RABIES

S.HUDIYONO
NURSING DIVISION
HEALTH POLITECHNIC
SEMARANG

DEFINITION

. From Latin: rabies,

"madness") is a viral disease that causes

acute encephalitis (inflammation of the

brain) in warm-blooded animals.[1] It is
zoonotic (i.e., transmitted by animals), most
commonly by a bite from an infected
animal.
For a human, rabies is almost invariably
fatal if post-exposure prophylaxis is not
administered prior to the onset of severe
symptoms.
The rabies virus infects the central nervous
system, ultimately causing disease in the
brain and death.

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS

Rabies is viral disease of animal and man,

transmitted by infected saliva which gains
entry into the body by a bite or opened
wound .
Rabies in man is usually due to the bite of
an infected dogs, cats, wolves, bats.
Incubation period range from 10 days to 2
years, but usually 2-3 weeks .
The viral travels in the nerves to brain,
multiple there and then migrates along the
afferent nerves to the salivary glands .

Symptom and signs

A history of animal bites
Pain appears at the site of bite area
Followed by tingling
The skin is quite sensitive to change
of temperature, especially air current
Drinking cause extremely painful,
laryngeal spasm so that patient
refuses to drink and it makes of
hydrophobia
Restlessness and muscle spasm
including laryngeal spasm , and
extreme excitability .
Blowing on the back of patient neck
will often precipitate a convulsion
Large amount of saliva are present

CLINICAL
FINDINGS

LABORATORY FINDINGS

Sick or dead animal should be examined

for rabies disease.
Biting animals should be kept under
observation
The brain of animal tested and examined
by fluorescent antibody technic .

TREATMENT
Consist of absolute quite
and rarely stimulation.
Sedation as in tetanus for
preventing convulsion .
No specific measures are
available
Diet supply with a tender
nutrition adequately .
Antibiotic for severe
infected wound

NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Pain related to infected wound
Risk for respiratory failure related to
accumulated secret and over saliva
Risk for altered nutrition related to
laryngeal spasm .
Personal deficit hygiene related to
restlessness

INTERVENTION

Scale pain regular measurement

Collaborate medication to reduce spasm
Insert NGT
Kept pt in a cooled room rare from noisy
Maintain the adequate nutrition supply
Place under bed plank
Help all the ADL
Give mental support

SELAMAT BELAJAR
SEKIAN.....