SHS Joints Worked Example

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SHS Joints Worked Example
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CHS Gap K-joint, Axial Capacity
References are to Corus publication Design of SHS welded joints
-500 kN
400 kN
CHS 139.7x5.0
45
-1000 kN
CHS 114.3x3.6
40
45
CHS 219.1x12.5
All material EN 10210 S355J2H
-1636 kN
Parameter limits
d0/t0 50
d0/t0 = 219.1/12.5 = 17.53
PASS
di/ti 50
d1/t1 = 139.7/5 = 27.94

d2/t2 = 114.3/3.6 = 31.75
PASS
PASS
di/d0 0.2
d1/d0 = 139.7/219.1 = 0.64

d2/d0 = 114.3/219.1 = 0.52
PASS
PASS
g t 1 + t2
40 5 + 3.6 = 8.6 mm
PASS
30 i 90
1 = 45
2 = 45
PASS
PASS
-0.55 d0 e +0.25 d0
e = 0 mm
-0.55 x 219.1 e +0.25 x 219.1
-120.5 e +54.8
5.1.1 Table 6
(page 20)
3.1
(page 9)
PASS
Care has been taken to ensure that this information is accurate, but Corus Group plc, including its subsidiaries, does not accept responsibility or liability for errors or
information which is found to be misleading.
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Chord face deformation

Note: Brace 1 usually designated compression and brace 2 tension.
Compression brace (1):

5.1.3
(page 21)
N1,Rd
f y0 t 0
d
1.8 + 10.2 1 f (g) f (n p )
=
sin 1
d0
where,
Gap/lap function f(g)
Using formulae:
f (g) =
0 .2
0.024 1.2
1 +
1 + exp (0.5 g / t 0 1.33 )
Note: g is positive for a gap and negative for an overlap
d0
219.1
=
= 8.764
2 t 0 2 12.5
0.024 8.764 1.2

f (g) = 8.764 0.2 1 +
1 + exp(0.5 40 / 12.5 1.33 )
Using graph:
Formulae
Graph
from graph;
f(g) = 1.761
where;
g/to = 40/12.5 = 3.2
do/to = 219.1/12.5
do/to = 17.528
5.1.2 Graph
(page
5.1.2
20) Fig. 22
(page
21)
7.1
(page
43)
f (g) = 1.761
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CHS chord end load function f(np)

Using formulae:
f (n p ) = 1 + 0 . 3
p
fy0
p
0 .3
f
y0
Using graph:
but 1.0
CHS chord least compressive

stress p;
p =
A0
Mip,0 + Mop,0
p =
Np,0
A0
Mip,0 + Mop,0
Wel,0
Note: Moment part is additive to compressive

stress which is negative, hence minus sign for
moments. For CHS chords use least compressive
chord stress.
p =
p = 123.30 N / mm 2
p = 123.30 N / mm 2
1. 0
5.1.2
(page
20)
1000 1000
81.1 10 2
CHS chord stress ratio;
f (np ) = 0.860
5.1.2
(page
20)
Wel,0
1000 1000
p =
81.1 10 2
123.3
123.3
f (np ) = 1 + 0.3
0.3
355
355
5.1.2
(page
20)

moments. For CHS chords use least
compressive chord stress.
Graph
where;
stress p;
where;
Np,0
Formulae
f y0
123.30
= 0.347
355
from graph;
f(np) = 0.860
5.1.2
(page
20)
5.1.2
Graph
Fig. 21
(page
21)
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N1,Rd =
355 12.5 2
139.7
1.8 + 10.2
1.761 0.860
sin 45
219.1
N1,Rd = 986 kN
Tension brace (2):

N2,Rd =
sin 1
sin 45
986
N1,Rd =
sin 45
sin 2
5.1.3
(page 21)
N2,Rd = 986 kN
Chord punching shear

(valid when di d0 - 2t0)
Ni,Rd =
f y 0 t 0 di
3
1 + sin i
2 sin 2 i
5.1.3
(page 22)
Brace (1):
N1,Rd =
355 12.5 139.7 1 + sin 45
2 sin 2 45
3
N1,Rd = 1919 kN
Brace (2):
N2,Rd =
355 12.5 114.3 1 + sin 45
2 sin 2 45
3
N2,Rd = 1570 kN
Joint strength dictated by chord face deformation for both bracings;
Brace 1 joint capacity,
N1,Rd = 986 kN
N2,Rd = 986 kN
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CHS Overlap K-joint, Axial Capacity
-500 kN
400 kN
CHS 139.7x5.0
e = -42.2
-1000 kN
CHS 114.3x3.6
-45
45
45
CHS 219.1x12.5
-1636 kN
Parameter limits
d0/t0 50
d0/t0 = 219.1/12.5 = 17.53
PASS
di/ti 50
d1/t1 = 139.7/5 = 27.94

d2/t2 = 114.3/3.6 = 31.75
PASS
PASS
di/d0 0.2
d1/d0 = 139.7/219.1 = 0.64

d2/d0 = 114.3/219.1 = 0.52
PASS
PASS
25% Overlap 100%
Overlap = g sin i /di x 100%

Overlap = 45 sin 45 / 114.3 x 100%
Overlap = 27.8%
25% 27.8% 100%
PASS
30 i 90
1 = 45
2 = 45
-0.55 d0 e +0.25 d0
e = -42.2 mm
-0.55 x 219.1 e +0.25 x 219.1
-120.5 e +54.8
5.1.1 Table 6
(page 20)
7.1 Fig. 31
(page 43,44)
PASS
PASS
3.1
(page 9)
PASS
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2
N1,Rd
f y0 t 0
d
1.8 + 10.2 1 f (g) f (n p )
=
sin 1
d0
5.1.3 (page 21)
where,
Gap/lap function f(g)
Using formulae:
f (g) =
0 .2
0.024 1.2
1
+
1 + exp (0.5 g / t 0 1.33 )
Note: g is positive for a gap and negative for an overlap
d0
219.1
=
= 8.764
2 t 0 2 12.5
f (g) = 8.764
0 .2
0.024 8.764 1.2

1 +
1 + exp(0.5 ( 45 ) / 12.5 1.33 )
Using graph:
Formulae
Graph
from graph;
f(g) = 2.024
where;
g/to = -45/12.5 = -3.6
do/to = 219.1/12.5
do/to = 17.528
5.1.2 Graph
(page
5.1.2
20) Fig. 22
(page
21)
7.1
(page
43)
f (g) = 2.024
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CHS chord end load function f(np)

Using formulae:
f (n p ) = 1 + 0 . 3
p
fy0
p
0 .3
f
y0
Using graph:
but 1.0

stress p;
p =
A0
Mip,0 + Mop,0
p =
Np,0
A0
Mip,0 + Mop,0
Wel,0

moments. For CHS chords use least compressive
chord stress.
p =
p = 123.30 N / mm 2
p = 123.30 N / mm 2
1. 0
5.1.2
(page
20)
1000 1000
81.1 10 2
CHS chord stress ratio;
f (np ) = 0.860
5.1.2
(page
20)
Wel,0
1000 1000
p =
81.1 10 2
123.3
123.3
f (np ) = 1 + 0.3
0.3
355
355
5.1.2
(page
20)

moments. For CHS chords use least
Graph
where;
stress p;
where;
Np,0
Formulae
f y0
123.30
= 0.347
355
from graph;
f(np) = 0.860
5.1.2
(page
20)
5.1.2
Graph
Fig. 21
(page
21)
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N1,Rd
139.7
355 12.5 2
=
1.8 + 10.2
2.024 0.860
219.1
sin 45
N1,Rd = 1134 kN
Tension brace (2):

N2,Rd =
sin 1
sin 45
1134
N1,Rd =
sin 45
sin 2
5.1.3
(page 21)
N2,Rd = 1134 kN
Chord punching shear check not required for overlapping bracings.
Joint strength dictated by chord face deformation for both bracings;
N1,Rd = 1134 kN
N2,Rd = 1134 kN
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RHS Gap K-joint, Axial Capacity
SHS 120 x 120 x 5
-650 kN
650 kN
40
45
45
5
-1000 kN
RHS 200 x 200 x 10

-1920 kN
Parameter limits
b0/t0 35
h0/t0 35
b0/t0 = 200/10 = 20
h0/t0 = 200/10 = 20
bi/ti ; hi/ti 35 and 34.5(275/fyi) = 30.4 compression brace

b1/t1 = 120/5 = 24
h1/t1 = 120/5 = 24
bi/ti ; hi/ti 35 tension brace
b2/t2 = 120/5 = 24
h2/t2 = 120/5 = 24
PASS
PASS
PASS
PASS
PASS
PASS
bi/b0 0.35 and 0.1+0.01 b0/t0 = 0.3

b1/b0 = 120/200 = 0.6
b2/b0 = 120/200 = 0.6
PASS
PASS
g t 1 + t2
PASS
40 5 + 5 = 10 mm
0.5(b0-(b1+b2)/2) g 1.5(b0-(b1+b2)/2)
g = 40 mm
0.5(200-(120+120)/2) g 1.5(200-(120+120)/2)
40 g 120 mm
30 i 90
1 = 45
2 = 45
-0.55 h0 e +0.25 h0
e = 5 mm
-0.55 x 200 e +0.25 x 200
-110 e +50
5.2.1 Table 7
(page 25)
PASS
PASS
PASS
2.1
(page 4)
3.1
(page 9)
PASS
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Chord face deformation brace 1


N1,Rd =
6. 3 f y 0 t 0
sin 1
5.2.3
(page 28)
b 0 b 1 + h1 + b 2 + h 2
f (n)
4 b0
t 0
where,
RHS chord end load function f(n)
Using formulae:
f (n) = 1.3 +
0. 4 0
f y0
RHS chord most compressive

stress 0;
120 + 120
=
= 0 .6
2 200
2b0
0 =
N0
A0
M ip,0
W el, ip,0
M op,0
W el, op,0
1920 1000
74.9 10 2
f (n) = 0.819
0.4 ( 256 .34 )

355 0.6
1 .0
M ip,0
W el, ip,0
M op,0
W el, op,0
5.2.2
(page
25)
7.1
(page
43)
5.2.2
(page
25)
RHS chord stress ratio;
from graph;
1 .0
5.2.2
(page
25)
0 = 256.34 N / mm 2
0 256.34
=
= 0.722
f y0
355
0 = 256.34 N / mm 2
f (n ) = 1.3 +
A0
1920 1000
0 =
74.9 10 2

moments. For RHS chords use most compressive
chord stress.
0 =
N0
Graph

moments. For RHS chords use most

stress 0;
0 =
Formulae
where;
but 1.0
where;
b 1 + b2
Using graph:
for
b i 120
=
= 0 .6
b 0 200
5.2.2
(page
25)
5.2.2
Graph
Fig. 23
(page
26)
f(n) = 0.819
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N1,Rd =
6.3 355 10 2
200 120 + 120 + 120 + 120
0.819
sin 45
4 200
10
N1,Rd = 695 kN
Chord shear check brace 1

Ni,Rd =
fy0 A v
5.2.3
(page 28)
3 sin i
where
1
=
4 g2
1
+
2
3 t 0
0 .5
=
2
1 + 4 40
3 10 2
0 .5
= 0.212
A v = (2 h 0 + b 0 ) t 0 = (2 200 + 0.212 200 ) 10 = 4424 mm 2

N1,Rd =
5.2.2
(page 27)
5.2.2
(page 27)
355 4424
3 sin 45
N1,Rd = 1282 kN
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Bracing Effective width brace 1

5.2.3
(page 28)
Ni,Rd = f yi t i (2 h i 4 t i + b i + b eff )
b eff
where
10 t 0 f y 0 t 0
=
bi
b0
f yi t i
b eff =
5.2.2
(page 26)
but b i
10 10 355 10
120 = 120 mm
200
355 5
but 120 mm
N1,Rd = 355 5 (2 120 4 5 + 120 + 120 )

N1,Rd = 817 kN
Chord punching shear brace 1

(valid when 1 - 2t0/b0)
Ni,Rd
5.2.3
(page 28)
2 hi
=
+ b i + b ep
3 sin i sin i
f y0 t 0
where
b ep
10 t 0
=
bi
b0
b ep =
but b i
10 10
120
200
5.2.2
(page 26)
but 120
b ep = 60 mm
Ni,Rd =
355 10 2 120
+ 120 + 60
3 sin 45 sin 45
N1,Rd = 1506 kN
Summary - brace 1
Joint strength for brace 1 dictated by chord face deformation.
N1,Rd = 695 kN
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Brace 2
Repeat brace capacity formulae for brace 2.
Note: As both braces are of same geometry, brace 2 capacity will be the same:
Chord face deformation,
N2,Rd = 695 kN
Chord shear check,
N2,Rd = 1282 kN
Bracing effective width,
N2,Rd = 817 kN
Punching shear,
N2,Rd = 1506 kN
N2,Rd = 695 kN
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Chord axial load resistance in gap

Chord: Axial load in gap (valid when V 0.5 Vp)
N0,gap,Rd = f y 0 A 0 A v (2 V / Vp 1)
where
5.2.3
(page 28)
A 0 = 7490 mm 2
A v = 4424 mm 2
V = Ni sin i = 650 sin 45 = 459.619 kN
Vp = f y 0
N0,gap,Rd
Av
3
= 355
4424
3
= 906.740 kN
459.619
= 355 7490 4424 2

1
906.740
N0,gap,Rd = 2659 kN
650
-650
-1000
-1000
-460
-1460
-1000
-460
-460
-1920
Axial load in gap (kN)
N0,gap = 1460 kN
2659 > 1460 Passes axial load in gap
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RHS Overlap K-joint, Axial Capacity
SHS 120 x 120 x 5
-600 kN
j
-50.1
-1000 kN
70
45
600 kN
45
SHS 200 x 200 x 10

-1849 kN
Parameter limits
b0/t0 40
h0/t0 40
b0/t0 = 200/10 = 20
h0/t0 = 200/10 = 20
bi/ti ; hi/ti 30.4(275/fyi) = 26.8 compression brace

b1/t1 = 120/5 = 24
h1/t1 = 120/5 = 24
bi/ti ; hi/ti 35 tension brace
PASS
PASS
5.2.1 Table 7
(page 25)
PASS
PASS
b2/t2 = 120/5 = 24
h2/t2 = 120/5 = 24
PASS
PASS
bi/b0 0.25
b1/b0 = 120/200 = 0.6

b2/b0 = 120/200 = 0.6
PASS
PASS
bi/bj 0.75
bi/bj = 120/120 = 1.0
PASS
25% overlap 100%
Overlap = g sin i /hi x 100%

Overlap = 70 sin 45 / 120 x 100%
Overlap = 41.2%
25% 27.8% 100%
PASS
30 i 90
1 = 45
2 = 45
PASS
PASS
-0.55 h0 e +0.25 h0
e = -50.1 mm
-0.55 x 200 e +0.25 x 200
-110 e +50
7.1 Fig. 31
(page 43,44)
5.2.1 Table 7
(page 25)
2.1
(page 4)
3.1
(page 9)
PASS
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Bracing Effective width

Note: Only the overlapping brace (i) need be checked. The capacity of the overlapped brace (j) is
based on on an efficiency ratio to that of the overlapping brace.
Overlapping brace, i (2):

For 25% Ov < 50%
O
Ni,Rd = f yi t i v (2 h i 4 t i ) + b eff + b eov

50
where,
b eff =
10 t 0 f y 0 t 0
bi
b0
f yi t i
b eff =
10 10 355 10
120
200
355 5
5.2.3
(page 28)
but b i
5.2.2
(page 26)
but 120
b eff = 120 mm
b eov =
b eov =
10 t j
bj
f yj t j
f yi t i
bi
but b i
10 5 355 5
120
120 355 5
5.2.2
(page 26)
but 120
b eov = 50 mm
41.2
Ni,Rd = 355 5
(2 120 4 5 ) + 120 + 50
50
Ni,Rd = 624 kN
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Overlapped brace, j (1):

N j,Rd = Ni,Rd
A j f yj
A i f yi
N j,Rd = 624
22.7 355
22.7 355
N j,Rd = 624
kN
5.2.3
(page 28)
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RHS T-joint, Moment In-Plane Capacity
54 kNm
-19.2 kN
RHS 150 x 150 x 8
90
35.8 kNm
-136 kN
RHS 150 x 150 x 10

18.2 kNm
-350 kN
For simplicity only the moment in plane capacity calculations are shown as other
examples cover axial capacity. Axial and moment out of plane capacity would
need to be calculated and included in the interaction check.
Parameter limits
b0/t0 35
h0/t0 35
b0/t0 = 150/10 = 15
h0/t0 = 150/10 = 15
PASS
PASS
bi/ti ; hi/ti 35 and 34.5(275/fyi) = 30.4 compression brace

b1/t1 = 150/8 = 24
h1/t1 = 150/8 = 24
PASS
PASS
bi/b0 0.25
b1/b0 = 150/200 = 0.75
PASS
30 i 90
1 = 45
PASS
5.2.1 Table 7
(page 25)
2.1
(page 4)
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Checked by:
of
4
Corus Tubes
01/11/04
Date:
Corby, Northants
Client:
NN17 5UA
Tel: +44 (0) 1536 402121
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Fax: +44 (0) 1536 404049
Subject:
www.corusgroup.com

(Valid when 0.85)
=
b1
b0
150
= 1 .0
150
Check not required
7.1
(page 43)
Although this check is not required in this particular case, the calculation for chord
end load function is shown for information as it includes moments;
RHS chord end load function f(n)
Using formulae:
f (n) = 1.3 +
0. 4 0
f y0
where;
but 1.0

stress 0;
where;
stress 0;
0 =
0 =
Mip,0
Mop,0
N0
+
+
A 0 Wel,ip,0 Wel,op,0
136 1000 35.8 1000 1000

+
54.9 10 2
236 10 3
0 = 176.47 N / mm 2
f (n ) = 1.3 +
0.4 ( 176 .47 )

355 1.0
1.0
f (n) = 1.101 but 1.0 f (n) = 1.0
0 =
Formulae
Graph
5.2.2
(page
25)
5.2.2
(page
25)
Mip,0
Mop,0
N0
+
+
A 0 Wel,ip,0 Wel,op,0

moments. For RHS chords use most

moments. For RHS chords use most compressive
chord stress.
0 =
Using graph:
5.2.2
(page
25)
136 1000 35.8 1000 1000

+
54.9 10 2
236 10 3
0 = 176.47 N / mm 2
RHS chord stress ratio;
0 176.47
=
= 0.497
f y0
355
from graph;
for
b i 150
=
= 1 .0
b 0 150
5.2.2
(page
25)
5.2.2
Graph
Fig. 23
(page
26)
f(n) = 1.101
(However, not required in this case as chord deformation not critical as >0.85)
Job No:
Sheet:
Made by:
Date:
CPM
Checked by:
of
01/11/04
Date:
Corus Tubes
Corby, Northants
Client:
NN17 5UA
Job Title:
Subject:
Tel: +44 (0) 1536 402121

Fax: +44 (0) 1536 404049
www.corusgroup.com
Chord side wall crushing

(Valid when 0.85 < 1.0)
Mip,Rd = 0.5 f yk t 0 (h1 + 5 t 0 )
where,
f yk = f y 0
5.2.5.1
(page 28)
for T-joints
Mip,Rd = 0.5 355 10 (150 + 5 10 )
Mip,Rd = 71 kNm
Bracing Effective width

(Valid when 0.85 < 1.0)
b
Mip,Rd = f y1 Wpl,1 1 eff
b1
where,
b1 h1 t 1
5.2.5.1
(page 28)
b eff =
10 t 0 f y 0 t 0
b1
b0
f y1 t 1
b eff =
10 10 355 10
150 = 125 mm
150
355 8
but b1
5.2.2
(page 26)
but 150 mm
125
Mip,Rd = 355 237 10 3 1
150 150 8
150
Mip,Rd = 73.49 kNm
Job No:
Sheet:
Made by:
Date:
CPM
Checked by:
of
01/11/04
Date:
Corus Tubes
Corby, Northants
Client:
NN17 5UA
Job Title:
Subject:
Tel: +44 (0) 1536 402121
Fax: +44 (0) 1536 404049

www.corusgroup.com
Summary Moment in plane

Joint moment in-plane capacity dictated by chord side wall failure.
Brace joint capacity,
Mip,Rd = 71 kNm
Interaction formula
(When moments are present an interaction check is required)
RHS Chord, Check
Mip
Mop
N
+
+
1 .0
NRd Mip,Rd Mop,Rd
CHS Chord, Check
Mop
N Mip
+
1 .0
+
NRd Mip,Rd
Mop,Rd
2.4
(page 7)
2.4
(page 7)
Note: For CHS chords the in-plane moment term is squared

SHS Joints Worked Example - 2

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SHS Joints Worked Example - 2

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CHS Gap K-joint, Axial Capacity

References are to Corus publication Design of SHS welded joints

d0/t0 = 219.1/12.5 = 17.53

d1/t1 = 139.7/5 = 27.94

d1/d0 = 139.7/219.1 = 0.64