CMOS

BchkhoatonthmWikipedia

CMOS,vitttca"ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor"trongtingAnh,lthutngchmtloicng
nghdngchtovimchtchhp.CngnghCMOScdngchtovixl,viiukhin,RAMtnhv
ccmchlgcskhc.CngnghCMOScngcdngrtnhiutrongccmchtngtnhcmbinhnhnh,
chuynikiudliu,vccvimchthuphtcmttchhpcaotronglnhvcthngtin.
Trongtngicavimchny,thutngtingAnh"complementary"("b"),mchvicthitkcchmlgctrong
ccvimchCMOSsdngchailoitransistorPMOSvNMOSvtimithiimchcmtloitransistornm
trngthing(ON).

Mchodng
CMOS

HaictnhcbncacclinhkincchtobngcngnghCMOSlcminnhiucaovtiuthnng
lngtrngthitnhrtthp.CcvimchCMOSchtiuthnnglngmtcchngkkhicctransistorbn
trongnchuynigiacctrngthing(ON)vm(OFF).KtqulccthitbCMOSttiuthnnglngvtoratnhithnso
viccloimchlgckhcnhmchtransistortransistorlogic(TTL)haymchlogicNMOS(khcviCMOS,NMOSchdngtonb
transistorhiungtrngkiunvkhngdngtransistorhiungtrngkiup).CMOScngchophptchhpcchmlgcvimt
caotrnchp.
Cmt"metaloxidesemiconductor"btnguntmtquitrnhchtoccvimchtchhpCMOStrcy.Quitrnhnytoracc
transistorhiungtrngmmitransistorcmtincccngbngkimloictlntrnmtlpcchinbngoxidephtrnvt
liubndn.Ngynay,thayvdngkimloi,ngitatoraincccngbngmtvtliukhc,lpolysilicon.Tuynhin,IBMvIntel
cngbssdngtrlicngkimloitrongcngnghCMOSnhmtndngtnhchttintincavtliuchngsinmicao
trongvicchtoccvimchckchthc45nanomthaynhhn.Dcnhiuthayi,tngiCMOSvntiptccsdngtrong
ccquitrnhchtohini[1].
MtvimchtchhpnhchamtlnglncctranzitoCMOSikhicgilvimchtchhpCHMOS.ThutngCHMOSvittt
ca"ComplementaryHighdensitymetaloxidesemiconductor"trongtingAnh.
ikhi,mchkthpgiacccmbinMEMSvibxltnhiuscsnxuttrnmtvimchtchhpCMOSncgil
CMOSens

Mclc
1Lchsphttrin
2Chititkthut
2.1Cutrc
2.2Vd:cngNAND
3Xemthm
4Thamkho
5Linktngoi

Lchsphttrin
FrankWanlassphtminhraccmchCMOSvonm1963tihngFairchildSemiconductor.Vonm1968,vimchtchhpCMOS
utincsnxutbimtnhmnghincutiRCAdoAlbertMedwinlnho.Khiu,CMOScxemnhlmtgiiphp
thaythchoTTLccccvimchtuytchotngchmhnTTLnhnglitiuhaonnglngthn.Chnhvth,nhngngy
uCMOScsquantmcangnhcngnghipnghintvmtslnhvckhcmthigiansdngpinquantrnghnsovi
vntc.Khong25nmsau,CMOStrthnhkthutchimuthtrongvimchtchhps.Ldolvivicraiccthhqui
trnhchtobndnmi,kchthchnhhccacctranzitongycnggimxungdnnmtlotcitinldintchchimchca
vimchgim,tclmvictng,hiusutsdngnnglngtngvgithnhchtogim.Hnna,nhvosnginvkhnng
tiutncngsuttngithpcamchCMOS,ngitacththchinvimchcmttchhpcaomvnkhngthlmcnu
datrncctransistortipgiplngcc
Lcbanu,ngitachcthtmthycchmlogicCMOSchuntrongvimchtchhpsh4000.Sau,nhiuhmtrongh7400bt
ucchtobngkthutCMOS,NMOS,BiCMOSvcckthutkhc.
Cngtrongthiku,mchCMOSdbhhngvqunhycmvisxintchtnhin(ESD).Do,ccthhsauthngc
chtokmtheoccmchbovtinhvinhmlmtiutnccintchny,khngcholpoxidecngvcctipgipPNmngmanhb
phhy.Mcduvy,hngsnxutvnkhuynconndngbphnchngtnhinkhithaotctrnccvimchCMOSnhmtrnhhin
tngvtqunnglng.Chnghn,cchngsnxutthngyucudngbphnchngtnhinkhichngtalmccthaotcthm
mtkhibnhvomyvitnh.
Bncnh,ccthhbanunhh4000dngnhmlmvtliutoracccng.iunykhinchoCMOSckhnnglmvicc
trongiukininpcungcpthayinhiu,cthlncthlmvictrongsuttminpcungcpt3n18voltDC.Trongnhiu
nmsau,mchlogicCMOScthitkviinpcungcpchuncngnghipl5VvtngthchviTTL.Kt1990,biton
tiuhaocngsutthngccoitrnghnsovibitontnghpviTTL,vthlinpcungcpCMOSbtuchthp
xungcngvikchthchnhhccacctransistor.inpcungcpthpkhngchgiplmgimcngsuttiuhaomcnchophp
chtolpcchincccngmnghn,chcnngtthn.Hinnay,mtvimchCMOSlmvicviinpcungcpnhhn1volt.

Trongthiku,incccngcchtobngnhm.CcquitrnhchtoCMOSisauchuynsangdngsiliconatinhth
("polysilicon"),chpnhnctthnnhitcaotrongqutrnhtisiliconsaukhicyion.iunychophpnhchtoctht
cccngngaytnhngcngonsmhntrongquitrnhvridngtrctipcccngnhlmtmtncytoramtcccngtsp
t(cccngkhngtsptsihicschnglplnnhaukhinhngsnxutphichpnhntngkchthctransistorvindung
ksinh).Vonm2004,cngcnhngcngtrnhnghincunghdnglicccngbngkimloi,nhngchonnay,ccquitrnhvn
tiptcsdngcccngpolysilicon.Cngcnhngnlclntrongnghincunhmthaychtinmisilicondioxidecccngbng
vtliuinmikcaochnglihintngtngdngr.

Chititkthut
CMOSltndngmchchaikhacnh:lmtphongcchthitkmchscthvcngltncamthccquitrnhchto
nhmthcthimchinttrnvimch(chip).MchlogicCMOStoratquitrnhCMOSstiutntnnglnghnvchophptch
hpvimtcaohnsoviccquitrnhkhcvicngmtchcnng.Khiuimnyngycngthhinvtrnnquantrnghn,qui
trnhCMOSvccquitrnhbinthcantrthnhcngnghcho,chnhvthchonnm2006,huhtccsnxutvimchtch
hpudngquitrnhCMOS.

Cutrc
MchlogicCMOSdngmtthphailoitransistorhiungtrngkimloioxidebndn(MOSFET)kiupvkiunthchincc
cnglogicvccmchskhcmchngtathytrongmyvitnh,thitbvinthngvxltnhiu.McdumchlogicCMOScngc
thcthchinbnglinhkinri(chnghn,nhngmchrimbnhctrongmnmchintcbn),thngthngsnphmCMOS
thngmiinhnhlvimchtchhpbaogmhngtriu(hayhngtrmtriu)transistorcachaikiucchtotrnmtming
siliconhnhchnhtcdintchtrongkhong0,1n4cmvung.Nhngmingsiliconnhvythngcgilchip,mcdutrong
cngnghipngitacngginldie,clbivchngctoratvicctnh(dicing)mingbnhsiliconhnhtrnlnvcbn
cassnxutdngcbndn
TrongcnglogicCMOS,mtsMOSFETkiuncspthnhdngmchkoxungnmgiauracacngvingcungcpngun
inpthp.ThayvdngtilintrnhtrongcccnglogicNMOS,cnglogicCMOSlidngtilmtsMOSFETkiupspthnh
dngmchkolnnmgiauracacngvingcungcpnguninpcao.Mchkoln,gmcctransistorkiup,mangtnhb
tcchomchkoxung,gmcctransistorkiun,saochokhicctransistorkiunttthcctransistorkiupsdnvngcli.
MchlogicCMOStiutncngsutthnmchlogicNMOSbivCMOSchtiutncngsuttrongthigianchuynitrngthi(cng
sutng).MtASICinhnhcchtovicngngh90nmthayitrngthiuratrongthigian120picogiy,vschuyni
nyxyratrongmithigian10nanogiy.Trongkhi,mchlogicNMOStiutncngsutbtklcnouramcthp(cngsut
tnh),bivkhicdnginchytVddnVssthngquaintrtivmchgmcctransistorkiun.
MOSFETkiupcxemldngbtcchoMOSFETkiunbivchngchuynsangdnkhiinpcccngcachngthphnin
pccngunvbivchngcthkoccmnglnnVdd.Nhvy,nuchaitransistorkiupvkiunccccngnichungvi
nhautrthnhmtuvochungthMOSFETkiupsdnkhiMOSFETkiunttvngcli.

Vd:cngNAND
Nhlmtvd,hnhbnphilsmchcamtcngNANDtrongmchCMOS.
NuchaiuvoAvBumccao,khichaitransistorkiun(nadicas)udn,trongkhikhngctransistorkiup
no(natrncas)dn,nhvychcmtngdnincthitlpgiauravVss,iunykhinchouramcthp.Nu
mttronghaiuraAvBhocchaiunyumcthpthtnhtscmttransistorkiunkhngdn,tnhtmttransistorkiup
sdn,toramtngdningiauravVdd,iunykhinuramccao.
MtuimkhccaCMOSsoviNMOSlchaiqutrnhchuynitmcthpnmccaovtmccaonmcthpcaCMOS
lnhanhvcctransistorkolnctrkhngthpkhichuynsangdn,khnggingnhintrticamchdngNMOS.Thmna,tn
hiungrackhnngqutgnsuttminpnmgiahainguninpcungcpngunthpvcao.pnggnixnghn,mnh
hnnycngkhinCMOSckhnngchngnhiutthn.

Xemthm
Thamkho
1. ^Intel45nmHikSiliconTechnology(http://www.intel.com/technology/architecturesilicon/45nmcore2/index.htm)

Linktngoi
CcmiutvmphngsinhngvcngCMOS(http://techwww.informatik.unihamburg.de/applets/cmos/cmosdemo.html)
CMOSlg?(http://tranxuantu.online.fr/?q=vn/cmos)
Lythttp://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CMOS&oldid=17834828
Thloi: inthc Viinthc Thitkint
Trangnycsailncuilc18:37,ngy3thng7nm2014.
VnbncphthnhtheoGiyphpCreativeCommonsGhicng/Chiastngtcthpdngiukhonbsung.Xemiu
khonSdngbitthmchitit.

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