnfhlhtpl;lhy;>
khpj;NjhhpypUe;J xUtd; vOe;JNghdhYk;> ek;gkhl;lhh;fs; vd;W nrhd;dhd; vd;whh;.
mw;Gjq;fspdhy; khj;jpuk; khw;wj;ij nfhz;LtuKbahJ. cyfj;ij Njtd;
,ul;rpf;f itj;jpUf;Fk; Nkyhd top NjtDila thHj;ij kl;LNk. NjtDila
thHj;ijf;F nrtprha;f;fhj ,UjaKila egHfSf;F Kd;ghf mw;Gjq;fs; xU
khw;wj;ijAk; nfhz;LtuKbahJ.
cjhuzk;: ghHNthd;.
gj;J thijfSf;F (mw;Gjq;fSf;F) gpd;Gk; filrpahf nrq;fly; ,uz;lhf
gphpe;jpUg;gij ghHf;Fk;NghjthJ mtd; czh;e;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; mtd;
Jzpfukhf nrq;flYf;Fs; GFe;J jdJ [Ptid ,oe;JNghdhd;.
1.
gpujhd MrhhpaHfs; kj;NjA 28:10-15 mg;nghOJ ,NaR mth;fis Nehf;fp: gag;glhjpUq;fs;@ ePq;fs; Ngha;>
vd; rNfhjuh; fypNyahTf;Fg;NghFk;gb mth;fSf;Fr; nrhy;Yq;fs;@ mq;Nf mth;fs;
vd;idf; fhz;ghh;fs; vd;whh;.
mth;fs; Nghifapy;> fhty;Nrtfhpy; rpyh; efuj;Jf;Fs;Ns te;J> ele;j ahtw;iwAk;
gpujhd MrhhpaUf;F mwptpj;jhh;fs;.
,th;fs; %g;gNuhNl $bte;J> MNyhridgz;zp> NrtfUf;F Ntz;ba gzj;ijf;
nfhLj;J.
ehq;fs; epj;jpiugz;Zifapy;> mtDila rP\h;fs; ,uhj;jphpapNy te;J> mtidf;
fstha;f; nfhz;L Ngha;tpl;lhh;fs;. vd;W nrhy;Yq;fs;.
,J Njrhjpgjpf;Ff; Nfs;tpahdhy;> ehq;fs; mtiur; rk;kjg;gLj;jp> cq;fisj;
jg;Gtpg;Nghk; vd;whh;fs;.
mth;fs; gzj;ij thq;fpf; nfhz;L> jq;fSf;Fg; Nghjpf;fg;gl;lgbNa nra;jhh;fs;. ,e;jg;
Ngr;R a+jUf;Fs;Ns ,e;ehs;tiuf;Fk; gpurpj;jkhapUf;fpwJ.
fpwp];J capHnjOe;jij fz;l rhl;rpfshf Nuhk ehl;L NghHNrth;fs; ,Ue;jhHfs;.
,g;NghJ mij Nfs;tpg;gl;l gpuhjhd Mrhhpah;fs; jq;fs; jtiw xj;Jf;nfhs;shky;
fpwp];J mtUila rP\Hfshy; fstha; nfhz;LNghfg;gl;ljhf ngha; nrhy;tjw;F $yp

11

nfhLj;jhHfs;. NjtDila thHj;ijf;F nrtprha;f;fhj

Kd;ghf mw;Gjq;fs; xU khw;wj;ijAk; nfhz;LtuKbahJ.

,UjaKila

egHfSf;F

filrpfhy rk;gtk;> gf;fk; 208>209 mw;Gj ntspg;ghLfshy;> xUNghJk; NtjkhdJ

xJf;fpj; js;sg;glKbahJ.
rj;jpakhdJ gbf;fg;glNtz;Lk;>
GijAz;bUf;fpd;w
nghf;fp\j;ijj; NjLtJNghy rj;jpakhdJ
Njlg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Ntjthf;fpaq;fisj;
jtph;j;J NtW vjd; %ykhfTk;> mw;Gj rj;jpa ntspg;ghLfs; nfhLf;fg;glkhl;lhJ
my;yJ Ntjthf;fpaq;fspd; ,lj;ij NtW vJTk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;sTk; KbahJ. Ntj
thh;j;ijiag; gpbj;Jf;nfhs;Sq;fs;> kdpjiu ,ul;rpg;Gf;Nfw;w Qhdthd;fshf;ff;$ba> kdjpy;
Cd;w itf;Fk; Ntj thHj;;ijiag; ngw;Wf;nfhs;Sq;fs;. - 2SM. 48 (1894).
filrp khngUk; tQ;rfk; tpiutpy; ek;Kd;; jpwf;f ,Uf;fpd;wJ. ek; fz;fSf;F
Kd;ghf me;jpf;fpwp];J jdJ mjprakhd fphpiafisr; nra;a ,Uf;fpd;whd;. Vwf;Fiwa
cz;ikiag; Nghd;Nw me;jg; NghypAk; kpf neUf;fkhf xj;jpUf;fg;Nghtjpdhy;> ghpRj;j Ntj
vOj;Jf;fisj; jtpu NtW vijf;nfhz;Lk; mitfSf;F eLtpYs;s tpj;jpahrj;ijf;
fz;lwpa KbahJ. mitfspd; rhl;rpiaf; nfhz;L> xt;nthU $w;Wk; xt;nthU
mw;GjKk; Nrhjpj;Jg; ghh;f;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

- GC. 593 (1911).

NkYk; filrp ehl;fspy; Nghypahd mw;Gjq;fis nra;tjpy; rhj;jhd; jdJ

ty;yikia gad;gLj;Jtjpdhy; Njtd; ,e;j mw;Gjkhf;Fk; KiwfspdhNy Copak;
nra;tijj; jil nra;fpwhHfs;.
filrpfhy rk;gtk;> gf;fk; 173 - fpwp];J CopaQ;nra;jtpjnky;yhk; Ntjthf;fpaq;fisg;
Nghjpg;gJk;>
Fzkhf;Fk;
mw;Gjkhd
fphpiafs;
%ykhf
Ntjidg;gLNthiu
tpLtpg;gJNk MFk;. Mdhy; mw;Gjq;fisr; nra;tjpd; %yk;> rhj;jhd; jdJ
ty;yikiag; gad;gLj;Jthd;. Mjyhy; ,g;NghJ ehk; ,e;j KiwapNy Copak; nra;a
KbahJ
vd;W
ehd;
typAWj;jg;gl;Nld;.
vdNt>
nja;tPf
ty;yik
vd;W
nrhy;ypf;nfhz;L Nghypahd Rfkspf;Fk; mw;Gjq;fs; nra;ag;gLfpd;wgbahy;> NjtDila
Copaf;fhuh;fs; ,d;W mw;Gjq;fspd; topahf CopaQ;nra;a ,ayhJ. - 2SM. 54 (1904).
nra;ag;gLfpd;w mw;Gjq;fisr; rhj;jhd; Nghypahd mw;Gjq;fshfr;
nra;Jfhl;Ltjhy;> mw;Gjq;fs; nra;tjpy; NjtDila kf;fs; jq;fsJ ghJfhg;igf;
fz;Lnfhs;s khl;lhh;fs;. - 9T. 16 (1909).
tpijf;f xU fhyKz;L mWf;f xU fhyKz;L. mJNghy mw;Gjk; nra;a xU
fhyKz;L> mw;Gjk; nra;ahky; ,Uf;f xU fhyKz;L.
ePH NjtDila Fkhudhdhy; fw;fis mg;gq;fshf;Fk;> rpYitapypUe;J ,wq;fp th
vd;wNghJk;> VNuhJ fpwp];Jtpd; %ykhf VjhtJ xU milahsk; mw;Gjkhf nra;J
fhz;gpf;fg;gLk; vd;W tpUk;gpdhd; (Y}f;fh 23:8>9). mq;Fk; fpwp];J nksdkhfNt xU
mw;Gjj;ijAk; nra;ahjtuhfNt fhzg;gl;lhH.
Njitahd Neuj;jpy; fpwp];J mw;Gjk; nra;jJNghy gpd;khhp Cw;wg;gLk;NghJ
cz;ikahd rj;jpak; vd;why; vd;d vd;Wk; cz;ikahd mw;Gjk; vd;why; vd;d vd;Wk;
ep&gpf;Fk;gbahf Njtdila gps;isfspd; Copak; kpfTk; kfpikAs;sjhf fhzg;gLk;.
filrpfhy rk;gtk;> gf;fk; 208>209 nge;njnfh];Nj ehspd; rk;gtq;fs; md;iwf;F
ele;j ijf;fhl;bYk; ,d;Dk; mjpf ty;yikNahL kPz;Lk; vg;NghJ elf;Fk; vd;W me;j
Neuj;ijf; fhZk;gbahf> xU Cf;fkhd Vf;fj;Jld; ehd; Kd;Ndhf;fpg;

12

ghh;j;Jf;nfhz;bUf;fpd;Nwd;. gpd;G NtnwhU J}jd; kpFe;j mjpfhuKilatdha;

thdj;jpypUe;J ,wq;fptuf; fz;Nld;@ mtDila kfpikapdhy; G+kp gpufhrkhapw;W> (ntsp
18:1) vd;W Nahthd; $Wfpd;whh;. mg;NghJ nge;njnfh];Nj fhyj;jpy; ele;jJNghy>
xt;nthUtUk; mtutH ghi\apNy rj;jpak; Ngrg;glf; Nfl;ghh;fs;.

- 6BC. 1055 (1886).

NjtDila Copaf;fhuh;fs;> xspNaw;wg;ngw;w gpufhrpf;fpd;w ghpRj;j xg;gilg;GlDk;>

gpufhrpf;fg;gl;l jq;fs; Kfq;fSlDk;> guNyhfj;jpypUe;J tUfpd;w J}ij mspg;gjw;Fj;
Jhpjkhf xU ,lj;jpypUe;J kw;nwhU ,lj;jpw;Fr; nry;thh;fs;. cyfk; KOtjpYkhf
Mapuf;fzf;fhd Fuy;fs; %yk; vr;rhpg;G nfhLf;fg;gLk;. mw;Gjq;fs; nra;ag;gLk;>
tpahjpa];jh;fs; Fzkhf;fg;gLth;> mw;Gjq;fSk; milahsq;fSk; tpRthrpfis
gpd;njhlUk;.

- GC. 611, 612 (1911).

mw;Gjk; ,Ug;gjhy; mq;F rj;jpak; ,Ug;gJNghy fhl;LtJjhd; rj;JUtpd;

kpfg;nghpa tQ;rfkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. ehk; ekJ fz;fis> fhJfis> czHTfis ek;ghky;
jhprpj;J my;y rj;jpaj;ij tpRthrpj;J elg;gjpd; %ykhfTk; ek;ik ghJfhj;Jf;nfhs;s
KbAk;. mJkl;Lky;yhky; ekJ tho;f;ifapy; Vw;gLk; kdkhw;wNk. nghpa mw;Gjk;
vd;gij czH;e;jtHfshf mg;gbg;gl;l mw;Gjj;ij ekJ tho;f;ifapy; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s
NjtDf;F ek;ik xg;Gf;nfhLg;Nghk;. fHj;jH jhNk ek; xt;nthUtH tho;f;ifapYk;
mg;gbg;gl;l mw;Gjj;ij elj;Jthuhf. Mnkd;.