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M M G M: /: Rate Flow: Rate Flow Mass & & &
M M G M: /: Rate Flow: Rate Flow Mass & & &
Holbert
8/31/2007
Furnace/Boiler/
Reactor
3
Qadd
Turbine
Wpump
Feedwater
Pump
Qcond
th =
Condenser
Critical Point
3
Superheated Steam
(Tables A-3 & A-5)
con
sta
nt
h(T , p) = h f (T ) + f (T ) [ p p sat (T )]
p=
Temperature, T
Compressed Liquid :
(T , p) f (T )
con
sta
nt
Compressed
Liquid
(Table A-3)
p=
Saturated
liquid (f)
line
Wturb = Pgross
Generator
Reversible
(Ideal)
Irreversible
(Actual)
Saturated Steam
(Tables A-1, A-2, A-4a, A-4b)
2'
2
Saturated
vapor (g)
line
x
1
4'
Quality (x)
Entropy, s
; Pump: (Q = 0; s2 = s1)
ideal
W pump
= m& (h2 h1 ) m& 1 ( p2 p1 )
ideal
Wturb
= m& (h3 h4 )
actual
W pump
= m& (h2' h1 ) m& 1 ( p2' p1 )
actual
Wturb
= m& (h3 h4' )
pump =
ideal
W pump
actual
W pump
hideal
h h
=
= 2 1
hactual h2' h1
; Heating: (W = 0)
Qadd = m& (h3 h2 / 2' )
Steam Quality : x =
T-S_diagram
; Turbine: (Q = 0; s4 = s3)
turb =
actual
Wturb
ideal
Wturb
hactual h3 h4'
=
h3 h4
hideal
; Condenser: (W = 0)
Qcond = m& (h4 / 4' h1 )
hx h f
sx s f x f
mass of vapor
=
=
=
mass of liquid & vapor hg h f
sg s f g f
Rankine Cycle