Space heating, cooling, and ventilation account for the largest amount of end-use energy consumption in

both commercial and residential buildings. In the commercial sector they are responsible for 34 percent
for energy used on site and 31 percent of primary energy use. In the residential sector, space heating and
cooling are responsible for 52 percent of energy used on site, and 39 percent of primary energy use

DATACOLLECTION EXPERIMENT

IMPLEMENTATION

The energy consumption of building HVAC

systems constitutes 14 % of the primary energy consumption in the U.S (DOE, 2003), and
about 32% of the electricity generated in the U.S (ASHRAE, 2000).

Previous researches on AFDD:

1#.
Frey, Donald. Smith, Vernon. Architectural Energy Corporation. 2008. Advanced Automated
HVAC Fault Detection And Diagnostics Commercialization Program. California Energy
Commission. Publication number: CEC5002013054.
The major results of this research were:
Creating a webenabled heating, ventilation, and air conditioning automated diagnostics
system that detects and reports significant faults.

 Developing automated methods for determining and setting appropriate control factors
for assuring valid detecting and reporting of faults and avoiding or minimizing false
reporting of faults.
Creating a specification for a costeffective advanced packaged rooftop air conditioner.
Developing enhanced fault detection and diagnostic methods.
Making technical improvements to an airflow measurement device to increase accuracy
and improve data input and output.

2#.A Model-Based Fault Detection and Diagnostic Methodology for

Secondary HVAC Systems at Drexel University

Objectives:

1) a dynamic AHU simulation model that can simulate both fault free and faulty operation data and
that is validated using experimental data; and
2) better AFDD methodologies for an AHU system
3#
A Bayesian Approach for Predicting Building Cooling and Heating Consumption and
Applications in Fault Detection-Bin Yan UPenn
This research focused on the use of Gaussian Process regression along with the Bayesian modeling to
achieve AFDD.
4#

Fault Detection and Diagnosis in Building HVAC Systems at UC Berkeley

This research focused on the use of model based and non-model based diagnostic algorithms capable
of dealing with the modeling and measurement constraints more effectively. The complexity of the
calculation of these constraints makes the fault diagnostics unmanageable.