Electrical Terms.

Explanations.
Earthing.
Earthing can be achieved by cable or a metal substance being connected to earth. So if
a fault occurs, the current will return directly to earth, which forms the circuit of least
resistance.
Isolation.
Isolation is shutting off the supply to an item. A complete disconnection from the power
supply. This is not the same as switching off.
Reduced Low Voltage.
A reduction of mains voltage using a transformer to reduce from 110 Volts 55 Volts.
Used in severe working conditions.
Insulation.
The conductor is covered with insulating material. The aim is to protect people from an
electric shock.
Fuse.
If overload occurs the thin piece of wire will melt, ensuring the circuit or equipment
becomes safe.
Circuit Breakers.
Similar to a fuse, but the action consists of a switch being thrown, when excess current
passes.
Residual Current Devices.
This compares and monitors the flow between live and neutral power lines and will trip if
there is any defect.
Overheating of Conductors.
This may occur due to poor insulation, maintenance or overloading the conductor with
current flow.
Short Circuit.
If the circuit is broken by a fault, the current flows directly to earth rather than the piece
of equipment it was meant for.
Arcing.

Someone who is connected to earth and too close to a high voltage conductor may
suffer flash burns due to sparks arising from arcing.
Electrical Hazards.

Electric shock.
Burns.
Explosions.
Fires.
Secondary hazards (such as, falls from height due to an electric shock).