Alkanes Ive found, only chemically react

With the halogens and then only under UV,

The first step involves homolytic fission to
Make two radicals to start the substitution

We never substitute with alkenes though

And thats because they undergo
Addition reactions alone
Add things to the double bond

Add water, get an alcohol

Heat the water up, so it turns to steam
The catalyst, sulfuric acid
Lowers energy of activation

When you react, an alkene with some bromine

Get a dibromoalkane at room temperature
For hydrogen, an alkane is the product
It needs hundreds of degrees and nickel catalyst

We havent mentioned the reaction of

Alkenes with hydrogen halides

It happens at room temperature

Makes a halogenoalkane

Ethanol, primary alcohol,

We will oxidise with dichromate ion
Needs some heat, acid catalyst
How much heat dictates what product you make

Make aldehydes, you must distill

The aldehydes dipole-dipole
Forces make them more volatile
You must reflux to make carboxylic acids

If its not primary alcohol

Might not oxidise, or might make ketone
Tertiary wont react at all
Colour will not change from orange to green

With lone pairs, the hydroxide ion

Is a nucleophile and can substitute
On carbon, cause its positive
Makes haloalkanes into alcohols

With curly arrows, the electrons I will show

Moving from where they are now
To where they want to be