Stockholders own shares in a company and are involved in profit sharing. They must ensure company managers perform properly. Stockholder accountability has two types: vertical accountability refers to mechanisms where citizens can hold the powerful accountable, like elections; horizontal accountability refers to checks between organizations. Stockholder accountability has three essential features - it is external, involves social interaction and exchange, and implies authority rights. It also includes transparency, answerability, compliance, and enforcement sanctions as core accountability components.
Stockholders own shares in a company and are involved in profit sharing. They must ensure company managers perform properly. Stockholder accountability has two types: vertical accountability refers to mechanisms where citizens can hold the powerful accountable, like elections; horizontal accountability refers to checks between organizations. Stockholder accountability has three essential features - it is external, involves social interaction and exchange, and implies authority rights. It also includes transparency, answerability, compliance, and enforcement sanctions as core accountability components.
Stockholders own shares in a company and are involved in profit sharing. They must ensure company managers perform properly. Stockholder accountability has two types: vertical accountability refers to mechanisms where citizens can hold the powerful accountable, like elections; horizontal accountability refers to checks between organizations. Stockholder accountability has three essential features - it is external, involves social interaction and exchange, and implies authority rights. It also includes transparency, answerability, compliance, and enforcement sanctions as core accountability components.
Every company has its organization and it may consist of several
members. One of the members of the company is the Stockholder. The stockholder is the one that owns the corporate stock in the company. And as a stockholder, they are involve in the profit sharing and must secure the performance of the managers is at their will. However, the accountability is not only observed on the managers but also on the stockholders. The accountability is the answerability of the obligation to perform the delegated responsibility and to exercise the authority for the proper performance of the work. There are two types of accountability namely: Vertical accountability and Horizontal Accountability. The Vertical Accountability refers to mechanisms in which citizens and their associations can directly hold the powerful to account, such as through elections in which voters select representatives and also hold incumbents to account. This is exercise between the organizations or from the top management to low level management. While on the other hand, the Horizontal Accountability refers to inter-institutional mechanisms or checks and balances. This is exercise from the industry or from firm to firm. The stockholders accountability has three essential features and enumerated as: (1) It is external; (2) It involves social interaction and exchange; and (3) It implies rights of authority. This also includes the Four Core Components of Accountability in Global Governance namely: (1) Transparency; (2) Answerability or Justification; (3) Compliance; and (4) Enforcement or Sanctions. As well as, the Six Basic Components for Accountability which is the (1) Person Responsible, (2) Stakeholder, (3) Subject Matter, (4) Evidence, (5) Accountability Rule and (6) Accountability Analysis Point. This core component is a critical role that must be seen to ensure that the stockholder is in full responsible to make the accountability for real.