Grade 8 Science

Unit 2: Optics

Chapter 6:
Lenses refract light to
form images.

Lenses
A

curved piece of
transparent material that
refracts light in a
predictable way.
Usually made from glass or
plastic.

Lenses

There are two types of

lenses:
1. Convex
Centre of the lens bulges
out
Causes light rays to bend
toward each other
(converge)

2. Concave
Centre of the lens is curved
in
Causes light rays to bend
away from each other
(diverge)

Convex vs. Concave Lenses

Convex Lenses
Can

glass

act as a magnifying

Corrective Lenses

The Eye (pg. 229)

Vision

Near-sighted Vision
See

objects up close but

not at a distance.
Concave lenses are used to
correct this vision.

Near- sighted Vision

Far-sighted Vision
See

objects at a distance
but not up close.
Convex lenses are used to
correct this vision.

Far-sighted Vision

Fibre Cable

CORE
STSE:
Fibre
Optics

Optical Technologies...
1. Microscopes
Uses two convex lenses
with relatively short focal
points to magnify
Magnified twice to
increase enlargement

The Microscope

2. Telescopes
The objective lens has a
longer focal length than the
microscope.
Can have either a refracting
or reflecting telescope

Refracting Telescope (pg. 245)

The

lenses bend light to

focus it.
The objective lens must be
as large as possible to view
distant galaxies (makes it
heavy)

Reflecting Telescope (pg. 246)

Uses

a concave mirror,
plane mirror and a convex
lens to collect and focus
light from objects at a great
distance.
Most large telescopes are
this type.

The Hubble Space Telescope

Launched in 1990

The Reflecting
Telescope

3. Cameras (pg. 248)

4. Binoculars (pg. 247)
5. Face shields
6. Magnifying glasses
7. Contact lenses
8. Flashlights
9. Eye glasses

The Nature of Science

The

development of new
technologies involve many
individuals and groups of
people.
These technologies can
alter what we know about
the nature of science.

Individuals...

1602

Galileo

1672

Newton

Groups...