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Physics Equation List:Form 5: Oscillation
Physics Equation List:Form 5: Oscillation
Physics Equation List:Form 5: Oscillation
NET
1
f =
T
f = frequency
T = Period
(Hz or s-1)
(s)
Displacement-Time Graph
Wave
v= f
v = velocity
f = frequency
= wavelength
Displacement-Distance Graph
= Wavelength
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(ms-1)
(Hz or s-1)
(m)
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Interference
= Wavelength
ax
=
D
Summary
Electricity
Sum of charge
Q = ne
Q = Charge
n = number of charge particles
e = charge of 1 particle
Current
Q
I=
t
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Q = Charge
I = Current
t = time
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Potential Difference
W
V=
Q
V = potential difference,
W = energy
Q = charge
(V or JC-1)
(J)
(C)
V = potential difference,
I = Current
R = Resistance
(V or JC-1)
(A or Cs-1)
()
V = IR
Resistance
R=(
R = R1 + R2
1
1
1
+
+ ) 1
R1 R2 R3
Current
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit
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Potential and Potential Difference
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit
V = V1 + V2
Example
V = V1 = V2
Example
If we assume that there is no internal resistance in the cell, the potential difference across the cell is equal to
the e.m.f. of the cell.
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Electromotive Force and Internal Resistance
E = I (R + r)
E = V + Ir
or
E = Electromotive Force
r = internal resistance
V = potential difference,
I = Current
R = Resistance
(V)
( )
(V or JC-1)
(A or Cs-1)
()
In open circuit ( when the switch is off), the In close circuit ( when the switch is on), the
voltmeter shows the reading of the e.m.f.
voltmeter shows the reading of the potential
difference across the cell.
With the presence of internal resistance, the potential difference across the cell is always
less than the e.m.f..
b. Linear Graph method
From the equation,
E = V + Ir
Therefore
V = -rI + E
Gradient od the grapf, m
= -internal resistance
Y intercept of the graph, c
= electromotive force
Electrical Energy
E = QV
E = Electrical Energy
Q = charge
V = potential difference
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(J)
(C)
(V or JC-1)
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Electrical Power
W
P=
t
P = IV
P=I R
2
V2
P=
R
(W or Js-1)
(J)
(s)
(A)
(V)
()
P = Power
W = Work done/Energy change
t = Time
I = Current
V = Potential difference
R = Resistance
Efficiency
Electrical efficiency =
output power
100%
input power
Electromagnetism
Root mean Square Value
Vrms =
Vp
2
I rms =
Ip
2
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(V)
(V)
(A)
(A)
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Transformer
Input And Output Of A Transformer
Vs
N
= s
Vp N p
(V)
(V)
Power In A Transformer
Ideal Transformer
V p I p = Vs I s
(V)
(V)
(A)
(A)
Non-ideal transformer
Efficiency =
Vs I s
100%
Vp I p
Power Transmission
2Steps to find the energy/power loss in the cable
a. Find the current in the cable by the equation P=IV
2
b. Find the Power lost in the cable by the equation P=I R.
Electronic
Energy change of electron in an electron gun
1 2
mv = eV
2
2eV
v=
m
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v = speed of electron
V = potential difference across the electron gun
e = charge of 1 electron
m = mass of 1 electron
(ms-1)
(V)
(C)
(kg)
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Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
f =
1
T
R1
V
R1 + R2
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R2
V
R1 + R2
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Radioactivity
Alpha decay
A
A 4
4
Z X Z 2Y + 2 He
Beta decay
Y+
A
A
Z X Z +1
1
0
0
1
n11p + 10 e
Gamma emission
A
A
Z X Z X
A = nucleon number
Z = proton number
Half-life
1
N = ( )n N0
2
E = mc 2
m = mass change
c = speed of light
E = energy changed
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(kg)
(m s-1 )
(J)