IGEIDK

Simple Present
(Egyszer jelen id)
Kpzse:
+
A + ige 1. alak (E/3. sz.: ige + s) + J + T + H pl.: I usually get up at 6:30.

A + do/does + not + ige 1. alak + J + T + H pl.: She doesnt get up at 6:30.

?
Do/Does + A + ige 1. alak + J + T + H ?
pl.: Do you usually get up at 6:30?
Hasznlata:
1.
Szoksos ismtld cselekvs kifejezsre. (I usually watch TV every evening.)
2.
ltalnos igazsgok kifejezsre. (Wather boiles at 100 Co.)
3.
Utazssal kapcsolatos, elre eltervezett jvbeli cselekvs kifejezsre. (I arrive in Paris at 2 p.m. and than I go to
London.)
4.
Narratv, elbeszl szvegekben /regnyek, filmek lersnl/
5.
Here/There szavakkal a beszd pillanatban trtn cselekvs kifejezsre. (Here she comes/There she goes)
Idhatrozk: usually, every day, often, sometimes, never, rarely, always, on Monday, twice a week, occasionally,
generally
Helyesrsi tudnivalk:
1.
Ha az ige o, x, sh, ch, s-re vgzdik E/3. szemlyben es ragot kap.
2.
Ha az ige y-ra vgzdik, s mssalhangz eltt ll, E/3. szemlyben i-re vltozik (pl.: study->studies)

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Present Continuous
(Folyamatos jelen id)
Kpzse:
+
A + be + ige + -ing + J + T + H
pl.: I am sitting.

A + be + not + ige + -ing + J + T + H

pl.: She is not sleeping.
?
Be + A + ige + -ing + J + T + H ?
pl.: Are you watching TV now?
Hasznlata:
1.
A beszd pillanatban trtn cselekvs kifejezsre. (He is walking now.)
2.
Mostanban zajl, de nem a beszd pillanatban trtn cselekvs kifejezsre. (I am writing a new book.)
3.
Elre eltervezett szndkos jv idej cselekvs kifejezsre. Idhatrozval egytt hasznljuk. (I am killing
somebody next week.)
4.
Az always sz hasznlatval ltalnos, rendszeresen ismtld cselekvs kifejezsre, amely a beszlt idegesti.
(He is always watching TV.)
Idhatrozk: now, at the moment, at present, nowadays
Helyesrsi tudnivalk:
1.
Az ing eltt nem ejtett e bet kiesik.
2.
A sz vgi l, p, m megduplzdik.
3.
Ha a sz oe, ye, vagy nge vg, akkor nem tnik el az e bet.
4.
Ha a sz ie-re vgzdik, akkor az ie y-ra vltozik.
5.
Igk, amelyeket nem hasznlunk folyamatos alakban:

rzelmeket kifejez igk (pl.: like, love, hate, prefer)

rzkelst kifejez igk (pl.: smell, see, hear)

birtoklst kifejez igk (pl.: have, owe)

gondolati tevkenysgekkel kapcsolatos igk (pl.: think, believe, want)

6.
Ha a sz egy sztagbl ll, mssalhangzra vgzdik s a mssalhangz eltt magnhangz ll, a sz vgi
mssalhangz megkettzdik. (pl.: put->putting)

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Present Perfect
(Befejezett jelen id)
Kpzse:
+
A + have/has + ige 3. alak + J + T + H
pl.: He has been to London.

A + have/has + not + ige 3. alak + J + T + H pl.: She hasnt been to London yet.
?
Have/Has + A + ige 3. alak + J + T + H ?
pl.: Have you ever been to London?
Hasznlata:
1.
A mltban kezddtt s befejezdtt cselekvsnek a jelenben eredmnye van. (I have broken the window.)
2.
A mltban kezddtt, a jelenben is tart s a jvben is tartani fog. (I have lived here for 10 years.)
3.
A mltban kezddtt s a beszd pillanatig tartott a cselekvs. (I havent seen you for ages.)
4.
A mltban kezddtt, s a nagyon kzeli mltban befejezdtt a cselekvs. /ppen most-tal fordtjuk/ (I have
just arrived.)
5.
Amikor a cselekvs megtrtntt prbljuk kifejezni. (I have never eaten ice-cream. Have you ever eaten
chocolate?)

Idhatrozk: yet, already, recently, never, ever, since, for (5 years), lately, just
Krdszavak: How long? Since when?

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Present Perfect Continuous

(Folyamatos-befejezett jelen id)
Kpzse:
+
A + have/has + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H
hasnt come yet.

A + have/has + not + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H

?
Have/Has + A + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H ?
old?

pl.: I have been waiting for an hour, but the bus

pl.: He hasnt been living here since 1987.
pl.: Have you been singing since you were 17 years

Hasznlata:
1. A mltban kezddtt, a beszd pillanatban is folyamatban lv, s ajvben is folytatd cselekvs kifejezsre. (I
have been waiting for the bus for 2 hours.)
2. A mltban kezddtt, a mltban be is fejezdtt cselekvs kifejezsre, aminek a jelenben is eredmnye van s a
mltbeli folyamatossgt hangslyozzuk.

Lehet idhatrozval: Im tired, because I have been working hard all day.

Lehet idhatroz nlkl: Im tired, because I have been working hard.

3. Hogyha az eredmny mellett a felhborodson van a hangsly. (Who has been eating with my spoon?)
Idhatrozk: for (5 years), since
Krdszavak: How long? Since when?

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Simple Past
(Egyszer mlt id)
Kpzse:
+
A + ige 2. alak + J + T + H

A + did + not + ige 1. alak + J + T + H

?
Did + A + ige 1. alak + J + T + H ?

pl.: I went for a walk yesterday.

pl.: She didnt read last week.
pl.: Did you go to school when you were ill?

Hasznlata:
1.
A cselekvs a mltban elkezddtt, befejezdtt s nincs kze a jelenhez. (I read a book yesterday.)
2.
Mltbeli szoksos ismtld cselekvs kifejezsre. (I went school, when I was 6 years old.)
3.
Narratv, elbeszl szvegekben, trtnet elmeslsekor.
4.
A mltban egy idszakot kitlt cselekvs, ami lezrdott.
5.
Mltbeli cselekvs, ami a jvben nem ismtldhet meg. (I met John Lennon.)
6.
Mltbeli egyszeri cselekvs. (I watched TV yesterday.)
Idhatrozk: yesterday, last night, last week, last year, in 1952, in September, in Spring, on Monday, for (5 years), 2
hours ago, 2 years ago
Krdsz: when?

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Past Continuous
(Folyamatos mlt id)
Kpzse:
+
A + was/were + ige + -ing + J + T + H
pl.: She was reading yesterday afternoon.

A + was/were + not + ige + -ing + J + T + H

pl.: I wasnt walking yesterday afternoon.
?
Was/Were + A + ige + -ing + J + T + H ?
pl.: Were you playing basketball while your mother was doing the
shopping?
Hasznlata:
1.
A mlt egy adott idpontjban folyamatosan zajl cselekvs kifejezsre. (I was reading at 6 oclock yesterday.)
2.
A mlt egy adott idtartamban zajl cselekvs kifejezsre. (I was dancing all afternoon.)
3.
A mltban kt prhuzamosan zajl cselekvs kifejezsre. (While my mother was ironing, Joe was singing in the
toilet.)
4.
A mltban folyamatosan zajl cselekvs kzben egy esemny trtnik. /Az esemny = Simple Past; a cselekvs =
Past Continuous/ (I was sleeping when my mother came home.)
Idhatrozk: at 3 oclock, all afternoon, when, as, while, fromto, betweenand

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Past Perfect
(Befejezett mlt id)
Kpzse:
+
A + had + ige 3. alak + J + T + H

pl.: She had done the ironing, when her husband came home.

A + had + not + ige 3. alak + J + T + H

Had + A + ige 3. alak + J + T + H ?

pl.: He hadnt made the coffee, when his wife got up.
pl.: Had you done your homework by that time?

Hasznlata:
1.
Egy mlt idej cselekvs kifejezse, amely a msik mlt idej cselekvshez viszonytva:

mr befejezdtt. (I had finished my homework when Joe arrived home.)

mg folyamatban van. (I had been in the army for 10 years when we met.)
2.
Az idben hozznk kzelebbi cselekvst helyettesthetjk idhatrozs szerkezettel. (By that time, by than, by 6
oclock)
3.
Mltbeli cselekvs, amelynek a mltban volt eredmnye. (I had worked in the garden thats why I was tired
yesterday.)
Ktszavak: when, before, after, by the time, by that time, by

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Past Perfect Continuous

(Folyamatos-befejezett mlt id)
Kpzse:
+
A + had + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H
pl.: I had been living here for 3 years, when we met.

A + had + not + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H

pl.: She hadnt been working here, when the new boss
came.
?
Had + A + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H ? pl.: Had you been living here, when your neighbour died?
Hasznlata:
1.
Egy mlt idej cselekvshez viszonytva egy msik mlt idej cselekvs mr elkezddtt s azutn is
folytatdott. (I had been working for the army for 2 years when we met.)
2.
A mlt idej cselekvsnek a mltban eredmnye volt. (I was tired, because I had been working in the garden /all
day/.)
Idhatrozk: for (2 hours), since

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Simple Future
(Egyszer jv id)
Kpzse:
+
A + will + ige 1. alak + J + T + H
pl.: I will go to visit you.

A + will + not + ige 1. alak + J + T + H

pl.: I wont do my homework.
?
Will + A + ige 1. alak + J + T + H ? pl.: Will you do the shopping?
Hasznlata:
1.
Jv idej cselekvs kifejezsre, amit a beszl a beszd pillanatban dnt el. (What will you do now?)
2.
Jslsnl. (Your test will be 5.)
3.
gretl. (I will do my homework.)
4.
Szndknl. (I will help you.)
5.
Fenyegetsnl. (I will kill you.)
Idhatrozk: next Saturday, tomorrow, in 2 weeks, by tomorrow

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Future Continuous
(Folyamatos jv id)
Kpzse:
+
A + will + be + ige + -ing + J + T + H
pl.: I will be watching TV from 8:00 to 10:00.

A + will + not + be + ige + -ing + J + T + H pl.: She will not be reading, when her sister goes away.
?
Will + A + be + ige + -ing + J + T + H ?
pl.: Will you be playing basketball tomorrow afternoon?
Hasznlata:
1.
A jv egy adott idpontjban vagy idtartamban folymatosan zajl cselekvs kifejezsre. (I will be swimming
at 5 oclock tomorrow.)
2.
A jvben kt cselekvs sszehasonltsakor, amikor az egyik folyamatosan trtnik, a msik egyszeri cselekvs.
(I will be reading when he comes home)
3.
Olyan jv idej cselekvs kifejezsre, amely rendszeresen ismtldik, teht biztosan meg fog trtnni.

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Future Perfect
(Befejezett jv id)
Kpzse:
+
A + will + have + ige 3. alak + J + T + H

pl.: By the end of the year, my father will have been 43 years old.

A + will + have + not + ige 3. alak + J + T + H

pl.: He will havent finished his work by tomorrow.
Will + A + have + ige 3. alak + J + T + H ? pl.: Will you have read the book by the next week?

Hasznlata:
1.
A jv egy adott idpontjban az adott cselekvs mr mlt lesz, vagy be lesz fejezve. (By the end of the month,
he will have been here for 10 years.)

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Future Perfect Continuous

(Folyamatos-befejezett jv id)
Kpzse:
+
A + will + have + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H
here for 8 years.

A + will + not + have + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H

by the end of the week.
?
Will + A + have + been + ige + -ing + J + T + H ?
years by the end of the year?

pl.: By the end of January we will have been living

pl.: He wonthave been working here for 1 year
pl.: Will you have been going in this school for 5

Hasznlata:
1.
A jv egy idpontjbl visszatekintve a cselekvs mr egy ideje folyamatban van, mg nem fejezdtt be, s
nem is tudjuk, hogy mikor fog befejezdni. (By the end of the next month, he will have been working here for 10 years.)