Basic Electrical

Engineering
B A S I C C I RC U I T C O N C E P T S

Engr. Arvin Regenald F. Roxa

Registered Electrical Engineer

What comes to mind?

1. VOLTAGE
2. CURRENT
3. RESISTANCE

It all starts with. C _H _A R

_ G_ E_ _

Opposite charges attract

Similar charges repel

Charge and Electricity

Charge is a property that causes a
material to experience force when near
a magnetic field.
Protons have positive charge (+)
Electrons have negative charge (-)
Neutrons have no charge (0)

Electricity is the movement of

electrons.

Electric Potential / Voltage

Voltage
difference in charge between two
points
Pressure / force that pushes the
electrons
Unit is volt (V)

Current
Current
flow of electrons
amount of charge flowing

Unit is ampere (I)

Resistance
Resistance
resists the flow of charge

Unit is ohm ()

The human body skin has an average

resistance of 100,000 when dry

and 1,000 when wet.

Power
Power
amount of energy consumed at
a given time
rate at which electric energy is
transferred
Unit is watt (W)

Ohms Law

Ohms Law
Ohms Law is the relationship of
voltage (V), current (I) and
resistance (R).

Current is directly proportional to

voltage and inversely to
resistance

Ohms Law

Ohms Law
?

Ohms Law

Ohms Law

Ohms Law - Power

Power can be calculated
using the following formula:

Power is equal to Current

multiplied by the Voltage

Basic Circuits

Battery

Resistor

Practice Problems

Sample Problem 1
An 8 resistor is connected across a 24V battery. Calculate the
current flowing in the circuit.

Sample Problem 2
A flat iron is rated 1000 W. If the current flowing through it is 5A,
calculate the resistance of the flat iron.

V
V

Questions?

Seatwork no.1

(bond paper, to be passed on Dec.12,

2014 4:30pm EE Dept)

1. Define voltage, current, resistance using not more than 5 words.
2. A 9-volt battery is connected across a 150-ohm resistor. Calculate the
current flowing in the circuit.
3. A Light-Emitting Diode has a maximum current rating of 20mA. If a 24v car
battery is connected across it, what resistance must be connected in the
circuit so that the LED will function safely?
4. In a certain high way, there are cars and tollbooths. Illustrate the
relationship of voltage, current and resistance by using their analogy to a
common highway scenario. Also include the equivalent of car and highway to
an electric circuit.
5. A 12-volt battery is connected on a resistor of 8 ohms. Draw the equivalent
circuit and compute for current and power.