In the seek to answer questions that cannot be answered by science, human beings

realized the need for philosophical studies. Therefore, philosophy is the rational
attempt to formulate, understand and answer fundamental questions. This has four
main branches namely: metaphysics, epistemology, logic and ethics.
Metaphysics. Also known as the philosophy of knowledge. Metaphysics takes on the
direct meaning that which comes after physics. The person who studies this is
known as a metaphysicist or a metaphysician. This studies the most general
characteristics of reality or existence. It attempts to create a distinction between
appearance and reality. Dealing with issues of reality, God, freedom and the soul.
For example, what is the place of humans in the universe?
Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge, such as the
relationships between truth, belief, and theories of justification. Epistemologists
search for a theory of what knowledge is and how it might be distinguished from
opinion. They look for a definition of truth and wonder how we might correctly
distinguish truth from error.
Ethics the study of the nature of morality and judgment. This theory of moral
values dwells on what is good or evil for man-and why? This also includes right
action, obligation and justice. It is our means of deciding a course of action. Without
it, our actions would be random and aimless. Ethics formulates principles to guide
moral decisions. An example of an ethical issue is: Are abortion, suicide and
euthanasia ever morally justifiable?
Logics is the science of evaluating arguments. It is an attempt to answer the
questions asked by logicians: what makes an argument valid or invalid? Through
this one is able to detect a fallacy.