Introduction to Electrical Systems

Lecture 2 - SUMMARY

Instrumentation in Engineering & Science based on

Electrical Sensors

Electronics

Computers

Areas in Electrical & Electronic Engineering (EEE)

1)

Communications Systems data transmission

2)

Computer Systems process & storage

3)

Control Systems physical process control

4)

Electromagnetics antennas & electrical machines

5)

Electronics circuits

6)

Photonics use light to perform operations

7)

Power & Energy Systems energy conversion & transportation

8)

Signal Processing treatment of information (analog & digital)

Introduction to Electrical Systems

Lecture 1 - SUMMARY

Element

Electrical Current

Flow of electric charge through element

dc: direct current, ac: alternative current

Units
[ Amperes ] = [ Coulombs / second ]
[A] = [ C / s ]

Voltage

Energy transferred per unit of charge

Units
[ Volts ] = [ Joules / Coulomb ]
[V]=[J/C]

Power

Rate of energy transfer

Units
[ Watts] = [ Volts ] x [ Amperes ]
[ W ] = [ V ] x [A]

If (p>0) energy absorbed

If (p<0) energy supplied
2

Introduction to Electrical Systems

Lecture 1 - SUMMARY

Node

Node

KCL : Kirchhoffs Current Law

Sum of currents entering node = Sum of currents leaving node

KVL : Kirchhoffs Voltage Law

Sum of the voltages = 0 for any closed path (loop)

+
-

+
Loop

Introduction to Electrical Systems

Lecture 1 - SUMMARY

Series Circuit

Parallel Circuit

Identical currents

Identical voltages

Ohms Law

Resistance (R)
[ Ohms ] = [ Volts / Amperes ]
[ ] = [ V / A]
Conductance (G = 1 / R)
[ Siemens ] = [ 1 / Ohms ]
[S]=[1/]

Introduction to Electrical Systems

Lecture 1 - SUMMARY

Independent & Controlled Sources

Voltage

Current