Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Proctor Standard Soil Compaction - 012
Proctor Standard Soil Compaction - 012
ENGINEERING
DEPT.OF GEOTECHNICAL AND
TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
REPORT
SUBJECT CODE
TEST CODE & TITLE
COURSE CODE
TESTING DATE
STUDENT NAME
GROUP
1.
2.
GROUP MEMBER NAMES
3.
4.
5.
EXAMINER COMMENT
ATTENDANCE/ DISCIPLINE
& INVOLVEMENT
/15%
DATA ANALYSIS
/20%
RESULT
/20%
DISCUSSION
/25%
CONCLUSION
/20%
TOTAL
/100%
RECEIVED STAMP
I, hereby confess that I have prepared this report on my own effort. I also admit not
to receive or give any help during the preparation of this report and pledge
that everything mentioned in the report is true.
_________________
Student Signature
Name
Matric No. :
Date
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
1/9
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
1.0 OBJECTIVE : To obtain the maximum value of dry density and the optimum moisture content.
2.0 LEARNING OUTCOME
At the end of this experiment, students are able to:
Understand the relationship between dry density and moisture content for a given
degree of compactive effort
Understand the moisture content for the most efficient compaction.
Obtain the maximum dry density can be achieved for particular type of soil.
3.0 THEORY
Compaction of soil the process by which the solid particles are packed more closely together by
mechanical means, thus increasing the dry density, Markwick, 1994. it is achieved through the
reduction of the air voids in the soil. At low moisture content, the soil grain is surrounded by a thin film
of water, which tends to keep the grains apart even when compacted. In addition of more water, up to
certain point, more air to be expelled during compaction. At the point, soil grains become as closely
packed together as they can, that is at the dry density is at its maximum. When the amount of water
exceeds the required to achieve this condition, the excess water begin to push particles apart, so the
dry density reduced.
The moisture content at which the greatest value of dry density achieved for the given compaction effort
is the optimum moisture content, (OMC), and the corresponding dry density is the maximum dry density
Figure 1: Relationship between dry density (pd) against moisture content w for several types of soil.
PAGE NO.:
2/9
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
3/9
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
5.0 PROCEDURES
1. Veify the mould, baseplate, extension, collar and rammer to be used are those that conform to
BS 1377. weight the mould body to the nearest 1g (m 1). Measure its internal diameter (D)mm
and length (L)mm in several places and calculate the mean dimensions.
2. Calculate the internal volume of the mould (V)mm 3 using
D2 L
4000
Apply with an oily cloth on the internal surface of mould to ease the removal of soil later on.
3. Measure the empty metal tray and 5kg of air dried soil sample that the has passing through
sieve no.4 (4.75mm)
4. place the mould assembly on a solid base, such as concrete floor. Add loose soil so that after
eacch sequence of compaction the mould will be one-third filled.
5. compact the soil by applying 27 blows of the rammer dropping from the controlled height of the
300mm. ensure that the rammer is properly in place before releasing, Figure 3, Note: do not
attempt to grab the lifting knob before the rammer has come to rest. The sequence as shown in
Figure 4 has to be followed. Repeat for the second and third layer that the final shall not more
than 6mm above the mould body, Figure 5.
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
4/9
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
5/9
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
Calculate the bulk density, of each compacted specimen from the equation
m2 m1
Mg / m 3 (if volume = 1000 cm3)
1000
V
2.
m 2 m1
Mg / m 3 (if volume = V cm3)
V
D 2 L
(check all conversion of unit)
4
wn
w2 w1
100
w1 w0
Calculate the average value of moisture content, w% for each compacted specimen.
w
4.
w1 w2 w3
3
100
Mg/m3
100 w
d
5.
Plot of graph dry density, d against moisture content, w. Draw a smooth curve through the
points.
6.
PAGE NO.:
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
Sample calculation:
Serial no.
Test No :
A : TEST CRITERIA
Location :
No. of layer :3
Rammer mass :
2.5 kg
No. of separate
batch :
Soil Description :
Brown sandy clay with a little fine gravel
Sample preparation :
Air dried and riffled
Location No:
Sample No.:
7.
6/9
(5)
3908
1917
1991
1.987
Sample calculation:
Serial no.
Test No :
A : TEST CRITERIA
Location :
No. of layer :3
Rammer mass :
2.5 kg
No. of separate
batch :
Soil Description :
Brown sandy clay with a little fine gravel
Sample preparation :
Air dried and riffled
Location No:
Sample No.:
(5)
3908
1917
1991
1.987
Va
100 Mg / m 3
d
1
w
S 100
1
PAGE NO.:
7/9
8.
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
PAGE NO.:
8/9
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
5/12/07
5/12/07
8.0 CALCULATIONS
A : TEST CRITERIA
Location :
Location No:
Rammer mass :
2.5 kg
Soil Description :
Sample No.:
No. of separate
batch :
Sample preparation :
Air dried and riffled
Serial no.
Test No :
No. of layer :3
Blows per layer :
27
(5)
Cylinder = B g
Soil mass = A B g
Wet density =
Measurement No. 1
Wet soil + container,w2 (g)
C : MOISTURE CONTENT
(1)
(2)
(3)
Measurement No. 2
Wet soil + container,w2 (g)
(1)
(2)
(3)
PAGE NO.:
9/9
EDITION:
REVIEW NO.:
(1)
(2)
EFFECTIVE
DATE:
AMENDMENT
DATE:
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(1)
(2)
(3)
5/12/07
5/12/07
(5)
AVG MOISTURE, w%
Dry density, d
E : PLOTTING OF DRY DENSITY AGAINST MOISTURE CONTENT WITH AIR VOIDS LINE
AT 0%, 5% AND 10%. USE PROPER GRAPH PAPER
8.0 QUESTIONS
1. Define and explain what is meant by optimum moisture content, and how it is determined in the
laboratory.
2. Explain fully the principles and methods involved in soil compaction. How do you use the
Proctor test apparatus in the field for checking the soil compaction?