Abstract algebra was developed in the 19th century, deriving from the interest in solving

equations, initially focusing on what is now calledGalois theory, and on constructibility issues.
[25]
George Peacock was the founder of axiomatic thinking in arithmetic and algebra. Augustus De
Morgan discovered relation algebra in his Syllabus of a Proposed System of Logic. Josiah
Willard Gibbs developed an algebra of vectors in three-dimensional space, and Arthur
Cayley developed an algebra of matrices (this is a noncommutative algebra).[26]