xHtL

Solve 7

2 xHtL

t2

+ 12.5 xHtL 2, such that xH0L 5 and x H0L 0:

The general solution will be the sum of the complementary solution and
particular solution.
Find the complementary solution by solving

2 xHtL
t2

+7

xHtL
t

+ 12.5 xHtL 0:

Assume a solution will be proportional to t for some constant .

Substitute xHtL t into the differential equation:
2
t

I t M + 7

Substitute

I t M + 12.5 t 0

2
t2

I t M 2 t and

1. 2 t + 7. t + 12.5 t 0

I t M
t

t :

Factor out t :

I1. 2 + 7. + 12.5M t 0
Since t 0 for any finite , the zeros must come from the polynomial:
1. 2 + 7. + 12.5 0

Factor:

1. I1. 2 + 7. + 12.5M 0
Solve for :
-3.5 - 0.5 or -3.5 + 0.5
The roots -3.5 0.5 give x1 HtL c1 H-3.5+0.5 L t , x2 HtL c2 H-3.5-0.5 L t as
solutions, where c1 and c2 are arbitrary constants.

The general solution is the sum of the above solutions:

c1
c2
xHtL x1 HtL + x2 HtL
+
H3.5-0.5 L t H3.5+0.5 L t

Apply Euler's identity + cosHL + sinHL:

cosH0.5 tL sinH0.5 tL
cosH0.5 tL sinH0.5 tL
xHtL c1
+
+ c2
3.5 t
3.5 t

3.5 t
3.5 t

Regroup terms:
Hc1 + c2 L cosH0.5 tL Hc1 - c2 L sinH0.5 tL
xHtL
+
3.5 t
3.5 t
Redefine c1 + c2 as c1 and Hc1 - c2 L as c2 , since these are arbitrary constants:
c1 cosH0.5 tL c2 sinH0.5 tL
xHtL
+
3.5 t
3.5 t

Determine the particular solution to

2 xHtL
t2

+ 12.5 xHtL + 7

xHtL
t

2. by the method

of undetermined coefficients:
The particular solution to
x p HtL a1

2 xHtL

+ 12.5 xHtL + 7

t2

xHtL
t

2. is of the form:

Solve for the unknown constant a1 :

x p HtL

Compute
x p HtL

Compute
2 x p HtL
t

Ha L
t 1

2 x p HtL
t2

t2

Ha1 L

Substitute the particular solution x p HtL into the differential equation:

2 x p HtL
t2

+7

x p HtL
t

+ 12.5 x p HtL 2.

7 0 + 12.5 a1 2.

Solve the equation:

a1 0.16
Substitute a1 into x p HtL a1 :
x p HtL 0.16

The general solution is:

c1 cosH0.5 tL c2 sinH0.5 tL
xHtL xc HtL + x p HtL
+
+ 0.16
3.5 t
3.5 t
Solve for the unknown constants using the initial conditions:
Compute
xHtL
t

xHtL
:
t

c sinH0.5 tL
c1 cosH0.5 tL
I
+ 2 3.5 t + 0.16M
t
3.5 t

3.5 c1 cosH0.5 tL
0.5 c1 sinH0.5 tL
0.5 c2 cosH0.5 tL

3.5 t

3.5 t

3.5 t

3.5 c2 sinH0.5 tL
3.5 t

Substitute xH0L 5 into xHtL c2 -3.5 t sinH0.5 tL + c1 -3.5 t cosH0.5 tL + 0.16:

1. c1 + 0.16 5
Substitute x H0L 0 into

xHtL
t

-0.5 c1 -3.5 t sinH0.5 tL - 3.5 c2 -3.5 t sinH0.5 tL - 3.5 c1 -3.5 t cosH0.5 tL + 0.5 c2 :
-3.5 t cosH0.5 tL
-3.5 c1 + 0.5 c2 + 0. 0

Solve the system:

c1 4.84
c2 33.88

Substitute c1 4.84 and c2 33.88 into xHtL

c2 -3.5 t sinH0.5 tL + c1 -3.5 t cosH0.5 tL + 0.16:
Answer:

xHtL

4.84 cosH0.5 tL
3.5 t

33.88 sinH0.5 tL
+

3.5 t

+ 0.16