P. T.

Pindo Deli: Nghin cu cng ty in hnh

NH MY BT GIY & GIY P. T. PINDO DELI

M T V NH MY

Nh my Bt giy v Giy PT. Pindo Deli l mt nh my t nhn ln hot ng trn

phm vi ton quc c tr s t ti Desa Kuta Mekar Btb. 6-9 Ciampel-Karawang, TyJava, Indonesia. Nh my c thnh lp t nm 1976 v hin nay c khong 7672 nhn
cng lm vic ba ca, mi ca tm ting. PT. Pindo Deli sn xut giy photocopy, giy
chuyn dng v giy la vi cng sut 1.465.000 tn/nm, trong my PM 8 v PM 9,
bt u vn hnh t nm 1997, sn xut 240.000 tn/nm, v PM 11, bt u vn hnh
t nm 1998, sn xut 400.000 tn giy la/nm. Nh my mong mun c tham gia
vo d n GERIAP v s dng nng lng hiu qu l mt trong nhng chin lc ca
nh my tr thnh mt nh my hot ng hiu qu v c tnh cnh tranh cao.

M T QUY TRNH

Nh my bt giy v giy chuyn nhng nguyn liu c tnh x si thnh bt giy, giy
v ba cctng. Quy trnh sn xut giy bao gm chun b nguyn liu, ch bin bt giy
(x l ho, x l bn ho, x l c, hoc x l giy ph thi), ty trng, thu hi ho cht,
sy bt giy, v xeo giy.
Hnh 1 di y minh ho quy trnh dng s . Cng on tiu tn nng lng nht
l phn tn bt giy v sy kh.
1

12
14
2

13

15

11

10

Hnh 1. Quy trnh sn xut ti Nh my Bt giy v Giy PT. PINDO DELI

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
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1. Khng kh
2. Thit b tn bt
3. Thng u
4. Phn trc (li xeo)
5. Phn p
6. Bung sy
7. Cn lng
8. Cun giy
9. Bung tinh ch
10. Bung trn
11. Bung phi trn ph gia
12. Thit b tinh ch
13. Bung lm sch
14. Thit b lm sch
15. Thp tn bt
Cc cng on chnh v quy trnh sn xut bt giy v giy c m t n gin ho
nh sau:
Nghin bt ti Thit b phn tn bt: My nghin bt trn bt vi nc v cho ra bt
giy nho. Sau bt nho c lm sch v a vo my xeo. Nguyn liu c a
vo thit b phn tn bt nh ti si v tng tc kt si v khi trong nc si s
trng ra.
Thit b lm sch bt: Mt quy trnh ty trng in hnh cho bt giy Kraft thng qua
nhiu thp trong bt c trn vi cc ho cht khc nhau. Gia cc cng on, ho
cht b loi b v bt giy c ra sch.
Tinh ch: Bt giy i qua cc a quay ca thit b tinh ch dng a. Hot ng c hc
ca thit b tinh ch nh ti lp v t bo si, khin si tr nn mm v dai hn. Khu
tinh ch ny quyt nh cht lng giy. Qu trnh tinh ch mang li cho giy nhng
c tnh p ng c nhu cu s dng ca tng loi giy khc nhau.
To hnh: Sau giy c h hay nhum mu tho mn cc thng s cn thit. Qu
trnh h giy nhm lm tng mn v kh nng in n cho giy; cn khu nhum
mu, bt mu, thuc nhum hay cht ph gia cho giy c b sung. Khu tip theo l
to hnh cho t giy, hay hnh thnh bng giy. Khu to hnh cho t giy bt u t
thng u, ti y x si t c tri thnh lp trn mt mt li chuyn ng.
p: Bng giy c sy kh khi b p qua cc trc ca ng cn.
Sy kh: Phn ln lng nc cn li trong bng giy s b loi b khi bng giy i qua
cc trc hi qu nhit.
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P. T. Pindo Deli: Nghin cu cng ty in hnh

Cn lng: Khu cui cng trong quy trnh sn xut giy l cn lng. Cng on ny
c hon tt nh mt lot cc trc cn c sp xp cn thn kim sot dy v
nhn ca giy thnh phm.
Cun giy: Cc bc cui trong quy trnh gia cng giy l ct cc cun giy ln thnh
t. C th l, giy c cun thnh cun ln, sau x dc kh giy ln sang kh nh
hn theo yu cu, ct thnh tng t, xn ta v ng gi.

NG DNG PHNG PHP LUN

Bn d tho Phng php lun v hiu qu s dng nng lng trong nh my c

coi l c s cho vic nh gi ti nh my, t xc nh v tin hnh cc gii php
nhm gim nng lng tiu th, gim cc nguyn vt liu khc v cht thi. Mt vi
kinh nghim l th:

Nhim v 1b Thnh lp i v thong bo cho cc nhn vin

Cc thnh vin ca nhm l cc thnh vin ca i D n Tit kim Nng lng c
thnh lp trc , thuc b phn K thut, c trch nhim qun l nng lng v gm
49 thnh vin, bao gm:
o i trng chu trch nhim truyn t cc vn v tun th tiu
chun mi trng v cht lng cho cc b phn lin quan
o Cc i ph l ngi trc tip lm vic ti cc b phn trong nh my
o Su thnh vin chu trch nhim duy tr h thng qun l mi trng
ISO14001
o Bn thnh vin chu trch nhim duy tr h thng qun l cht lng
ISO9001
Bi hc kinh nghim: Xy dng nhm thc hin da trn cc h thng t chc sn c
ca nh my s em li hiu qu dnh gi tt hn.

Nhim v 1d La chn trng tm kim ton

Khu cung cp kh nn c coi l mt trng tm nhng khng c chn v khu vc
ny c hp ng vi bn th ba. tin hnh vic nh gi tiu th nng lng th
vic hp tc vi nh thu l iu cn thit. Mt cn tr l bn thu s tng c li
nhun nu h bn c nhiu kh nn hn, nn h c th ng h nh my gim
lng nng lng tiu th, phi c s h tr v ti chnh.
Bi hc kinh nghim: Khi la chn trng tm nh gi, cn xt ti thi hp tc
ca nh thu hoc nh cung cp.

Nhim v 2a T chc hp v tp hun cho cc thnh vin trong nhm thc

hin
T chc hp, tng kt cng nh lp knh giao tip cc thnh vin c cung cp y
thng tin cng nh c o to v s dng nng lng hiu qu.
o Ban lnh o tho lun cc vn v mi trng v nng lng ti
cc cuc hp hng tun

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
www.energyefficiencyasia.org

B phn ph trch nh gi Hiu qu s dng nng lng tin hnh

tng kt hng thng cc ch s phn nh thc trng cho mi n v
sn xut, bao gm cc vn v sn xut, s dng nng lng v
nc
o Xut bn Bn tin v tiu chun ISO v Bo co v thc trng s dng
nng lng, tuyn truyn cho cc thnh vin
Bi hc kinh nghim: T chc cc cuc hp v cc bui tng kt, a ra bo co phc
v cho mc ch cung cp thng tin v o to cc thnh vin v s dng nng lng
hiu qu

Nhim v 4a nh gi kha cnh mi trng, kinh t v k thut ca cc

gii php
Bn giy l mt vn bc xc trong nh my. Nhm kim ton v cc t chc bn
ngoi t chc nhiu cuc hp nh gi cc gii php nhm gii quyt dng thi
ny cng nh nh gi u/nhc im ca mi gii php. Kt qu c tng kt trong
bng di y:
STT Gii php

Thi gian
tin hnh
> 2 nm

S dng
lm nhin
liu ti nh
my (cho
ni hi CFB
mi vi 5%
trn trong
than).

Lm vic
vi cc nh
my
ximng v
vic s
dng bn
lm nhin
liu cho l
cao.

1 nm

Chn lp

Hin ang
tin hnh
nhng cn
thm t vo

Tnh kinh t

Tnh k thut / thc tin

Chi ph trung
bnh
Gim chi ph
nng lng
Nh my
ximng cn
tro
Gim lng
rc thi cn
chn lp
Chi ph ti
nh my
US $ 5
US$ 5/tn
chi ph
vn
chuyn
US $/tn
ti nh
my
ximng
US $ 100 /tn
chi ph cho
ch chn lp
mi

Ph hp vi nh my
Pindo 1 (ang xem xt
dng cho ni hi mi)
Nh my Pindo 2 khng
cn thm ni hi
1800 tn/thng
Ph thuc vo m

Li ch mi
trng
Gii php lu
di
Bn tro

m cao, cn sy trc Gii php lu

di
khi s dng.
Cc gii php sy trc ti
nh my ximng hoc ti
Pindo 2 (Xc nh &
Nghin cu)

Mt bng
Giy php, quan trc
Uy tn

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
www.energyefficiencyasia.org

Gii php
tm thi
Phng n
km hiu qu

P. T. Pindo Deli: Nghin cu cng ty in hnh

STT Gii php

Kho st
cc nh
my khc
c ni hi
chy bng
than
cung cp
bn
Lp t
my mi c
th ti ch
bn giy
thnh giy
cht lng
thp

Thi gian
tin hnh
nm 2006
< vi thng

> 2 nm

Nghin cu
kh nng
gim thiu
lng bn
thi vo
dng thi
ti nh my

ang tip
tc

Dng lm
phn
compost
cho trng
nm

Thiu t
trong/ngoi
nh my &
thu nhit

thc hin
(B Mi
trng yu
cu dng t
thng 11
nm 2003 v
lo ngi nh
hng ti
sc kho)
1 nm

Tnh kinh t

Tnh k thut / thc tin

US $ 5 /t ti
nh my
US $ 5 /tn
cho vn
chuyn

Nhiu nh tiu th nhng

khi lng s dng nh
Kh duy tr
C th ch l gii php tm
thi hoc gii php ph
Cn giy php

Thm thu
nhp t giy
cht lng
thp
Gim lng
rc thi cn
chn lp v
chi ph vn
chuyn
Chi ph va
phi
Tu thuc
vo tng
phng n
(nhng kh
nng tng
i cao)

mt bng ti nh my
Pindo 1 v 2
Nng sut 400 tn/thng
50 % bn v 50 % bt
giy.
C th kt hp s dng
vi cc gii php khc (v
cng sut khng x
l hon ton bn).

Gii php c
li nht cho
mi trng
nh ti ch
cht thi

Nh my Pindo 2 l mt
nh my hin i v vy c
nhiu kh nng thc hin
hn nh my Pindo 1 (nh
my c)
nh mc % bn / tn sn
phm (3,7 % Pindo 2)
C th kt hp s dng
vi cc gii php khc
Khng c php (tm
dng)
C th dng trong cc n
in sn (khng nm trong
chui thc n) nhng ch
quy m nh & cho cc
vng trng trt xa

Gim pht
thi ti ngun

C th s dng cc l t
sn c
Cn giy php
Cn sy bn trc (bao

Cn thiu t
nhit cao
trnh pht
thi kh c

US $10 /tn

Cn nghin
cu
Chi ph vn
hnh

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
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Li ch mi
trng
nht
t
Kim sot
c hiu
qu s dng
nng lng

Thnh phn
phn
compost rt
quan trng
(c ch, Pb v
l nguy c
chnh i vi
sc kho)

STT Gii php

thi (v d:
un
nng khng
kh trong
bung sy
hoc cung
cp nc
cho ni hi)

Thi gian
tin hnh

Tnh kinh t

Tnh k thut / thc tin

nhiu %)

Li ch mi
trng
hi

Bc 6 Ci thin lin tc
V mun duy tr tnh cnh tranh cho nh my nn ban lnh o cp cao nhn nhn vn
hiu sut s dng nng lng mt cch rt nghim tc. t c iu ny, ban
lnh o thit lp mc tiu gim chi ph nng lng hng thng t US $ 5,5 triu xung
cn US $ 4 triu/thng, kt hp mc tiu ny vi mt k hoch nhm xc nh v tin
hnh mt lot cc bin php tit kim nng lng.
Bi hc kinh nghim: Vic ra nh mc tiu th nng lng v/hoc gim chi ph
cho nng lng s cung cp mt hng i r rng cho ban lnh o cng nh i ng
nhn vin.iu ny gip nhn vin tp trung hn vo vic ci thin v qun l hiu
qu s dng nng lng khi so snh nhng bc tin t c vi mc tiu ra.

GII PHP

Nhm thc hin chn ra ba trng tm nh gi cho nh my Pindo Deli, bao

gm (1) Nh my in ca Pindo 2 , (2) My PM 8 v (3)Bn ca qu trnh sn
xut.
C tm trng tm nh gi nh trong ba trng tm nu trn, bao gm (1) Hiu
sut ni hi ph, (2) Thu hi nhit thi xung ca ni hi, (3) To nng lng t
trm p sut hi HP n MP, (4) Tn hao trong phn phi hi cha c tnh
ton, (5) Thay th my p 4P bng my p ti my PM 8 ca nh my Pindo
2, (6) H thng thu hi nc ngng, (7) B iu tc cho bm v qut, (8) Ti s
dng bn ca qu trnh sn xut lm nhin liu cho ni hi. Cc gii php thnh
cng cng nh nhng nghin cu in hnh c ghi nhn.
i vi bn gii php c thc hin/hay c kh nng thc hin, tng chi ph
u t l US $ 42.200.000 (Rp.379.800.000.000-*), tit kim hng nm l US $
3.875.424 (Rp.34.878.816.000-*) v tng thi gian hon vn l di 3,5 nm.
Khi tin hnh cc gii php, tng lng kh t gim c l 248.183 tn v tng
lng kh nh knh gim c l 727.176 tn.

Bng di y trnh by cc gii php thc hin v c nhiu kh nng thc hin.

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
www.energyefficiencyasia.org

P. T. Pindo Deli: Nghin cu cng ty in hnh

Bng: V D V CC GII PHP C TIN HNH

TRNG
TM
NH GI/
GII PHP
Nh my
in ca
Pindo 2/
Tng hiu
sut ni hi,
tc gia
nhit v o
lng kh
thi

Nh my
in ca
Pindo 2/
Gim tn
hao hi bng
dng ng
cch nhit,
sa cha v
qun l r r
ti cc by
hi

K THUT
SXSH

TNH KH THI
V KINH T

LI CH CHO MI
TRNG

NHN XT

Qun l ni vi

u t: khng
cn chi ph u
t, s dng cc
thit b phn
tch c ng sn
c.
Tit kim hng
nm: kh tnh
c v ni hi
ch hot ng
2x8 gi/thng.
Thi gian hon
vn: khng tnh
c.

Nng lng: kh
tnh ton, ni hi
ch vn hnh trong
trng hp khn
cp.
Pht thi kh nh
knh: kh tnh
ton.

Qun l ni vi

u t: US $
Nng lng: tit
200.000
kim kh t
(Rp.1.800.000.00
106.199 tn/nm.
0-*)
Pht thi kh nh
(cho hot ng
knh: 311.163 tn
quan trc v cc
CO2/nm.
thit b by hi)
Tit kim hng
nm: nh gim
tn hao hi
(30.516 tn hi x
US
$12=Rp.108.000-*
/tn hi) = US $

Ni hi ph
ch s dng
trong trng
hp khn
cp, vn hnh
khong 2 x 8
gi/thng
Phn tch kh
t qu trnh
t nhin liu
c tin
hnh 2
ln/nm
Xc nh
nguyn nhn
gy rung ca
ni hi khi
tc gia
nhit cao, s
dng nhin
liu l kh
t.
Thc hin
bng cch sa
cha/thay th
cc ch r r
trong ng
ng, by hi
v bo n
ng ng
Gim lng
hi tiu hao
t 10.179 tn
xung cn
8.165
tn/thng.

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
www.energyefficiencyasia.org


My PM8/
Thay th
my p 4P
bng my p
ci
thin khu
sy

Quy trnh sn
xut/ Thay
i thit b

Bn thi t
qu trnh
sn xut/
Lp t ni
hi tng si
tun hon
v s dng
bn giy
lm nhin
liu thay
th

Bn thi t
qu trnh
sn xut/
Tit kim
lng nc
tiu th
trong cc
nh my
giy gim
lng bn
giy

366.624
(Rp.3.299.616.000*)
Thi gian hon
vn: 0,55 nm
u t: USD 10 Nng lng: gim
triu
lng kh t nh
(Rp.90.000.000.00
lng tiu th
0-*)
hi/tn sn phm
Tit kim hng
gim v tng sn
nm:
lng giy =
US $ 3.420.000
141.984 tn /nm.
(Rp.40.780.000.00 Pht thi kh nh
0-*)
knh: 416.013 tn
Thi gian hon
CO2/n m.
vn: 3,4 nm.

u t: US $ 32
triu
Rp.288.000.000.000*)
Chi ph cho
chn lp bn
tit kim c
(US $ 1,7/ tn
bn = Rp.15.300*) v li ch t
bn tro nh
Thi gian hon
vn: khng tnh
c
Khu qun l u t: cha
quy trnh c
tnh c (d
ci thin
n cn tip tc
n cui nm
2005
Tit kim chi
ph hng nm
(nh tit kim
nc): US $
88.800
(Rp.799.200.000*)
Thi gian hon
Cng
ngh/thit b
mi

Kh thi v
mt kh
thut.
Lng hi
tit kim:
40.800 tn
C tim nng
thc hin khi
thi gian
hon vn
di 3 nm.

Nng lng: dng Bt u thc

trong sy kh bn
hin t nm
Pht thi kh nh
2005
knh: kh tnh ton Bnc s
Khc: Gim din
dng l nhin
tch t chn lp
liu thay th
bn.
(ti a 5%)
cho ni
hiCFB
Khng cn
sy trc nu
lng 5% ti
a trn trong
than.
Nng lng: in
Mc tiu
sn xut lng
thc hin cho
nc tit kim,
nm 2005 l
vn chuyn
gim lng
nc tit kim
nc tiu th
c trong quy
ti may PM 8
trnh sn xut v
t 11,2 xung
vn chuyn
cn 7,5 m3
nc thi ti nh
/tn sn
my x l nc
phm.
thi.
Trc khi ti
Pht thi kh nh
s dng,
knh: kh tnh
nc thi

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
www.energyefficiencyasia.org

P. T. Pindo Deli: Nghin cu cng ty in hnh

Bn thi t
Khu qun l
qu trnh
quy trnh c
sn xut/ S ci thin
dng bn
lm phn
compost
hoc phn
bn cho nm

vn: cha tnh

c.

ton.
Khc: gim lng
nc tiu th
888.000 m3/nm v
gim lng x si
chy vo dng
thi.

u t: 0.
Tit kim chi
ph hng nm
cho chn lp
bn (US $ 1,7/
tn nguyn liu)
Thi gian hon
vn: cha tnh
c.

Nng lng: sy
bn
Pht thi kh nh
knh: kh tnh ton
Khc: Gim din
tch t chn lp

c lc
ly x si
trong nc
a tr li
quy trnh sn
xut, v vy
d n ny s
gim c
lng x si
chy vo
dng thi.
B Mi
trng
ngng cp
giy php
cho hot
ng ny do
bn c hm
lng kim
loi nng cao,
tuy nhin
hm lng
ny vn di
mc cho
php.

Ghi ch: S liu v pht thi kh nh knh ly ngun t tnh ton ca UNEP v kh nh
knh: www.uneptie.org/energy/tools/ghgin/

THNG TIN CHI TIT HN

TS. Ir. Tusy A. Adibroto
hoc
ThSKH Widiatmini Sih Winanti
NFP Indonesia
To nh BPPT II tng 20
Jl. MH. Thamrin 8, Jakarta Indonesia
Tel: +62-21-3169762/68
Fax: +62-21-3169760
E-mail: tusyaa@ceo.bppt.go.id; widiatmini@yahoo.com

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
www.energyefficiencyasia.org

. Suwandi Mulyono
hoc
. Himawan Anwar
Nh my giy v bt giy PT. Pindo deli
Ds. Kuta Mekar, Ciampel-Karawang,
Ty Java-Indonesia
E-mail : suwandi_mulyono@app.co.id; himawan_anwar@app.co.id

Lu :
Mc d n lc m bo ni dung ca n phm ny l hon ton ng vi thc t, UNEP khng chu trch
nhim v chnh xc cng nh tnh hon chnh ca ni dung, UNEP cng khng chu trch nhim trc php
lut v bt k mt mt mt hay tn tht no trc tip hoc gin tip no gy ra do vic s dng hay tin tng vo
ni dung ca n phm ny.

Hng dn S dng Hiu qu Nng lng cho cc ngnh cng nghip chu
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