Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mophong ONKK
Mophong ONKK
TN RI NGANG
MODELING AIR POLLUTION AND DEFINITING HORIZONTAL
TURBULENT COEFFICIENT
L Th Qunh H, Bi T Long
Vin C hc ng dng - Vin Khoa hc v Cng ngh Vit Nam
Email: quynhhale@hcm.vnn.vn, buita@hcmc.netnam.vn
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------TM TT
Trong bi bo trnh by phng php tip cn ca cc tc gi trong bi ton m phng lan truyn
cht nhim trong mi trng khng kh. Cc h s ny c s dng tnh ton nhim khng kh
do cc ng khi gy ra. Cc tc gi tin hnh tnh ton cc h s ny cho mt s tnh thnh Vit
Nam: TP H Ch Minh, Ninh Thun v Vng Kinh t trng im Min Trung. Cc kt qu tnh ton
nhim khng kh do cc ng khi vi cc h s nhn c cho kt qu ph hp vi thc t,
ABSTRACT
The methods for calculating the turbulent coefficients are presented in this paper. Those
coefficients are used for the air pollution modelling by the stacks. This method is realized for some
provinces in Vietnam : Hochiminh city, Ninh Thuan province, The Central-Vietnam Key Economic
Region. The use of those coefficient for modeling air pollution give the results appropriate to observed
data.
M u
S pht trin mnh m ca khoa hc k thut
ngy nay dn n s pht trinnhanh chng ca
sn xut hng ho v qu trnh th ho trn
ton th gii. Qu trnh pht trin kinh t x hi
mt mt khng ngng ci thin cht lng sng
ca con ngi, mt mt to ra mt lot cc vn
suy thoi mi trng trn ton cu, c bit
l nhng nc ang pht trin. V vy vic gi
gn v bo v mi trng tr nn vn bc
xc. Trong , vn bo v mi trng khng
kh chim mt v tr c bit.
C ( x, y, 0) =
(5)
C
C
C
C
C
+ Vx
+ Vy
+ Vz
=
+
Kx
t
x
y
z x
x
C max =
(1)
X max
K1
K 0U 1
2 U 1 H 1+ n
=
3 K 1 (1 + n )2
(7)
Trong cc cng thc (5), (6), (7) ta c:
M- Lng thi (Cng sut ngun thi)
(mg/s).
K1- H s khuch tn ri mc 1m (m/s).
n- S m ca hm bin thin tc gi
K0- Kch thc khuch tn ri ngang (m)
c trng cho s bin i ca hnh chiu
phu khi trn mt phng XOY, n c
lin h vi h s khuch tn ri ngang Ky v
tc gi trung bnh U theo cng thc:
(2)
z
U z = U 1
z1
0,116(1 + n) 2 M
U 1 H 1,5(1+ n )
(6)
x
z
y
y z
z
Vx
2(1 + n) K1 K 0 x3
U1 H n +1
y2
exp
2
(1 + n) K1 x 4 K 0 x
C
C
+ Ky
+ C C
+ Kz
y
y z
z
K0 = Ky/ U
U1- Tc gi ti cao Z=1m.
H - cao hiu dng ca ng khi (m). i
lng ny c tnh theo cng thc:
H = h + H
cao
thc ca ng khi (m)
h
H- nng ban u ca lung kh thi (m)
c tnh theo cng thc:
(3)
m
z
K z = K 1
z1
Uz- Tc gi ti cao z (m/s)
Kz- H s khuch tn ri ti cao z (m/s)
1
ln 2 (8)
z0
0.14u1 T
1
K1 =
1 u12
z2,0
ln
ln
z0
z0,5
1,5.W0 .R0
3,3.g .R0 .T
2,5 +
U 10
Tk .U 102
(10)
Nhng nm gn y ngi ta cn s dng cc
kt qu quan trc cn bng nhit ca b mt
m.
K1 = 0.8
(11)
Trong B cn bng bc x, P l dng nhit
vo t, t v e l chnh lch nhit v
m khng kh cc mc 0.5 m v 2 m
Xc nh cc h s khuch tn ri
H s khuch tn ri ng
nghin cu s phn tn ca cht nhim
trong khng kh cn thit phi bit gi tr ca h
s khuch tn ri trong lp kh quyn gn mt
t. Cc cng thc thc nghim gi nh profile
thng ng h s khuch tn ri biu th theo
qui lut lu tha c dng
z
K z = K1
z1
BP
T + 1.56e
T
K1 = 0,104.U 1 + 1,38
( U )
(12)
U = U2 - U0,5 - hiu tc gi mc 2 v
0,5 mt
(9)
H s khuch tn ri ngang
K x (t ) = u
R ( )d
u
(13)
trong Ru() l hm tng quan ca thnh
phn tc theo trc x.
1
0.9
0.8
Tu = Ru ( )d
0
0.7
-0.0857x
y=e
2
R = 0.9177
0.6
(14)
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
10
20
30
40
Mt s kt qu ban u
Trong phn ny chng ti dn ra mt s v d
kt qu tnh ton h s khuch tn ri cho mt
s a phng khc nhau theo nhng s liu kh
tng m chng ti c c: TP H Ch Minh,
Ninh Thun v Vng Kinh t Trng im Min
T ru n g .
Kt qu tnh ton h s khuch tn ri ngang
cho iu kin TP HCM
Chui s liu u vo l cc gi tr quan trc
chun v vn tc gi ca i Kh tng Thu
vn pha Nam trong cc nm 1991-2000 (mi
ngy 4 obs quan trc vo lc 1h, 7h, 13h v
1 9 h ).
Thng
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1991
5.64
5.22
5.00
6.15
8.99
21.65
9.88
9.91
4.52
11.60
4.63
1992
0.00
0.00
12.36
17.39
26.32
59.88
8.36
9.25
19.61
25.32
9.73
1993
5.48
4.18
6.22
0.00
16.81
9.35
22.17
10.27
5.02
25.25
10.21
1994
12.00
9.31
3.49
12.42
9.39
8.00
0.00
4.22
3.93
11.03
0.00
1995
11.24
6.83
0.00
0.00
72.99
5.36
7.46
10.03
24.27
9.85
5.73
12
11.21
3.43
5.52
13.87
0.00
Thng
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1996
0.00
7.67
9.12
10.01
13.50
5.66
74.07
26.81
49.75
9.08
6.92
9.89
1997
8.58
10.93
4.46
0.00
75.19
0.00
9.64
0.00
13.25
6.38
9.60
10.01
1998
23.53
5.69
8.40
4.87
33.11
0.00
0.00
29.94
24.57
21.88
13.53
14.04
1999
14.16
8.78
6.33
34.25
23.75
12.52
0.00
71.94
40.00
9.96
13.99
13.72
2000
5.25
14.86
24.04
8.02
0.00
31.75
22.57
31.55
67.57
31.85
17.42
11.67
1999
10.69
22.00
8.80
8.80
8.80
8.80
8.80
12.20
8.80
10.32
32.82
17.45
2000
14.11
26.86
50.69
96.10
25.61
25.61
25.61
108.31
25.61
3.04
25.61
8.21
2001
59.34
40.74
233.00
40.86
40.74
40.74
6.79
20.09
40.74
40.74
85.29
43.46
2002
28.10
7.26
7.26
7.26
7.26
7.26
7.26
7.26
7.26
7.26
20.39
38.60
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
2003
19.58
75.00
13.73
13.73
34.89
13.73
21.20
13.73
13.73
13.73
14.09
13.73
2002
68
65
64
63
70
65
79
75
68
76
66
55
HU
2003
65
60
57
70
79
68
70
74
69
69
73
71
2004
65
63
67
68
67
65
72
73
74
73
67
79
QUNG NGI
2001 2002 2003
51
47
42
43
50
48
59
57
47
63
56
65
69
62
49
77
66
37
68
85
64
62
59
64
66
67
66
48
47
47
37
40
50
46
60
37
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
2001
21.91
8.79
8.74
13.27
260.90
0.00
0.00
24.25
10.72
7.18
21.07
12.07
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
2002
36.09
24.82
19.78
11.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
30.14
21.36
16.29
5.94
3.13
1
2
3
4
5
2001
6.38
7.16
6.04
3.75
3.83
QUNG NGI
2002
9.57
16.13
42.89
19.10
4.97
0.00
0.00
5.39
0.00
42.99
27.26
16.51
HU
2003
101.99
29.38
28.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.17
20.98
NNG
2002
6.27
3.14
5.44
4.01
4.75
3.09
2.72
0.00
0.00
5.56
13.36
4.70
0.00
0.00
0.00
4.20
0.00
3.06
4.22
0.00
0.00
2.64
0.00
9.26
3.82
6.06
2003
69.46
81.10
71.76
0.00
0.00
14.52
10.58
0.00
0.00
24.00
46.40
11.52
nh gi tin cy ca cc tham s K0 c
tnh ton theo phng php trnh by trn,
chng ta xem xt kt qu ng dng cc kt qu
ny vo tnh ton thc t cho cc a phng ni
trn.
Kt qu tnh ton bc u cho Nh
my in Hip Phc - a bn TP H Ch
Minh
Nh my in Hip Phc c xy dng nhm
cung ng b sung ngun in cho khu ch xut
Tn Thun, th trn mi dc ng 17 km v
khu cng nghip c bn ti pha nam. Nh my
nm ti p ng, x Hip Phc, Huyn Nh
B, TP H Ch Minh, a im ny nm ti im
hp lu ca sng Nh B v knh ng in.
Trong nhng nm 1999 2000 Vin Mi
Trng v Ti Nguyn tin hnh gim st
mi trng khng kh ca nh my, nhng s
liu ny v s liu quan trc ca i Kh tng
Thu vn Nam b l c s cho nhng tnh
ton so snh
2004
12.50
18.81
16.81
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
35.54
0.00
15.83
8.88
6.05
2003
5.88
12.15
10.02
2.49
3.08
Thng
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
TCVN
SO2
0.469
0.484
0.340
0.240
0.238
0.479
0.518
0.511
0.345
0.348
0.524
0.478
0.5
CO
0.185
0.198
0.117
0.079
0.074
0.198
0.021
0.199
0.118
0.119
0.182
0.176
40
Bi
0.199
0.021
0.013
0.010
0.008
0.022
0.022
0.022
0.013
0.013
0.021
0.020
0.3
NOx
0.032
0.034
0.023
0.013
0.012
0.021
0.025
0.023
0.021
0.023
0.038
0.035
0.4
VOC
0.061
0.065
0.038
0.026
0.024
0.065
0.068
0.065
0.039
0.039
0.060
0.058
-
Thng
Tn sut
ln nht
(%)
Hng gi
c tn sut
ln nht
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
49.2
58.0
41.9
16.7
21.8
45.8
21.8
49.2
32.5
30.6
43.3
75.8
NE
NE
NE
SE
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
NE
NE
NE
Vn tc
trung bnh
ca hng
(m/s)
5.08
4.51
4.42
3.40
3.67
3.24
4.00
3.79
2.87
3.45
4.08
4.45
Thng
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
TCVN
CO
1.81
1.51
2.35
2.52
1.42
2.97
1.83
2.42
3.60
2.86
2.52
2.34
40
SO2
2.60
1.64
3.50
4.52
2.89
5.03
3.34
4.34
5.99
4.42
3.74
3.49
0.5
Bi
1.10
0.71
1.44
1.87
1.00
1.76
1.18
1.53
1.90
1.70
1.52
1.42
0.3
NO2
6.00
3.79
8.07
10.43
6.39
11.24
7.38
9.66
13.55
10.20
8.62
8.05
0.4
10
cc i ca cc cht u vt qu nng
cho php. Tuy nhin cc vng c nng cht
nhim ln hn gi tr cho php c din tch
khng ln lm xung quanh chn cc ng khi, v
vy nhng khu vc gn chn cc ng khi c
nng cht nhim cao.
Kt lun
Nh vy, trong bi bo ny da trn c s l
thuyt cc tc gi ra mt phng php xc
nh h s khuch tn ri ngang ng dng
11
12