Tng quan Traffic Cases

TNG QUAN TRAFFIC CASES

content:

I.

A subscriber identity number

Location Update
MOC
MTC
Handover
SMS

A subscriber identity number:

1) IMSI: International Mobile Subscriber Identity - Identification Number SIM

IMSI = MCC + MNC + MSIN
MCC(3 digits): Mobile Country Code
MNC(1-2 digits): Mobile Network Code
MSIN: MS Indentification Number
The maximum length is 15 digits (decimal)
2) MSISDN : Total mobile subscriber identity:
MSISDN = CC + NDC + SN
CC: Country Code
NDC: National Destination Code
SN: Subscriber Number
The maximum length is 15 digits (decimal)
3) IMEI: International Mobile Equipment Identity - Handset Identification
IMEI = TAC + FAC + SNR
TAC(6 digits): Type Approval Code by organization GSM/PCS regulations
FAC(2 digits): Final Assembly Code - identify the manufacturer
SNR(6 digits): Serial Number
4) MSRN: MS Roaming Number - Routing number to MSC/VLR in the case
roaming
MSRN = CC + NDC + SN

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SN: Serving Node

5) LAI: Location Area Indentity
LAI = MCC + MNC + LAC
MCC(3 digits): Mobile Country Code
MNC(1-2 digits): Mobile Network Code
LAC(max 16 bits): Location Area Code
6) CGI: Cell Global Indentity
CGI = LAI + CI
CI(max 16 bits): Cell Identity
7) MGT: Mobile Global Identity - Routing Number MSC HLR
MGT = CC + NDC + MSIN

II. Location Update

There are two types of Location Update:
- Normal
- Periodic

1) Normal:
a) When MS moved from LA to another LA
MS heard the new LAI (LAI old are stored in SIM) on the channel:
- BCCH if IDLE
- SACCH if ACTIVE
Then MS will automatically perform Location Update follow these steps:
(1): reason Update VT: 0000xxxx
(2): 8 bit on + access delay + TDMA FN (RACH)
(3): Chan. Active Message:
- Chan. Description (main channel: SDCCH + SACCH/ TCH + ACCH;
hoping or not; TS Number - cluster SDCCH 0-7...)
- DTX applied or not
- MS, BTS power
- Timing Advance
(4): Affirming this channel was active

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(5): Instant Order set
(6): Immediate Assignment Message:
- Chan. Description
- List of hopping frequency
- 8 bit random + TDMA FN (RACH) conflict resolution and access
many MS 1 RACH
(7): Location Update Request
(8): Authentication Request
(9): Authentication Response
(10): Cipher Command
(11): Cipher Complete
(12): L.U Accept
(13): L.U Complete
Where MS is in active mode that moves (Handover) to the other LA, SACCH
information (traffic on multi-frame) will indicate the new LAI.
After the release call, the MS shall proceed Location Update, normal type.

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MS
RACH

BTS

(1)Chan.Request
(reason:Update
VT
0000xxxx )

BSC

MSC/VLR

Chan.Require (2)
Chan.Activate(3)
ACK(4)

AGCH
SDCCH

Im. Ass. (6)

Location Update Request(7)

(IMSI, LAI c, type of Update...)
Authen. Request (RAND, CKSN)(8)

SDCCH
SDCCH

Authen. Response (SRES)(9)

Cipher. Command (Kc)(10)

SDCCH
SDCCH

Im. Ass. Cmd(5)

BTS keep Kc to MMH

Cipher Complete(11)
VLR find HS MS
thay i LAI c:=LAI mi
VLR not find HS MS
B.dch IMSI MGT addr. HLR.
HLR: -Update MSC/VLR mi
-lnh VLR c xa HS MS
-lnh VLR mi lu HS MS

L.U Accept (LAI mi)(12)

SDCCH
SDCCH

L.U Complete(13)

Chan. Release
SDCCH
SDCCH

Clear Cmd

Chan. Release
ACK

ACK

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b) enter network:
Enter the first network:
- MS scans all frequencies in the range 900MHz (124 tn s Vina + Mobi +
Viettel)
- MS sp xp cc tn s c cng sut t mnh yu ( thng l tm c
ngay danh sch cc tn s sng mang BCCH v c/s pht BCCH carrier rt
mnh)
- Chn tn s c cng sut mnh nht:
+ Nghe FCCH (cm FB) 142 bit=0 , nhm xc nh tn s l Co.
+ Nghe SCH (cm SB) : 64 bit B 01010101....
39 + 39 bit FN v BSIC
+ Nghe BCCH (cm NB) c cc bn tin h thng type 2,3,4:
Neighbour cells descr. : BCCH Allocation list
LAI, CGI.
Control Chan. Descr. : - IMSI attach/detach : yes/no
- AGBLK: s blocks CCCH for AGCH
- MFRMs (2-9): s a khung 51 lp li
1 paging group c
- Timeout for MS periodic L.U
Cell option: - DTX applied or not
- Power control : 1/0.
Cell selection parameter:
- Mc thu ti thiu ti MS cho php MS access vo mng
(v d level 3 tng ng -108 dBm)
- Cng sut pht ti a m MS c php pht khi access
vo mng
- MS requests knh SDCCH trn RACH ( L do Update VT)
- MS gi L.U Request (IMSI, LAI, type of update: normal)
- Qu trnh x l tip theo tng t nh trng hp normal L.U.
Ri mng, sau nhp li mng vn cng LA:
gi IMSI attach message (km theo IMSI)

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MS
RACH

BTS
Chan.Request

(L do:Nhp mng
0000xxxx )

BSC

MSC/VLR

Chan.Require
Chan.Activate
ACK

AGCH
SDCCH

Im. Ass.

Im. Ass. Cmd

IMSI attach message

(IMSI)
Authen. Request (RAND, CKSN)

SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH

Authen. Response (SRES)

Cipher. Command (Kc)
BTS keep Kc MMH

Cipher Complete
VLR set c nhp mng

SDCCH

ACK

Ri mng, sau nhp li mng LA khc:

- Nghe LAI LAI c tin hnh L.U request (IMSI, LAI c, normal type)
qu trnh x l hon ton tng t nh normal L.U.
c) Ri mng (IMSI detach):

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MS
RACH

BTS
Chan.Request
(L do:Ri mng
0001xxxx )

BSC

MSC/VLR

Chan.Require
Chan.Activate
ACK

AGCH
SDCCH

Im. Ass.

Im. Ass. Cmd

IMSI detach message

(IMSI)

VLR set c ri mng

2. Periodic Location Update

mc ch trnh paging khng cn thit.
- MS nghe trn BCCH : Periodic L.U c c sdng hay khng? tn sut
(timeout)?
- Ti MS v MSC u c 1 b timer vi thng s timeout.
- Khi timer MS expires, MS phi thc hin gi L.U request, type=periodic
regis. Qu trnh yu cu knh ring v th tc L.U request hon ton tng t
nh phn1.
- Khi L.U complete, 2 b timers MS, MSC restart.
- Ti MSC c chc nng qut: nhn thy MS no m khng ng k L.U khi
qu timeout + 1 khong thi gian xc nh MS b nh du l ri mng.

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III. MOC : Mobile Originated Call

MS
RACH

BTS

BSC

ISDN, PSTN,
PLMN

MSC/VLR

Chan. Request
L do MOC 111xxxxx

Chan. Activate
ACK

AGCH
SDCCH

Ass. Cmd

Im. Assign.
Service Request

MS c nh
du bn !

CM knh,IMSI,CKSN
Trnh xung t
Copy of bn tin trn
SDCCH in case
nhiu MS cng sd 1
SDCCH
Authen. Request (RAND, CKSN)

SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH

SDCCH

Authen. Reponse (SRES)

Cipher. Cmd (Kc)
Cipher. Complete
IMEI check
IMEI Response

SETUP (y/c dch v mang:speech, data, fax...

VLR check
quyn sd dch
v

k/n mang: bitrate, BER,...., called number)

SDCCH
SDCCH
FACCH

Call proceeding

Nu OK

TCH Assignment
TCH Assignment Complete
IAM
ACM

FACCH

Alerting (Ring back tone)

ANM

FACCH
FACCH
TCH

CONNECT
CONNECT ACK
CONVERSATION

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IV.MTC: Mobile Terminated Call

MS

BSC

MSC/VLR

HLR

GMSC

PSTN/PLMN

IAM (MSISDN calling,called,

Routing Infor
Roaming No

dch v mang, k/n mang)

(MAP)

(MAP)
Provide Roam No
Send Routing Infor

MSRN (MAP)

MSRN (MAP)
IAM
PCH
RACH

Paging

Paging (IMSI)

(IMSI, LAI)
Ch. Request
(L do Paging Resp.
100xxxxx )

AGCH
SDCCH

Im. Assign.
Paging Resp.
(IMSI, CKSN)

SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
FACCH
FACCH

Paging Resp.

Authentication
Cipher
Identity (IMEI check)
SETUP (calling No, k/n mang)
Call Confirm
TCH Ass. Request
TCH Ass. Complete
Alerting
ACM
ACM

FACCH
(nhc my)
FACCH
TCH

CONNECT
ANM
ANM
CONNECT ACK
CONVERSATION

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V. Handover
- Handover xy ra khi 1 active MS chuyn phc v t cell ny sang cell khc.

MS

- Du hiu: Signal Strength (SS), C/I of serving cell km i, trong khi SS of 1 s

neighbour cells tt hn.
- Thng tin SS, C/I (DL) s c MS bo co ln BTS, bng bn tin measurement
report, trn knh SACCH, trong bn tin LAPDm ( 4 khung SACCH ~ 4 120 ms =
480 ms/1 ln)
- Cn c vo measure. Report:
BTS adds thm SS, C/I (UL) of serving cell, v a ln BSC.
BSC tnh ton, sp xp cc cell vo 1 tp ng c. Nu cell serving khng l top
of list, m neighbour cell no l top of list th quyt nh HO sang cell .
- Khng cn c vo measure. Report:
+ TA cao qu (TA>63) BSC quyt nh HO
+ Load Sharing: khi traffic load 1 cell qu cao, trong khi neighbour cell li
thp load sharing, tc l 1 phn ti serving cell s c chuyn sang
neighbour cell.
* Mt s trng hp HO:

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1) HO cng 1 BSC:

(1): measurement report

(2): BTS adds (UL) SS, C/I of itself
(3): Trng hp quyt nh HO, BSC gi TCH activate request n BTS mi
(4): (FACCH c) BSC lnh HO cng f mi, TS mi, c/s pht v BTS c , n MS
(5): (FACCH mi) pht cm HO n BTS mi
(6): (FACCH mi) BTS mi pht hin cm HO:
- gi TA cho MS, c/s pht cho MS
- gi HO detecting message n BSC kt ni mi c thit lp
(7): (FACCH mi) MS gi HO Complete Message n BTS mi, BSC.
(8): BSC gi TCH deactive message n BTS c.
Nu MS sang LA khc th phi thc hin L.U sau khi gii phng cuc gi.

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2) HO khc BSC, cng MSC/VLR:

(1): gi bo co trn SACCH

(2): trng hp quyt nh HO, BSC c gi HO-required message c km theo CGI
mi n MSC/VLR
(3): MSC/VLR gi HO request n BTS mi
(4): BSC mi gi TCH activate message
(5): BSC mi gi TCH mi, c/sut pht v cho MS thng qua MSC, BSC c, BTS c
(6): MS pht cc cm HO n BTS mi
(7): BTS mi pht hin c cm HO, n s gi TA, c/sut pht cho MS. ng thi n
gi HO detect message n BSC mi, n MSC. MSC s thit lp 1 path mi.
(8): MS gi HO Complete Message, BTS mi chuyn n MSC thng qua BSC mi.
(9): MSC/VLR lnh gii phng knh.
Nu MS sang LA khc th phi thc hin L.U sau khi gii phng cuc gi.

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3) HO khc MSC VLR:

(1): MS gi bo co trn SACCH, BTS c gi bo co ln BSC c

(2): BSC c gi HO-required + CGI mi n MSC/VLR neo. MSC/VLR neo s gi
yu cu ny n MSC/VLR mi
(3): MSC mi lnh chuyn giao n BSC mi
(4): BSC mi gi TCH activate message n BTS mi
(5): BSC mi gi TCH mi, c/sut pht v cho MS qua MSC/VLR, BSC c, BTS c
(6): (FACCH mi) MS pht i cm HO
(7): (FACCH mi) BTS mi nhn c HO, n gi TA, c/sut pht v cho MS. BTS
mi cng gi HO detecting message n BSC mi, n MSC mi. MSC mi s thit
lp 1 kt ni mi
(8): (FACCH mi) MS gi HO Complete Message.

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(9): MSC/VLR neo sau khi nhn c message ny s lnh gii phng ti nguyn.
Nu MS sang LA khc th phi thc hin L.U sau khi gii phng cuc gi.
4) HO trong 1 cell:
* Cell khng Hopping:
- HO xy ra: + priority 1: HO sang f khc
+ priority 2: HO sang TS khc, cng f
* Cell c Hopping:
- HO xy ra: + priority 1: HO sang Chan. Group khc
+ priority 2: HO sang TS khc, cng Chan. Group
+ priority 3: HO sang cng TS, cng Chan. Group (lc tun t nhy
s khc)
V d: 1 cell cu hnh 4 TRX c 2 nhm knh:
CHGR0: fo (BCCH carrier)
CHGR1: f1, f2, f3
fo

BCCH

4
f1
f2
f3
TS c n nh ti thi im t

Pri.1: HO sang CHGR0 (tr TS0)

Pri.2: HO vn cng CHGR1 (f1, f2, f3) nhng khc TS4
Pri.3: HO cng CHGR1, cng TS4, nhng sau thay v nhy sang f1, TS4 chng hn
th nhy sang f2, TS4.
Lu : - cng sut BCCH carrier (f0) pht rt mnh = const
- nu 1 CHGR bao gm f0, f1, f2, f3... th TS0 ca f0 s khng nhy, cn li s
nhy.

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VI. SMS (Short Message Service)

1) MO SMS ( Mobile Originated SMS)

MS

RACH
AGCH
SDCCH

SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH
SDCCH

BSS

MSC/VLR

SMS-IWMSC

SC

Chan. Request
L do: SMS 0001xxxx
Im. Assign.
Service Request
(SMS, IMSI, CKSN,
called No)

Service Request

Bn copy
Nhn thc
Mt m ha
VLR check
quyn sd dch v

Gi SMS

Nu OK

SMS
SMS
fault/delivery report
fault/delivery report

SDCCH

fault/delivery report
ACK

SDCCH

Clear Cmd

SDCCH
SDCCH

Release Request
Release Complete
Clear Complete

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Short Message s c truyn trn knh bo hiu SDCCH, gi n trung tm bn tin

ngn SC. Sau SC c nhim v gi short message ny n thu bao ch.

2) MT SMS (Mobile Terminated SMS)

MS

BSS

MSC/VLR

HLR

SC

Routing Infor for SM

(MSISDN)
Routing Infor
(MSC-identity, IMSI)

Forward Short Message (IMSI)

Paging

PCH
RACH

AGCH
SDCCH

Paging (IMSI)
Ch. Request
(L do:Paging Resp.
100xxxxx)
Im. Assign.
Paging Resp.

Authen.
Cipher

SDCCH

SDCCH/
SACCH

Paging Resp.

(IMSI, CKSN)

SDCCH

SDCCH

(IMSI, LAI)

IMEI check
Short Message
result message
Clear Cmd
Release Request
Release Complete
Clear Complete

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Sau qu trnh tm gi thnh cng, Short Message s c truyn trn SDCCH (MS
idle) hoc trn SACCH (MS active) n thu bao b gi.

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