PU ey Unit 1 Patterns in Whole Numbers, page 4 Skills You'l Need, page 7 tayo Bo) 80) 300 2a) 3m) 800 «) 600d) 2400 3.a) 30) S000 e) 1310) 6300 4. For example: Wen we multiply by 10, each number gets 10 times as great. Each digit nthe eumber moves 1 place tothe let in place-velue chart, We use Oas 2 place bolder. 5.a) 3600 b) 10800 @) 132.000 6a) 21 by 7 18 a) 6 ) 70 fy 15 a) 18 wm) 50 ys Ta) 3 b) 290 ©) 425 6) 98100 e) 2079 496 8, b: 492, and o: 12345, 9, For example: 864, 1212, 2451, 10 548 10. «870 Ha) 1.2.3,45,610 Bb) 7 44 Numbors All Around Us, page 12 4a) i1S bp 208) BI) B e) 124 336g) 6500) 1050 Hs 7B RSLS 2.a) 6952 b) 73 ©) 3336 2898 31 403 3, For example 1a) About 190; 100 + 90 190, 'b) About 100; 120-20 ~ 100, €) About 6305 70 « 9 = 630 4) About 6; 42070" 6 4.a) Bight hundred fifteen millon thirty-six thousand alls. ') For example, estimate: ‘51.600 000 000 ~ $800 090 900 = $200 000 000 Exact answer: S154 964 000 5. 149-000 sandwiches 6. About 65 000 000 om; 650 000 m:; 650 km 7.a) 3600 bagels by $1440.00 8.2208 8. For example a) About 1280; low ——_b) About 3200; low ©) About 45 ow 4) About 2; ow 40, For example: Last week, Sunil worked Monday, ‘Tuesday, Wednesday, and Saturday. How much money id Sunil eam lst week? Answer: $126 414, About 210 men of rain fll in 2 ays. About how muck rain wil fall in 3 days? What assumptions did you make? ‘Answer: About 315 mm: I assumed rain continued {alling athe same rate for 3 days 42.a) No, The nutnbers are approximate b) 2373800 ¢) 593-450 4) About 5 times as many @) For example: Approximately how many times as many people lve in PE and Nova Seotia as live in Newfoundland and Labrador? Answer: Approximately 2 mes as many. 413.2) 4and6 b) LT and? ¢) Forexample: 38 and 36 ‘Part c as more than one answer 112 Factors and Multiples, page 18, 4. For example: 9) 5,10, 15,20 b) 14,21,28, 42 €) 48,56, 80, 88 2a) 1,2,3,6,9, 18 b) 1,2,4,5, 10,20 ©)1,2,4,7,14,28 ——) 1,2,3,4,6,9, 12,18, 36 e) 1,37 8) 1,3,5,9, 15,45 B.a) 1,2,5,10,25,50 b) 1,3,17,51 67 6) 1,3,5,15,25,75 ©) 1,2, 3,4, 6,9, 12, 14,21, 28, 42, 84 A) 1,2,3,4,5,6,8, 10, 12,15, 20, 24,30, 40, 60, 120 4.8) Composite; 18 has more than 2 factors. bb) Prime; 13 as only 2 factors: itself and 1 ©) Compoxite; 9 as more than 2 factors, 4) Prime; 19 has only 2 factors: itself and | ) Prime; 61 has only 2 factors: itselfand | {) Prime; 2 has only 2 factors: itself and 1 Sas 4 SS 6a) 12) 1) 36g) SD) 54 7a) Yes b) Yes 8.2) Lord b) 1,2,3, 076 9. in I2days 40. For example: 4 and 16 are “near-perfect” because the sum ofall is factors, except itself, is one less than the umber, 32s also “near-perfect.” 113 Squares and Square Roots, page 21 1a) 64) 255 og) 9) 841 2a) 16) 289g) 169) 2704 3a) NL) 100 10.000) 1.000.000 ) 1) 190000000) 1.000.000 000 000 ANSWERS 46544 2 gD 5.a) 10m b) Bem ©) 9m 6.0) Y5,4.Y5.36 bof 100, 15,19, 1500 7.8, 10,11, 12, 13,16 8. 1,4,9, 16,25, 36,49, 64,81, 100,121, 144,16, 196, 225, 256,29, 324,361, 400 2a) 2m bam) 20 10.5m Unit 1 mid-Unit Review, page 22 11.8) About 1 220-000; I rounded wo the nearest ten thousand, 'b) 135 880; but, since the mumbers of Smiths and Jones change with every birth and death, we can never know the exact number. «) For example: Approximately how many more adults Dave the samaimes Jones and Williams than Smith? Answer: (400 000 + 280 090) ~ $40 000 = 140 000 2.590 Ba) 15,735 b) 1,2,3.4,6,8, 12,24 4. For example: a)2,3 b) 52 912 4) 5,3 ©) 3.9 973 5. 6,12, 18,30, 36, 42 are inthe loop with multiples of 6; 8, 16, 32, 40, 56, 64 are in the loop with multiples of 8; 24 and 48 are in the overlapping part ofthe loops. 6.a) 3 b) 30 7.a) 7 has only 2 factors: | and itself. 'b) 8 has more than 2 factors. 8. No, because no even m 9.9m 10.8) 7 by 64 10 4) 8 11, 8 + 6?= 64436 = 100 12, 100~ 107-70 000 4, Since { % 11 and 1*= 1, then YE=YP= 1 ers are prime (except for 2). 1A Exponents, page 25 a2 b)3 7 gO se HS 2s b)2 Tt MS e10 H4 Ba) 2*2%2x2 b) 10 10% 10 €) 6x 6x6x6x6 dy as a2 f) 5x5x5x5 4a) 3 by? o) 5 a) 10°) 79-9 Sa) %=25 bp 3a si QP=8 P79 6.0) 16 b) 1000 3483 9) 256 Za) 10" b) 10% 6) 10°) 10! @) 10°) 108 ‘The exponent equals the number of zeros whe the turner is written in stander form, sayF ye hr a yr 92! 9a) <3 8<9 e) > 4s 81> 64 by > 5832525 a) Stas 625 < 1024 10.5, 34,6,3 Aa) 5314e1—b) 343 6) 15625, 6) 65536) 43046721 f) 8388608 waa) 16-2 m 16! a s1=3'=9"=81" i 64 24 =82 = 60! »b) For example: 25 19-39 =27 419.2) For example: §* b)S* units squared } 9 wits eubed 16*~ 256"; 9 45 Numbor Patterns, page 30, 1a) 15,17,19 b) 625,3125, 15 625 ©) 16,19,22 10000, 100 000, 1 000 o00 @) 16,1514) 71, 69,67 2.a) 13, 18,24 by 25,36,49 ) 141, 151, 161, 4) 12345, 123 456, 1234567 9) 256, 1024, 4096 f) 16,8,4 ‘.a) Start at 200, Subtract 1, Add 2, Increase the number by 1 cach time you add or subtract, 202, 197, 203 ‘Stat at 4 Add 3 Increase the number added by 2 esch time, 28, 39, 52 ©) Star at 100, Subtract 1. Increase the number subtracted by | each me 90, 85, 79 4) Star at 2, Addl 4 Increase Une number added by 2 each time. 30, 42,56 @) Start st 50, Subtract 2 Increase the number subtracted bby 2 cach time. 30, 20, 8 4) Start at 2, Muliply by 3 0 ger the next term, 160, 486, 1458 4, For example: 23, 24, 27,32, Start ar23. Add 1. Increase the number adéed by 2 cach time. 39, 48,59 5, 1089; 10 989; 109 989...; 10 999 999 989 2178521 978; 219 978...5 21 999 999 978 3267; 32 967; 329 967...; 32 999 999 967 o aoa a ‘9801; 98 901; 989 901. 98 999 999 901 6.2) 10, 15,21 by 1,3,6,10, 15,21 ) 28, 36 start I. Add2. Increase the number adéed by ‘each time. 4) 4,9, 16, 25,36, 49,64; these are perfect squares 81, 100, 121 ©) 2,3,4, 5, 6,7, 8: each number is 1 greater than the previous number. 9,10, 11 Za) 64,128,216 b) 343, 512, 729; thisis 7,8, ° 8.2) 2,4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256,512, 1024 b) 2,4, 8 6 repeated ANSWERS 466€) very fourth wer has he units digit 6 2 is the Fortes ter and 40 is divisible by 4, so its units digit is 6 4) For example: Inthe fist 10 powers of 3, the units digit follows the pattern 3,9, 7 1 repeated. Every fourth term has the units digit 1, so, 3" would bave the units iit. 9. For example a) 1,2,4,8, 16,32, ... Multiply cach term by 2 by 1,4,9, 16,25, 36, 49,... Stara L. Add 1. Square cach number add. ©) 5,25, 125, 625, 3125, ... Molkiply each term by 5. Reading and Writing in Math: Using Different Strategies, page 32 1.45 2144 3. Twenty-five | by 1 squares; sixteen 2 by 2 squares; nine ‘3 by 3 squares; four 4 by 4 squares; one 5 by 5 square. Unit 4 Unit Review, page 35 4.9) 12542 b) 1000 420 @) 375 9) 1372 078 2a) 132.002 ») For example: How many more points did Kareem Abdul-Jabbar score haat Michael Jordan? Answer: 9110 3.8) For example: 99 + 100 + 101; 58+59+60~61 + 62 b) For example: The numberof terms is equal t> 300 divided by the middle term. The sum ofthe ‘outside terms is double the mide term. €) Yes: unless the munber i prime 4.2) 45 mio, asuming be did not stop, aad be mai the same speed by Ina S-weekend month, Tana will make $275, assuming she bubysits the same amount of time a the same rate each weekend. 5, $2328 6.8) 1,2,3,4,6,9, 12,1836 b) 1,2,5,10,25, 50, ©) 1,3,5, 15,25, 75 1,709" 7.8) 9, 18,27,36, 45, $4, 63, 72, 81,90 b) 7, 14,21,28, 35,42, 49,36, 63, 70 ©) 12,24, 36,48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120 4) 15,30, 45, 60,75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 8a) 6 by 180 9. One, Two isthe only even prime number. All ther even ‘numbers bave more than two factors 10.9) 11 » 3 is ta) 5 » 10 a9 12.2) 49cm?) 289m") 8649 nl 18.36 1425 1B.a) 363545333381 bp 2; 2;5;22«2422)32 6) 107, 10;7, 10% 10% 10 10 10> 10 10; 10.000 000 0) 5% 5545 54 5x 5% 5625 0) 45454, 4d 4 4 256 16.3) 10000 g by 10° 47. 85,3, 34,28 48.8) 11,12, 14 in 16,32, 64 i) 25, 36,49 iv) 13, 18,24 by Start at 3. Add2, Add I. Continue to alterate the nusnber aded, 1) Start t 1, Multiply by 2to get the next term. Ii) Start at 1, Add 3. Inerease the number added by 2 each time iv) Stat at 3, Add 1. Increase the number added by 1 cach time 1a) Hea; 284 Fe 13; by See eG; aP 85 €) Start at 5. Add 8, Increase the number added by 4 each time, 20.9) P32 +H 4a ast = 85; Pe2sP 484540291 by For example: The difference between consecutive terms is equal to a square mumber. 25,44 stat Unit Practice Test, paye 37 4, For example: a) 1970 by 45 ) 30000 2.3950 13. 4,8, 12, 16,24, 48 are inthe loop for factors of 48; 9, 18 ae in the loop for factors of 18 1, 2,5, 6 arin the overlapping part of the loops Ger =6 4, 30, 60,90, 12 5.78 6. Once 7.8) VB. 9,210" by 2, 3%, 17,400, 10 x 10% 10 8. 64.em? 9.a) 15,21, 28; start at 1. Add2, Increase the number added by 1 exch time. bb) 29, 31,33; start 023, Add 2 to get each new term. <) 36,25, 16; start at 100, Subtract 19. Decrease the umber subtracted by 2 cach time to.9) Pes +S=35 by OH 35 eri 130, 180 ANSWERS 467Unit 1 Unit Problom: Fibonacci! Numbers, page 38 1a) 6,8:7,13 by 1,1,2,3,5,8, 13 A torm is equal to the sum ofthe two preceding tems 2.b) The Fhonacei numbers are the numbers of bes in cach generation going back: 1, 1, 2,3, 5, 8,13, 21 38.1,1,2,3,5,8, 13,21, 34, 59, 89, 144,233,377, 610 a) Bven 3 as 45,13, 34; they match every second tenn of the Fibonacei numbers, beginning atthe fifth term. $9, 233, Unit 2 Ratio and Rate, page 40 ‘Skills You'l Need, page 42 Aayis 8 au a6 2.a) 4,8,12,16,20,24 —b) 7, 14,21, 28, 35,42 ©) 9,18,27,36,45,54 12, 24,36, 48, 60, 72 3a)36 by 0g) 80 42190 12) 0 5.a) 128m b) O.68km ec) 245¢kg d) 1987L 0) 820m) 1250m a) 450g hy) 2300m, 2: Whats Ratio, page 47 ta3as |B) LIS) 74 2.8) Green ore counter is 9:7 3) Git to boy is 83 €) Fiction fo non-fiction books is 2:5 asa 4 For example: ee ee 5. For example a) rediaron ~ 3:5; ens pts ~ 3:5 1) pplecbmanas «7: No. The ratio of sells for Jeo Marais 2:3. Jf got of te shes and Maria gor. 7a) 083) 5 35 Ww) 825 ») 53 3 33 W416 B.a) 11 cups b) 32523 sal ) 2:2,2:3;4:10 2) For example: IF2 cups of pecans are added tthe salad, what isthe ratio of pecans to oranges and apples? Answer: 2:5 9.a) For example: Red circles to red squares and ed wiangles is3:5; red figures to green figures ‘and ue figures is 8:3; triangles to circles is 5:3; seen figures to blue figures is 2:1 ) Change 1 red circle wo a green square, Then, red figures to green figures is 7:3; eteles to triangles iss. 2.2 Equivalent Ratios, page 52 41.8) For example: 6:8, 9:12, 30:40 ) For example: 7:2, 28:8, 70:20 2aysd BIS) BI 1D 3, 253 ~ 6:9; 9:12= 3:4; 85 = 16105 12= 3.6 4.a) For example: 30 non-fietian books and 10 fetion books b) Many answers ae possible 5.30 em by 15 em 6, For example: rodcblue = 5:6, blve:green = 6:8; red blue = 10:12, blue-green = 12:16 23 Comparing Ratios, page 55 1A 2.9) Forexample:35 ——_-&b) The box with ratio 3:2 3. Madby; Alison made 54 of 117 shots and Madhu made 65 of 117 shots; 65> 54 4.3) 5 cans of white paint mixed with 7 cans of blue paint 'b) 3 cans of white paint mixed with 4 cans of bive paint S.a) A215 B 3: by Add I ean of concentrate to B. 6.2) Ms. Arbuckle’s class; 2 more b) No 7. Amin's pay Unit 2Mid-Unit Review, page 57 Lat 32 16g) BIT 2a) 23 i 53 ii) 5:10 0° 1.2 b) 912 4) 4:20r21 i) 4:7 3a) 74 by 34 sat 4.2) For example: 106, 50:30, 55:33, ) Forexample: 18°72, 30:120, 600:2400 Sa) i) 13 W 3:1 iy 38 'b) i) purple teblue ) yellow red, purple to green 6.2) 12 girls b) 32 7.a) Stwagee b) Weaker 2.4 Applications of Ratios, page 60 ta) 810 Hees woo 6 18 by 13 997 a 6L @) 20 ans arange conevatiat, 10 cans cranberry ‘concentrate, and 30 cans water 2a) 1:50 b) 16cm 6) 135m 3a) 120) Tom) 06m) OL 4, No, The waits must be the same when writing ratios of 5a) Be b) 10k ANSWERS 4686.a) His father b) 80m @) 20m 2.5 Whats a Rate?, page 64 4.8) 60 wordsimin b) 25 m/min €) 20 pagesth 2a) Skah —b) 36km/a——_) 600 kmh 3, 120 beatsnin 4a) $0.48%m —b) $2.40 9) 5m S.a) 2Skm ——b) 25 kv 6.a) $50.00 b) £12 7.8 minfkin 8.2) )Taiwkm i) Smivkm —) 85 minim 'b) For example: 8.8 minke; 6827 min Unit 2 Unit Review, page 69 1a) 109 bp 194 9) 419 2, For example: Red to yellow is 2:9, green to blue is 2:3, red and green to blue is 1:1, blue to yellow is 23, 43. For example: Divide cach number by 5, 5:2; multiply each number by 2, 50:20 4, Length to width is 24:16 5. Ms. Beveridye’s class 6.a) 2:45 oF 1225 b) 320em ——o) 13.5 m rays b) 12 red, S white 8.2) 40kwh —b) 25D m/min) $8/h 9.2) Lion b) 11:9 ion to zebra UUnit2 Practice Test, page 71 1a) 91 i 12 a s6 2) 2a) Tigers they have 21 wins for 12 lose. ‘he Leos have 20 wins fr 12 Isses 1) Leos they would have 10 wins fr lostes “The Tigers would have 7 wins fr 5 losses. 3.2) 16Dem ») 125m 4a) CorAS mis,Car B45 ms b) 2m 5. No. For example: bath est wee ou of 60, Trevor's snark would be and Anne’s mark would be ‘Anne's mat i higher. Unit 2 Unit Problem: Who's the Smartest?, page 72 4. Human 40:1; monkey 70:1; camel 800:1 Por example: Humans are the smartest because they have 1 greater brain mass to body mass ratio, 2. Human 10:1; monkey 6-1; camel 40:3 Por example: Monkeys are the smartest because they have greater brain length to body length ratio 3.0.5 om lang; 30 em long Unit 3 Geometry and Measurement, page 74 ‘Skills You'll Need, page 75 4.2) For example: All of them havea base, fives, edges, and vertices. They have different shapes. ») For example: Pentagonal prism—barm; wiangular prism Toblerone chocolate bar; square pyramid— pyramid in Egypt; hexagonal pyramid—top of chureh tower; cubo-sugar cube; tetrahedron —juive pack 2.4 Sketching Views of Solids, page 79 4.a) Front views adultand child ) Top or bottom view; siplane ‘) Side views person in wheelchair 2. 1: Top or bottom view of D K: Top or bottom view of B L: Side view of B; side and back view of C; back view (of E; side and buck view of D M: Side view of [Ns Sida, front, and back view ofA front and back view ofB P: Top orbottom view of A (0; Front and side view of D; front and side view of C side view of B; front view of E 8.a) No. For example: A cube is the only prism with ‘eongruent faces, s all views are the seme. b) For example: A square pyramid or square prism €) For example: A wiangular prism 4) For example: A chair 3:2 Sketching Solids, page #6 6c) $31.80 (e) Answers vay. ) Yes, Answers vary. 3.3 Building Objects rom Nets, page 91 4.4) Triangular prism ) For example; The object has 2 congruent angular faces, and 3 aon-congruent rectangular faces. The 2 triangular faces are parallel. 2sa) Yes. Forexanple: It isa slid with faces that are polygons. ‘3.a) Qetu means eight, and an octahedron as cight sides, 'b) Iehas 8 congruent triangular faces. It is regular because al the feces ae congruent 4) Foc example: A pyran with trapezoid bases ithas 2 triangular congruent feoes, 2 iangular ‘noo-congnieat faces, and I trapezoid base ANSWERS 469b) Forexample: A pyramid with a parallelogram base; ithes 2 puis of congruent triangular faces and { parallelogram as a bas, Both of them ate pyramids with 5 faces. Their bases ace diferent. ‘5, The dodecahedron has 12 congru ‘regular pentagons. 6. A soccer ball is made up of pentagans and hexagons. Bach hexagon i attached to 3 hexagons and 3 pentagons. a) The bases are 2 congruent pentagons. The faces are 5 congruent rectangles. ») A pentagonal prism, 8, For example; Allof them are polyhedra. faces that are Unit 3 Mid-Unit Review, page 03 4, For exemple: 5 different views; there might be a hidden cube that you would not see on isometric dot paper. 6, A pentagonal prism; 2 congruent pentagons that ate parallel, 2 pars of congroent rectangular fues, and 1 non-congrnent rectangular fac. 6.a) For example: Cube: rectangular prism 'b) For example: Triangular prisms; square pyramid 2.4 Using Variables in Measurement Formulas, page 96 1.8) 200m») 36cm e} Sem) 32em 2a) 18 em b) Rent Ba) i) b=3;h= 2 W B=Sh=4 il) b= 2 h=D »b) For example: b and h canbe replaced by any value, but the forma for the area stays the same, ©) Band h have the same vain. 4a) A= 48 om The perimeter is equal to two times the base plas wo times the height, The formals ae the same, because they show that all 4 side lengths ae added. 3.5 Surface Area of a Rectangular Prism, page 99 1.2) 160em? —b) 26cm?) S82? 2.$4= Tem! 3a) Tem? b) 13Sem®@—€): 133.6 en? 4.a) 6 unit? ') The surface area is multiplied by 4 {) Tho surface areas multipliod by 9. 6) 96 uit itis 6 times the square ofthe edge length ‘5 For example: The surface area is ofthe orignal surface ares, The length and width of each face is halved, so the area of each face is fof the original 6.) 5 cans of pint 1b) Forenample: There are no windows, andthe nse of the door is pint 7. For example: When each length i doubled the surfs aes quadroples. When cach length is halved, te sure area is reduced to tof its orginal vale 8.2) 832m? —b) A36em# 6) 1580em* Ba) 9cn® = b) 3m 40.2) 400-g box: = 1964 em; 150-g box: $4= 2610 en b) Ratio of sunfice area is 34; rato of masses is 1:2 €) No, Answers vay. 44. 2mby2mby $m 42. 3emby 4emby 6 em 3.6 Volume ofa Rectangular Prism, page 102 4a) A= 40 om; ¥=120em" b) 4=S1 om’; 7=729 em ) A= 200 em; V= 6000 ent? 2a) 615m? b) 96cm? ——o) 252 em" +3, 36 em by 1 emby | om; [8 omby 2 em by I em; 12 em by Jemby 1 em; 9 omby 4 em by I em: 9 em by 2emby 2m: 6 emby 6 emby | em; {6 cm by 3 om by 2 em; 4 em by 3 em by 3em 4.8) 1260 om! by 2 em? €¢) For example: 3 rows of 19, or 10 rows of 3 ) For example: 2 cm by 7 em by 3 em 5.2) The volume is doubled. 'b) Tae volume is quadrupled ©) The volume is multiplied by & 6. For example The volume doubles if you double one of the lengths, The tual surface area does not doubt. 7a), b) 1 prise: 1, 2,3, 5,7, I, 13,17, 19 cubes, 2 prisms: 4, 6, 9, 10, 14,15 cubes; 3 prisms: 8 cubes; 4 prisms: 12, 16, 18,20 cubes ©) For example: Any priane number will make exactly 1 rectangular prism, 8.2) For example: 6 em by 2 em by 2 em; 12 em by 2m by Tem; 4 emby3 em by 2.0m b) For example: Greatest surface area = 76 em least gurfuee arca = 52 emi? ©) For example: 24em by 1 cm by | ems S4=98 em? 4) For example: 4 em by 2m by 3 cm; SA = 52 or Unit 3 Unit Review, page 107 2.8) 0) Top view: allway if) Sie viow: fish and e line with a book 3.a) For example: Ithas 8 faces. ANSWERS 10by For example: It is made vp of hexagons and triangles. 4.2) 49 en? b) 36m? 5a) SA=6e b) 96om? 6.2) 268m —_b) $805;23 bundles are needed. Ta) $4~ Tn; V= 36m b) SA 114 om!; ¥=72 ex {¢) SA = 15.000 cm; Y= 125 000 om? 8.a) 11 rolls of wallpaper, 1 ean of paint ) For example: There are no windows, andthe inside of {he door willbe painted. 9, The cube has edge length 6 unis 40, 28 mby 1 mby 1m, SA= 114 ms 14mby2mby 1 m,S4=88 my Jmby 4mby 1 m,$4= 78 mt, 7 mby 2mby 2m, SA= 64m? 42a) 3 my Lmby 6 mby 3m 'b) 4 em; 5 em by 3.em by 4em. 413, Forexample: 10 6m Unit 3 Practice Test, page 109 2,a) It has an equilateral triangle base with 3 congruent teapernid faces, and an equilateral triangle top. Name: truncated tetrahedron frustum) 3.a) S4=776 mi, 7= 1344? fb) 7=9 = 343 em SA 5b) Area ofmaterial =3.6 2, Y= ‘Area of material = 3.25 mi, = 2.64 m? €¢) For example: The second desiga, because the volumes ae almost the same, but the second design uses less rater 6. For exarmple: A pentagonal pyramid Unit 4 Fractions and Decimals, page 114 Skils You Nood, page 118 tte et zit Ba)05 B98 e124 325 O72 1.006) 0056 ) 0276 §) 0008 4a) 1588) 761) 12588) 3.72 ) 127638 f) 123913.) 1645 hy #5382 $a) 3.1,3:9,4116 412,732 38) 0.62, 065,2.591, 415,44 6) 1.25, 143,25, 281,362 6) 1.752, 18,267, 3669, 3.68 4.1 Combining Fractions, page 122 ayy bt at a: 2a) 2 4 mi by Since she denominator stays the same, just ad the 4a)t 5. For example: 6.0) Moca te} Hertwothe ate and her mother ato 1b) Her brother's fraction can also be written a8. ray7 BD 8. Forexample: $+ $n$ 3e=052 44.2 Adding Fractions Using Models, page 128 2 ahd zoe we 23. Forexample: d+ ah oh ad : 5.a) 2 by ford} Bord 6) Hort 6.a) One denominator is @ moliple ofthe ote. 'b) The common denominator is ene ofthe two genominators rat oa og ) ord 8.2) The prodct ofthe 2 denominators tels the number Hine to use by Each denominator isnot a multiple or a factor ofthe other ©) ‘The product ofthe unrelated denominators gives the ‘common denominator, and the number inc to use yd Bog E 12, Therein Bof the chocolate let 1, The pitcher holds 2 cups. 14.2) ewenty-fourths ») fifleenths ©) twentieths ) twelfhs 4.3 Adding Fractions, page 130 wi SS 2a) 1 02 3.) Bor ©) Borg, at 9 Sort, oe) Bork ANSWERS an2.) » ook 11, Statements te. Te sum ofthe factions mst be fess than or equa to 1 whe 12, Forexample:}144h=1 a1 44 Subtracting Fractions Using Models, page 138 tale ye at oF 2.a) Subtract the numerators while keeping the same denominator. For example: 6. Aaron has up ofr Ie rye wd 92 tod 8a) 5 bye lt at sate wi of at 410. Xo; he needs up more stay} ye 953 42.2) More; she used ofa tank 1b) She uted mor 43.3) Poni 'b) For example: By using extimation, or umber ies 4. subtracting Fractions, page 197 wt oak Dy 1.) Sa) iz aay sa) 6) 7a) Tors he bikes 3h the nest Saturday, and Sam oaly sites 3th 1) Ter bikes longer then Sem ) How add and sobre actions Unit 4 Mid-Unit Review, page 140 ta) be ot ay 2a) ora, by por 8 forth Bort Herts @ Bork fo) Bort ost rae wR Ea) Roeih 8. Samantha's; > 4 9.a) ») tog Bortz wt 6) Bord st.) Sort 9} yay it » 46 Exploring Repested Addon, page 142 tayach by Sak 516k 6a) 1) org D) 1) The whole number one question i the numerator in tho other question For example: «2 cups 2b) For example A set ofS objec vide in ale 8: Il ake Tae and Henry 3 hola he ves, Technology: Fractions o Decimals, page 148 4.8) Teminang dima bs Repeating dvimals: 42.44, 1) Te decimal for Fis two ies te desma o 2.0.1; 0.61; 0.001 3.) 03;0.3533333,,.>03 b) HOUT. > Oat 47 Multiplying Decimals, page 147 4a) LTx15=255 b)23*13=299 2a) 39 by 3.92 9) 432 3.a) 092 b) Lia 2) 0:35, 4a) 364 b) 864 ©) 864 Ba) 1554 b) 267 9) 054 6.76 km ANSWERS. an7.161.650 8.a) ) 1134 294 ip 0.40 ) The number of decimal places in the product is equal to the sam of the decimal places in the numbers that are multiplied 9, For example: 0.1 x 3.6; 0.2 * 18,03 * 1.2 toa) 2.52 b) 746 ) 35.22 11. The areas 9.18 mi, saa) 12546 2.88 lw) 0.24 ') The number of decimalplaces in the product s equal to the sum ofthe decimal places in the narsbers that sare multiplied. 113, When you multiply 2 decimals with tenths, you get 2 docial with hundredths, and so on 48 Dividing Decimals, page 151 faye bw 19 21d) 25) 3 a)? b) 31S o) 174 a) 12 3.0) 29 b) 32 9) 1718 4a) 182 by 23.4 932 5.a) 663 b) 64 ous 6.a) 18.25 by 1s @) 1s4 7. For example: 0,024 02; 0.036 + 0.3; 0.048 +04 BayNo —b) Yes, 0Smaore 9.215m 10.9) 33857 b) 0.33857 6) 33857 d) 33.857 11. 0.125 g yeast, 2.5 g salt, 2 ky our, 85 g cardamom, 1.8751 milk, 75 g butter, 04 kg sugae 12, 625 days 149 Ordor of Operations with Decimals, page 155 4a) 31.4 b3 962 2a) 136 bal 287 ) 1466 0) 433 4) 1499.15 3.a) 32.75 b) 168885 @) 422 J 19991730) 13 1) 62.56 4a) 107 by 6A) 3068) 5 5.0) 242.2 by 6675 6. The mean time is 15.6 min, 7.1052 Uni Unit Review, page 88 192 dc) gel 22) as 3, For example: Ried aad 5a)3, 6a) DF a ra) Bord aa) 9.) Sor 10.) 11. Forexample:3 120) Al by doe ‘b) 2 saz 3 erst wy 46.0) Sosha has ofthe tomatoes left b) Sasha has 8 tomatoes lef. 17 Orithas 8 hours left in her day. 1. 532m¢ 49.2) Tbotles —b) O3L- 20.2) Dela ens $112.50 in aweek. b) $5625, 24. 13.6 km 22.8) 7 b) sod 93s 23.a) 13.26 b) 98 Unit Prectice Test, page 161 ta) Zorrf 0) 4 2.) Forcxample: i+ 1) For examples$ 3.a) 45 4 Ab jobs wl take 7 complete. sch and tavel time, she'll nzed more than 8b, sa) 2 wy? b) 45 48 it) 7.0 ©) 45,4.6,7.0 6.2) Tbagscf eins 8) $1080 7.102815 Unit 4 Unit Problom: Publishing a Book, page 162 4.33 pees 44th wil be room for one page svertsement «. s210 72) $388) $5546) 388 books Cumulative Review, Units 1-4, page 164 4.40 2.a) I mby29 m,2 m by 28m, 3 mby 27 m,. 29mby 1m bb) 15mby 15 m; asquare tas the greatest area 3, For example: a) 41= 68+ 543-64 7,47 68+ 11549-8413 ANSWERS ab) 49-7 49-8413 ‘A.a) 9,4, 1; start at 7, reduce the base by | each time 'b) 63, 127, 255; start a3, double it and add 1 exch time, ©) 7776, 45 656, 279 936; stat at 6, multiply by 6 each time, Sa) h2 b) 12 o) tas 6.a) Catl; by comparing equivalent ratios, Carla bas the most hits: 45:60 1) Srna has the fewest hits: 36:60 Ta) 12 b) 9:15 0F 3:5 8.2) Back view; eter __b) Side views pienle table €) Pront views microwave oven a) 28cm?) 119.Sem? 6) 054m! tay Zorik wy a8 az 129) Ritmo OE 43.) Zort b> oh So) Sorel 14,3) 735 ») 096 15.35m 16a) 845 Bb) 616) 8G) OF “The answers are different for parts cand d because the onder of operetions is different Unit 5 Data Management, page 166 Sills You Hood, page 168 4.9) Mean: 5.125; main: 5; mode: 5,9 1) Mean: 284; median: 24; node: 21 ¢) Mean: 14.5; median 15; mode: 16 8) Meaa: 73; mean: 74; mode: 76,81 45.4 Collecting Data, page 170 ‘L.a) Seoondary data b) Primary data €) Secondary dasa ) Secondary data bb) Primary data €) Secondary data 4) Primary data 43, For example: Ifthe president of a company wants you to ‘buy her product, she might use biased data to show that her company’s product is beter. 4a) For example: “The schoo! ges very ot in the summer. Should there be more air conditioners?” 'b) “Should the school buy more air conditioners?” 5.a} Biased, For example: “Should children eat candy?” 'b) Biased, For example: “Which do you think is more fan, snowboarding or skiing?” 6. For example: “What is your favourite style of shoe? ‘Whar make of shoes do you prefer?” ‘The survey results would let the person know what makes and styles oF shoes to stock, ‘T.a) For example: Watching television 'b) For example: “What is your favourite pastas?” 1) For example: My prediction was incomect. The favourite pestime is playing sports. 5.2 Recording Data, page 176 Aa) 8;6;5;5;10;6 ») 40 €) Most poplar: Toronto Maple Leafs; least popular: ‘Moniceal Canadiens and Ottawa Senators 3.a) For example: “What do you mainly we the Inteanet foe” by 360 {6} The numberof icons would inevease; the number of {cons would decrease, ©) For example: Yes a bar graph is easier to read 4) For example: “What do people use the Internet forthe most?” Answer: Research, 4.2) There are two picoes of information for each category 'b) The female population is slightly less than the male population ©) For exomple: PEL «) The data are too small forthe sealeon the graph «@) For example: No; the range is too large. 6.2) For example: “How do you spend your money each week” Tea) 0-2; $5,668) 9-115 12-14; 15-17; 18-20, bb) Frequency: 15 15; 15:9;25354 52 Stemand-Loat Plots, page 182 4.2) The pla shows the hones worked by parttime staff at «video store in one month, by 33 ©) 91h; 39h) 48h 2) 22h 91378 2b) 54 kg; 28 ke ©) 26kg ) 37g ©) 35s 3, For exeinple: Data that ae arranged in intervals could not be shove ina stem-and-eaf plot .a) For example: [cannot tll from the data alone; would have to caleulate the moan, median, and/or mode, ') For example: With a ster-and-leaf plot, I could show that the median and mode are Jess than 50 g. The manufacturers claim isnot true Unit $ mid-Unit Review, page 184 Aaa) Yes bb) For example: “Do we need « new hockey arena?” 2.e) For example: “What typeof movie was the least popular?” Answer: Foreign. 4) For example: We know the type of move rented the ‘most andthe least in one day. We know the total umber of navies rented in one day. abyss) 2 9) 5 HTS ANSWERS an54 Line Graphs, page 191 4.a) For example: I shows Nathan's height from age 8 to age 16. b) 125em i) 1S0em_ i) 18m ©) Daring year 12 10 13; during year 15 to 16. ‘The steepest part ofthe graph shows wheo Nathan gow the most, The least steep pat of the graph shows ‘when Nathan grew the leas. 1) Forexample: 185 em 6) For example: 185 em 2.a) The table shows the average monthly rainfall in Vanoouver and Ottawa, €) For example: Vancouver: The graph shows a downward rend from January to July, then an upward ‘rend from July to December. ‘Ottawa: The graph shows an upward tend from January to August, then a downward trend from August to December. 4) April and September. For example: At some point daring these months, Ontawa and Vancouverhad spproximatey the same rainfall, {) Vancouver: 104.4 cm: Otiswa: 70.2 em 4.a) It depends onthe speed ofthe ear and the wetness of the pavement €) For example: Because the data change over time. 4d) They ar both upward tends, @) About 4S m 4) About 45 kn 4) For example: “A car takes 4 mto stop on wet pavement, How fist was it travelling?” The line graph fils in the information loft out ofthe table. 5a) i: Yearly sues, For example: The data change over time. You can also prodict future sales. €) For example: Tho graph generally shows an upward ‘rend 3, annual sales have increased overtime {) A bar graph would be suitable for pat i 2) Por example: Most ofthe shoes sold are sizes 7, 8, and 9, 2008 was the year the store sold the most shoes, and 1997 was the yer the store sold the fewest shoes. 455 Applications of Mean, Median, and Mode, page 200 4a) Mean 119.85; median= 119 s; mode= 118 s ) For example: The mode best describes Ira’s race time, because it is the time he gets most often ass 2.a) Math: Mean =74.6; median =75; no mode; Spelling: Mean = 77.3; median = 81; mode = 81; History: Mean = 74.4; median = 74; mode = 74 cof Cain's ») For exampl: The mean is he aver maths in each subject. The median gives the middle smatk, The mode isthe mark she gets mest often in ‘each subject, ©) All measures of cetral tendancy show Spelling as CCatlin’s best marks, and History as ber worst marks 3.8) Week I: Mean~ $825; median $800; no mode ‘Week 2: Mesn = $825; median = $775; no mode 'b) Mean = $825; median ~ $787.5; mode = $600 €) Foc example: The mean is the same for parts a and b “There is no mode in pact, only in part. 6) For example: The median; half the tips ave less than the median, and half the tips are greater than the redian 4.) Median 120 s; mode= 1183 b) 1225 5, For example: 18, 24,25,26, 27; there are many different sets The five numbers mst have # sum of 120, and the snide mamber must be 25. 6.a) Pat; mean =3953 ¢ 'b) Yes. For example: Ths shipment is acceptable because the mean mass is greater than 395 Ta) Mean = 34, median =33.5, mode ~20 ) i) When each numbers inoreased by 10, the mem, ‘median, end mode increase by 10. 1) When each aumber is doubled, the mean, median, and mode are doubled 156 Evaluating Data Analysis, page 204 4. Forextmple: The graph on the right i misleading because the vertival scale starts at 100 instead of 0. 2,a) For exemple: The graph on the lef, because the upward end is steeper. 'b) For example: The graph on the right, because the sale makes the profits seem smaller. €) For example: $126 million; I assumed that the upward ‘wend would continue. 3. For example: In order tobias the results in someone's ‘voor. A misleading graph ean be drawn by not using a proper sale 4.a) For example: Manufacturer A’s trucks are much more dependable than B, C, and D. b) B:97.5;C: 96.5;D: 95.5 <) For example: No, The range ofthe data is only 3. ‘There is only a 1% difference between adjacent manufacturers. $5.a) For example: The bars are low and close tothe same size, so the expenses look low. b) For example: Tho scale does not start st, and the Aiterence in beights ofthe bars increases, soit Tooks like expenses are geting higher Unit 5 Unit Review, page 208, 41. Forexample 8) “Whats your favourite summer activity” ANSWERS ansby “In he surminer, people like to swim to cool down, ‘What is your favourite summer activity?” 2.2) The data show the average weekly earings in 2001, Tar various jobs ©) For example: A bar grap is easy to read, and we ean compare earings for diferent jobs. A circle graph ‘could not be used because we're not looking at percents or parts ofa whole, A Tine graph could not be used because the data are not measured over ime. {) Mining; Health Care; these jobs are represented by the tallest and shortest bars. €) For example: Multiply the data by 52 to get average sanualencnings. Then, divide the average annual camings by 1210 get average monthly earnings. 1) For exemple: Mean, S.a) 17; 10;95 4:20 b) 60 €) Metro PD, because itis the least favourite. 4) Reality Shock, because it has the most viewers 4b) For example: The median and the mode. The boxes ‘with che greatest and least mass, andthe range of the dat ©) For example; No, the shipment will not be approved if the mean is used, since the mean mass of a box of raisins isles than 100 g. 9.95 @) 10038 4) Yes; the mode is higher than 100g. No; the median is los than 100 e. 5.0) For example: Calgary: Upward wend from Febnusty to June, downward tend from fute to November. CChaslotctown: Downward tend from January to April, and from May to July; upward trend from July to November. {¢) No. Charlotietown gets more rain than Calgary year round; the 2 cities never get the same amount of rain ina given month 4) Calgary: 40cm; Charlottetown: 106 em ©) Calgary: 2.05 em; Charlottetown: 8,6 em 4) For example: Charlottfowa gets the most rain in "November andthe least rain in July, Calgary gets the ‘most rain ia June and the least ain in February 6.2) Mode; the storeowner noods to know which size sweater sells the most. bb) Mean; this isthe highest of the 3 values, and wll get Robbie the most money. ©) Medisa; if Tina's soore is greater than the median, she {sin the top half of her class 7a) Mean b) Mode Unit § Practice Test, page 211 4.2) For example: Primary data are data I collect. Secondary data come from another source by 1) Secondary data Hi) Primary data 2.b) 1:30, 01905 ©) 2:5455, or? min 54.55 4) Yes; 2:39, 247, 207, 311, 3.25, 3a) 94 b) 86 85 4.a) For example: used abar graph because de data ate ‘not measured over time ') For example: The scale would change to allow forthe sreater number, Another ber would be added to the exp, 4) For example: The graph fiom parts, because it is easier to read. Unit 6 Measuring Perimeter and Area, page 214 Skills You'll Need, page 216 ta) P=30 0m, A= 36 em? b) P=26m, 4-400? ©) P= 18cm, A= 20.25 ent ) P=84.em,4 Sem’ 6.1 Area ofa Parallalogram, page 219 2em 4a) b= 120m,h=4em — b) b= 10cm, ©) b=80em,h=44em A) b=4.0em,h=88om 2a) 48cm? b) 120en? ¢) 352m! a) 35.2 cmt 3b) i) Sen? i) 245 cat ‘The areas are the seme, but the purallelograms have liffeent shapes, Sa) 2on? —b) I2em_—e) Bom 4) For example: | em by 48 em, 2em by 24 em, 5 omy 16 em, 4 cm by 12cm, Gem by 8 em, 8 em by Gem, 12 em by 4em, 16 em by 3 em, 2Aem by 2 cm, 48 emby lem 6.2) Sem b) item) Tem 'b) Forexample: 12 7.a) For example: 8 ) For example: 4 8. No, For example: The area of A is equal tothe area of B, 9.2) The two triangles are vongruent b) 60 en? ©) 30 ms the area of each triangle is one-half the area of the paallslogzam. 10.3) 95.04 m! by 132m «) For example: Subtract the erea of the patio (rom the sum of the areas of the patio and gardens. ‘Area ofthe gardens =36.96 n° ANSWERS 4766.2 Area of a Tangle, page 222 Tmh=3m ——-b) b=3em,h=Sem mha8m dé) b=4em a= Tem 2a) 105m? b) 750m’ 6) 24m a) Idem? 3b) i) Gon? 1) 24375 em? “The areas are the same forthe 3 different triangles in pars iand 5b) i) Forexample: By doubling the height or the base, the area of the iriangle doubles 1) For example: By halving the height or the base, the area ofthe triangle is halved, 6) 12cm! For example: All the triangles have different side lengths. Ta) Won) Sem ) 3am 8. For example: I double the ares, then divide by the base. 9.2) 855 a7 b) 2eans 10.2) 92.98 m* b) 33 sheets; $823.35, Unit 6 Mid-Unit Review, page 225 La) Pe 15m,4=125 ub) P= 136m, 4=11.56 00 2a) 7 om! b) 92am? —e) Sem? 3.a) 2700en? —_b) For example: 0= 60m, ©) For example: b= 30em,h= 45 em Aa) i2em? by 3Sen®# =o) 2.2 mt 5. $1265.63, or $1375 if the contactor rounds to the next square metre of eoncrte 69 Area and Perimeter of» Trapezold, page 228, 4.a) ISca?—b) I2em?——e) 6 en? 2a) 63 eu? by 38cm? 3.a) Som b) 4=586 en? 4.) A= 156 0m, P= S4.emb) A= 816m, P= 124m 5.8) 1) 33.6em" 66? ) 1) No; there isnot enough information, Yes; P=36m 6.a) Flowers: A = 5.2m? vepeubles: 4 = 3.965 m herbs: 4= 2.535 mi" by A=11.7 mt find the sum of the thee teas in part a, ‘or find the area ofthe rectangle, .) For example: Divide the ara ofthe parallelogram by 2 to find the area of each trapezoid 9.2) 510 cm? @) Larger 10. For exemple Arex ofa trapezoid =4 (base 1+ base 2)* 64 Measuring irregular Figures, page 236 14m 2a) 31m by 27aF b) 4942.56 m', S.a) Anowers vary. 4) 4=2200 mi’, P=220m ‘) For example: Count the squares onthe grid and rulply by 100 to get the area count te sides of he squares aad mutiply by 1010 get the perimeter. 5b) 135 mt ) No. For example: The areas ofthe garden snd the backyard never change, 90 you ar always subtracting the seme numbers 6b) Allthe perimeters are he somes P= 26m ©) Forexample: Yeu cannot make an L-shaped poo with 22430 a? and am width $m. You end up with a rectangle Unit 6 Unit Review, page 240 1.a) 680m’ b) 294em! ¢) 3.125 en?'d) 598em* 2aa) 186. b) 1125 en? 3.a) 64m by 145m 4, For example: The height ofthe wspezoid is about 10 em, S.a) P=372.em,4~52.28 oa? b) P=48m,4~ 155.52 m 6.2) 11055 m? by) $10 756.50 Unit 6 Practice Test, page 244, a) A= 63cm’, P= Mem b) A=9em", €) 4=8.l om’, P=13.9em, 4) A=27 em, P=26 em 2,a) Area is doubled. ©) Area says the same, 4a) 255 em? b) 36cm, by Area is halved. Unit 7 Geometry, page 244 ‘Skit You'll Need, page 248 3. Yes. 4. No, An equilateral triangle always has three equal angles (of 60", A right riangle has one angle of 90° Za) Onthe vertical axis) On the horizontal axis 741 Classifying Figures, page 252 1.2) For example: A polygon has sides tat intersect only at the vertices. The sides ofthis Figure don’t only intersect atthe vertoes. ») For example: A polygon isa closed figure. This is aot closed Figure. 2.a) i) No. Nota the angles are equal 1) Yes, All he sides and all the angles are equal il) No, Notall the sides are equal b) 1) Allofthe polygons in pasta have line syrametry. ANSWERS an1) Figures i and il in port have routionsl symmetry, 3. For example: 2) Parllelogram <¢) Concave polygon 4) Obtuse triangles, sealene triangles 4.a} Concave polygon _B) Concave polygon ¢) Regular polygon Teevery figure ll te sides are equal. Only figure ches equal angles. SayD 8) B eE dC aA 7. For example: A: Parallelogram, convex palygen, quaikilateral; B: trapezoid, convex polygon, ‘quadrilateral; C: quadrilateral, convex polygon; D: rectangle, parallelogram; B: kite, quadrilateral 9) For example: Many different figures Quadrilaerals, trepezoids,parallelograms, concave polygons, convex polygons, obtuse triangles b) Isoscetes triangle 10.2) For example: Rectangle, parallelogram, trapezoid, kite, quadslateral bb) For example: All the quadrlsterals in par a are possible. 7.2 Congruent Figures, page 257 A.DABC#CDFE; AD SO, AB BoP ae 2. Yes. Quadrilsteral ABCD and qusdrilateral LKNM have 4 pair of corresponding sides equal, and 4 pairs of corresponding angles oqul 3, For example a) CABC® DADC; they have 3 pairs of eorresponding sides equal ) POR RSP; they have 2 pairs of coresponding sides equel, and | pair of eoresponding angles equal, berwoen these sides. ©) CHEF ® OFGH; they have 3 sides equa 4) CIKL = GLME; they have? pairs of corresponding sides equal, and 1 pair of corresponding angles equal, Derween these sides 4, For example ')#) one side length, one angle, eight length and width TH) length of one side €) For example: Congruent parallelograms have corresponding sides equal and corresponding angles ‘equal. Congruent rectangles have equal bases and ‘equal heights. Congruent squares have equal sides. 5.b) For example: We need to know the angle between the 2 sides, or the length of the third side = 4 ems rs of corresponding 6. For example: 1) The corresponding angles are not equal 'b) Alle corresponding angles are equal, and al the ‘corresponding sides ae equal ©) The quadrilaerals in part a have different angles than ‘he quadsilaterals in part 7. For example: The salesperson needed to know the shape of the quadrilateral, ‘8.a) No; they can have diffrent sie lengths 'b) Yer: when 2 angles and the side between these angles are known, only 1 triangle can be drawn. 9.2) No Unit 7 Mid-Unit Review, page 260 4.9) CDEF and CGHI 6) ABC ¢) DEF @) GH 9) cABC 2,a) For example: Comesponding sides are equal and corresponding angles are equal. The hexagons ate ccanceve because one angle is greater than 180° in each hexagon. ) For example: The heragoas are convex because all the angles ae less than 180°. The hexagons are congruent because corresponding sides are equal and corresponding angles are equal. 3.0) For example: Corresponding angles are equal and corresponding sides ae equal ) For example: Corresponcing engles are not equal, snd ‘wo conesponcling sides are not equal. 4.2) For example: Quadrilaterals ABCD and JKLM are not ‘congruent, They do not have equal coresponding sides or angles. bb) EFGH = QPNR; all corresponding sides and all ‘conesponding angles are equal, 113 Transformations, page 264 4. For example: ‘) Figure Ais tunslated 3 units ight and 3 units up 'b) Rotate Figure A one-half tora about its tum centre (wiser Figure A and Figure C touch). ) Figure Bis flected in avortcal ine 1 unit to the right (berween Figure B and Figure E), 4) Figuce Dis translated 4 units left and 2 units vp. ¢) Rotate Figure D one-half tun about its tum centre (ovvere Figure D and Figure C touch). 2, For example: a) Rotate Figure B one-quarter turn counterclockwise bout the point whore Figures A and B meet. 'b) Translate Figure C 2 units up. ANSWERS a8@) Rotate Figure D one-quarter turn counterclockwise about the point where the vertices of Figure D and Figure C mest. 4) Rotate Figure A one-half turn about the midpoint of the base of Figure A 4, For example: Rotate Figure A one-quarter turn counterclockwise about point (5, 6) t0 get Pigure D. Reflect Figure A trough diagonal line going through points (5,6) and (8, 9) to got Figure B. 5.a) Figures A and B do not representa transformation, and Figures E and F do not represent transformation. 'b) Figure D isthe image of Figure C after a rotation of ‘one-quarter turn clockwise about the point (7,2) 7. For example: Translate Figure B 2 units lef. Reflect Figure B ina diagonal line that runs trough the poi where Figure A and Figure B meet 7A ling Patterns, page 268 41. For example: No, it doesnot tile the plane. It leaves gaps that are squares, 2, For example: Yes. 3, For example: Itdoes not tile che plane It leaves gaps that are squares. 4, For example: Escher started with a regalar hexagon. At ‘each verex 3 hexagons mest, and the sum of de angles is 360°, 5. For example: Pars of the edges will not be covered by a {all ile, Tiles will have tobe cut tft 6. For example: Recause squares and rectangles tle a larger square or rectangle, which is often the shape ofa flor. 7a) For example: Peatagons tat tile the plane meet at vertices where the sum ofthe angles is 360°. 8, For example: There are no gaps between the octagons that ile the plane, 9, For example: Honeycombs ae hexagoas. eating and Wing in Math; Choosing tata, age278 4. 80km 250 2 Cannot raw dnd For example: Quadilateas can fave a maximum of4 lines ofyrmery, and wangles are the only polygons that can have 3. 8.2) For example: Top row: idl row: 1 tom owe 4 3.t b) For example: Top row: 1; middle ro 7. Forexample: AIK GEG te eters that have curves axe on the bottom, ) 100, 200, 300, 1000, 2000; this represents curency in ‘cents: peany, nickel, dime, quarter, loonie, toonie, $5 bill, $10 bil, $20 bill ©) BN, TE, Ts the leters represent the first letter of cach number: one, Wo, thee, four, and soon. 4.a) Back face ofthe prism: Brown, light blue, dark green, ed, purple, white ©) Dark green, orange, fight blue, brown, dark blue, light een 9.2) Monday July 15, Wednesday July 24, Sturdy July 27 'b) Tuesday July 16, Friday July 19 ay Unit 7 Unit Review, page 22 4. For example: 2) Six-sided figure with one angle greater than 180° 1b) Five sided figure, wth all angles less than 180° ©) Four-sided figure, with one angle greater than 180° 6) A figure sha snot closed, ora circle @) All sides are equal, all anges are equal 2, For example: 1a) Sixsided figure; convex polygon. 1 pair of 60” angles, 2 pars of 150° angles, by A regula polygon, All sides are equal, all angles are equal, 60°. ©) Five-sided concave polygon. One angle is 240°, Three angles are Tess than 90° 4) Five-sided convex polygon, Tiros angles are 120°, 2 angles are 90° 3.a) Nos notall pars of corresponding sides are congruent. b) Yes; all thee psirs of corresponding sides are ‘congruent. 4.8) One-quarter tua clockwise about point C. b) Reflect Figure ABCD in horizontal line through @ap. €) A translation 2 waits right and 5 units down, Unit 7 Practice Test, page 288 4.a) ABCD=JKME; corresponding pars of angles and corresponding sides ae equal b) CERG and OPQN are not congruent; corresponding sides ae not equal ¢) UEFG or PQN 4) ABCD or KMHt 2. For example: No. The side lengths could be different. 43, For exemple: Two squares. ANSWERS 19Unit 8 Working with Percents, page 288 Skills You'll Nood, page 290 4a}075 by 04 ==) 06d) 068 2.8) 0625 b) 0.1875 6) 0375 a) 04375 46 8:1 Relating Fractions, Decimals, and Percents, page 294 4a) 1% H01s Aone 040 ©) 80% 8,080 2a) 25% 6) 30%) OK) 75% a) 02.20%) 006,6% 6) 016, 16% 6) 115,115% 9) 14, 140% 4, Jao; 82% i eaten oF 8% 5. For example: Yes te 5 rials canbe aranged ito sieen gare 7. Tae gen ston 15% 8. Forexarple: Giving 100% i ike giving one whole Giving 110% is giving re tha oe whole aa) 29% 8) 50% 6) 6% A) 10% 18.2 Estimating and Calculating Porconts, page 299 4. Forexample: a) 25% —b) 3%) 60%) 90% 2a) s ba a9 6) 30 7s 933 gas M18 3a) m2 45 dis 375-165 g) 225 hy 09 4ay75 6 3s) 4s 1125495 g) 675) 27 Sa) 3em —b) L2om ¢) 24om_ d) 180m 6, For example: Method |: Find 15% of $6. Method 2: Find 10% of $65, then halve the amount to get 5% of $65, and add the two amounts to get 15% of $65. ‘The cost of the shoes is $74.75, 7. For example: ais 12) SS 24 3 4 8, For exemple: No, 10% of 160 is 16, s0 20% of 160 is 32, ‘This would be a closer estimate i b) Approximately 64% 90 tf 10.8) Bock 3) Approximately 35% ) Arproximately 65% 42.2) Approxiately 800000 ka? ‘b) Approximately 9 170.000 km? 48, Approniately 2300 000 kan? 4a) Bord 2) 375% 48. Approximatsly 81% 18.3 Multiptying to Fina Perconts, page 304 ta}273 by 9.68 0306) 9744 2a) 648 b) 1608) 2744 a) 75.04 3a) $1500 -b) $44.99) $18.00 a) $4.99 @) $4199) $53.99 4a) $45.00 b) $42.00 @) $36.00 5.a) $46.58 b) $25.30, 6a) 1.046 1045 i) 1086 Keep moving the decimal point one place to the right. 7. For example: You get the same answer: $3.75 816. Unit @ Mid-Unit Review, page 305, 1.2) 0.8, 80% by 0.12, 12% ©) 2.36, 236% 4) 035,35% 2aa) 1.33, 135% by 0.56, 56% 1.875, 187.5% ) 04375, 43.75% 4, For example by 33% Approximately 50% 931 8) Approximately 40% Ba)28 OH =) 3h AB Ta) 168 396 =) 21) 108 8. For example: 2) 80% b) 702% ¢) 200% ) 210% ¢) 10% 9, For example: ays) 30) 150g) 133 10.9) 80.05 i $030 A $1.30 iv) $0.20 11. $68.43, 412, For example: You get the same answer: $34.00 134 Drawing Circle Graphs, page 309 4.a) 112500 b) 62500) 25000 2.a) N) Yes; it ads up to 100%, 1) No; it adds upto more than 100%. by i) A bar graph. 3.a) Blas, 22%; brown, 48%; green, 18% grey, 12% 4a) 92 'b) MANIC39, 22%: EASY2, 23%; ROCKL, 30%; HITS2, 25% 6, Approximate aren: Australia, 61 million km Antartica, 98 million km’; Burope, 86 millon km"; South Arnericg, 147 million kan; Asi, 367 milion kan"; Arica, 244 million kai 8.5 Dividing to Find Percents, page 312 ta)25m b) sm 2.2) 0.2ke, b) 12k. ANSWERS 4803.2) 03 cm ) 306m 4, 480 fries 5, 12 games 6. 240 pases a) 9 pieces by Approximately 56% 8. 400 stents 9.2) $60.38 by No. 11.3) Yos; the shoes cost $23.00, s0 $40.00 is enough, $17.00 12 200 marbles Reading and Writing in Math: Choosing 2 Strategy, page 314 41. For example: 8 «9% 10;1*2%3%4%x5%6 2a) 1221, 101, 111, 1:21, 131, 141, LST, 2902 21 2:22, 2:52, 22, 2:52, 303, 313, 3:23, 3:33, 343, 3:53, 404, 4:14, 4:4, 434, 44, 4:54, 5:05, 515, 5:25, $:35, SAS, $155, 6:6, 6:16, 6:26, 6:36, 6:46, 6:56, 7.07, TT, 7.27, 731, PAT, 7-57, 8:08, 8:18, 8:28, 8:38, $48, 858, 9:09, 9:19, 9:29, 9:39, 9:49, 9:59, 10:01, 1:11 2 minutes (between 9:59 and 10:01) 3. 1; 36; 815 100; 121; 144; 169; 196; 225; 324 4, For example: About 4b, if walk 5 kan/h 5, About 231.5 8 feces as ates of 102) Me, $c00 Mods, $0 Uni 8 Unit Review, page 916 4.2) 0.4,40% —b) 28,280% — ©) 0.56, 56% 6) 0.7, 70% 0) 1.125, 112.5268) 1.7, 170% 2. For oumpl 2) 19 30%. ©) 08,5 d) 0.375, 37.5% 4. Far example 10 3 aT 32 99 3s mes 5. proximately $34.50 8.28 sade 7a) $5000) $8400) $72.00 @ Sc000—«) $4800 $665.00 ba) 573600 w) 823080 9.a) Lake Huron ) For example: Ithas the greatest surface area. 6) 26 840 kn? 40.b) For example: I know thatthe greatest primary energy resouree in Canada in 2001 was oil, nd the least was nuclear, [now that hydro-electiity generated the mest elociriity in 2001, and oil and natural gas generated the last ‘Canada, 44%; USSR, 8%; US, 16%; Burope, 32% bb) The U.S, section of the circle graph would change to 128%: the USSR section of the cizle graph would change to 12%. 12.175em 13, 400 students Unit § Practice Test, page 319 4. Foresample: One item may cost different amount than the other or one item may be a diferent size than nother 2.a) 16cm, 'b) The original stip is 20 em long. 3.a) 240 by 24 924 4.2) $5625 _b) $68.69 '5.b) No, For example: I only need to know the percents to draw the graph (ts long as they add up to 100%), 6, 20 dogs Cumulative Review, Units 1-8, page 322 2a 6 9 IZ AS ) Forexample: 5 tea bags. You need 4 tea bags, but you can’t break tea bag in balf 3.0) 8640 cm? 'b) For example: 60 em by 36 eon by 32 cm ©) 60 om by 36-em by 32 cum: this box has the smaller surface arca 4a) 864 ) For example: Many different pairs of factors are possible, 0.1 x 86.4, 0.2 x 432, 0.3 * 28.8, and 50 on. Sb) 10 under par, 2 at par; 7 over par ©) 26 4) Mean = 34, median =35, mode =33 6.a) For example: There is an upward trend from feat toright. ) For example: Yes. The graph shows that stuents who read [5 hours or more per week do beter dan students who read loss than 1.5 hours per week. ) 936 en? b) 4.68 ca 0.72 em", P=24 em a 9, A=33 en! P= 280m 40. For example: Corresponding side lengths and corresponding angles ae equal, ‘1.a) 380m by 125° 13.8) $71.99 bp $82.79 ANSWERS asi14, For exaimple: The operations are the sae, sine order es not matter in maltipicaton, and both have a product of $21 Unit 9 Integers, page 324 ‘kite You'll Nood, page 326 4a) 10 B40) SL AT 2.a) First ow: 8, 1,6; second row: 3,5, 75 thied row: 4, 9,2. The magic sum is 15. 'b) First row: 17,10, 15; second row: 12, 14, 16; thied row: 13,18, 11. The magie sum is 42 9.1 What is an integor?, page 328 2a)3 Hg) #8000) 10 3a) 35°C b) 128000me)-35m — d) +8500 4, For example: a) The temperature in Hamilton increased 4°C. ) George owes Stan $5.00, ©) Maye walked 120 steps forward 4) The shipwreck is 8500 m below sea level. 5, For example: To describe the weather: high of 47°C and a low of -2°C. To describe alte in relation 1 sea Tevel: 4400 m bove se level, -3000 m below sea level 6.a) Positive integers: Births, Immigration For example: These numbers represent an increase in population, Negative integers: Deaths, Emigration For example: These numbers represent a decrease in populstion. »b) Births: -545 000; deaths: +364 000; ‘migration: +512 000; emigration: -10 000 (©) For example: Births are an increase in population (above ort the right of on the number line). Deaths are a decrease in population (below or to the Jef of 0 onthe number line), ) For example: Immigration is en increase in population (above or tothe right of 0 on the mumber lin). Emigration ie a decrees in population (below orto the left of 0 on the number ine). Ta) 482 $3 Sl a) 85 'b) For example; The final price is $3 loss than the initial price. €¢) For example: The final price is $5 more than the initial priee, d) For example: A negative intoger represen a decrease in price; & postive integer represents an inerease in price. 9.2. Comparing and Ordering Intogers, page 332 4.8) Missing integers:—3, 1,3, b) Missing integers: -8, -6,—4,~2,0 2a) “145,413 b) 3.43) 243,14 3a) 484,41 b) 35,7) H4,0,-4 Aaa) -5,-2,42 4,45 B) -12,~10,-8, 0,410 } Al, -39, 25,15, ME 0) 2,1, 41,4245 5.a) $14, 4+3,-10,-25,-30b) #2,41,0,-1,-2 6) 427.6 A -L,-29° 6) +10,48,~7,-9, 11 6.b) -64, 61,38, $4, 53,47 For example: wrote he temperatures on the thermoncter in order from bottom to top. p4S<410 by -S>-10 @) <0 d)-5<-4 a) #100>-101 ) -80-<-49 Ba) )+4,78,49 0] 85,0 ) For example: Which integers are less than 47 Answer: 5,8 9, Warmest: Charlotterown, Prince Bdward Island, because 21°C isthe greatest integer. Coldest: Sydney, Nova Scotia, cause ~23°C is the least integer. 10.9) 0 2 i) yn yt vi) 5 by For example: The distance between-5 and +1 is 6 units; half of 6 units is 3 units; 3 units tothe right of 1 =Sis-2. The distance between 5 and -l is 4 units; half oF 4 units is 2 units; 2 units to the right of -8 is 3 ©) For example:~3 is halfway between 8 and +2, 446°C 2a) -5,-3, Steet at-5. Adé 2 to get the next term. by #7,14,41,-2,-5,-8,-11 Start at +7, Subact3 to get the next term, 6) -20,-18, 16,14, -12,-10,-8 ‘Start at=20, Add 2 to get the next term. 4) -5, 10,15, -20,-25, -20, -35 Start at-5, Subtract Sto gt the next tem HS 45,47 19.3 Representing Integors, page 335 taj B43 JO dt oy 3 92 4a) For example: +3, 'b) For example: 3 yellow tiles, red tles; 4 yellow tiles, Ire til; nd so on. Many answers are possible. ©) For example: There are always 3 more yellow tiles ban red tes 4) For example: To model +30: Start with 30 yellow tiles and Dred tiles. Increase each number of yellow and red tiles by 1. 5.2) 8 rod tiles; (+10) + (8) =42 ANSWERS 4821b) 98 red tiles; (+100) + (98) = 42 8.4 Adding Integers with Tk 1a) G+ CD =H +E) =-6 EDs 2a) (3) (-2)=41 D+ E2)=0 3.a) 0 bo a0 fats bt eS gO 9-7 93 5a) +7 bj 2) 9 +7 16 1-9 Ba) DEC= Hb) GS)4 C3) 7. For example: (5) + (3)=-8 C+ (42) =-S; Cyrene 8.2) +6 b) +4 @) Sd) #2 @) 5-10 9) OOH) 1) 3) +E2)=45 ») (HCE 9a) E)+EN=H BDH E=+ DED A E9462) oe) HCN = Ht 1) 6) (-6)=0 10a) -# 'b) No; the sur is still -4, For example: Order does not ‘matter wheo adéing; he integers have not changed sign ©) C3) +E =H, 43) +7) = 4: the integers have changed sign, ‘Vhea) First row: +3,—4, +15 second tow! 2, 0,425 third row: -1, +4, -3. The magic sum is 0 b) First row: 1,6, 15 second row: 0,2, 4; third cow: 5,42, -3. The magic sum is-6. 12a) 47 ») -1 Q-t 418, For example: First row: 3; second sow: ~4,-5; third row: -2, 6,1. The vetoes ae consecutive umbers and the middle integers are consecutive. 9.5 Adding Integers, page 343 tas 2g 2 2ays6 yA? Ho) 3.a) +6; 12;-6;-6 'b) The answers are the same, ©) For example: Onder does not matter when adding integers. 4a) -1°C by 2c oe) +30 5.a) +5°C b) Gain o) +81 Ga) +15 b) 46 e) 1S a 43 0) 15-8 Ta) 40 b) +10¢) 40 a) 43 @) 3) -80 8.2) For example: Opposite integers are the same distance rom 0, s0 their sum equals 0. 1b) For example: To add positive integers, move to the right on a number line The numbers to the right of are always positive, so the sum is always positive. (©) For example: To add nogative integers, move tothe Jefton a number line. The numbers to the left of O are slays negative, so the sum is always negative 4) For example: IF the greater integer in the sum is negative, the answer it negative, Ifthe greater integer in the sur is positive, the answer is positive. Bayt b) Sc) -6 dO 47 9-2 40. 28°C: (128) + (7) + (HD) =728 44, 24) +€-1) + (412) + -10)= +19; Susanna bas S19 ef, $2.) (10) (15) = 428 b) C10) + (-15)=-25 2) (2)+CS)=HS — g) (20) (4)=—1S 0) (35+ EI) =H17— ) G38)+ (418) = 17 Unit 9 Mid-Unit Review, page 145 2ay-I2 b) 43 @) +10 @) -2 0) +25) 41500 3.a)—4,3,2,41,84 —b) -50,-17,0, 118,450 Sa) +3 b)-S 4A 4) 49 o) 12 HID 6a) 15 b) 6-2 +t Qo H+ Tas we aS Bats BB) 9.) 40 -b) °C @) 120000 10.9) ~1 b) For example: (+1) + (-8),(-6) + (+5), (10) (+9) 9.6 Subtracting Integers with Tiles, page 349 143 0 93 HET HO 2a)43 WS 7 gt 2 9-9 3a)3 BAS 7 OH G2 HH 4a)+11 b) 10) 4 @) +146) -9 9-12 Sa)-1 b)-8 e) 7 47 @) HO HH 6, For example: -5) = (-8) = #3; 46) (4)= #10; (9-63)=12 7a) anda i) Lands 'b) For example: The answers are opposite integers. Order matters when you subtract. £8 For example: —7; the integers are the same but in @ different order, s0 the answer shouldbe the opposite integer 9. Many answers are possible. For sample: 9) (3)-(5) ») -8)- 09) 8) OD~(12) ) )-2) 40.a) Yes, because each row, column, and diagonal equal the sure number (-9) 'b) Yes, because each row, column, and diagonal equal the same number (0), €) For example: Fist row: -5, 0,7: cond row: -6,~4,-25 third row:—1, 8,3 tH.a) 42and-3 ANSWERS 483'b) For example: Find 2 integers witha sum of 7 and a difference of 43.-2,-5 12a)2 0 gO gt ya HO 48.9) (4)-G1)—33 BY (3) 1 2) U9) -GI) =H 4a) is because + 4>~4 b) because +1 >-1 9.7 Subtrecting Integers, page 354 Aa) H+) BY CHCA) C2) (03) HDD) PEND HED+ED 2a w47 3 DT ay His Bia) 1p75 18, 1754s 4 'b) Fer example: The answers ate opposite integers. Order matters when subtracting. 4a) 1S b) #06) -14 a) -Is )-8 0 Say-8C bp 48S) 7m) 2 Bay HTC b) HC) HSC A) 46°C Ta)-3 by Hg) 10 B.a) -17—_b) +17; itis the opposite integer. ©) For example: (46)~(-11)= (16) +411 sum oto postive integers isa postive integer (6)~ (1) =) + C11) =-17 the sum of two negative integers is «negative integer. 9.0) 75°C) arc 28°C 10a) +1 bo) 4 dh 42 HZ H-11 11, For example: (4) ~ (5) +45 3)—T)= 4 2)-Cay=44 Reading and Writing in Math: Choosing a Strategy, page 356 aise 2a) 187 bu 3.a) $7.95 by $22.95 42 5.0) Mr Anders: his assistant: 9s ) 241s 24 in 6 For example: 613,14, 16, 16;9, 10 14, 16,16 7. Lem by leanby 360m; 2 emby 2emby 9 em 3 em by 3 em by em: 6 em by em by I em 8. For example: 4 ways, using ine symmety and rotational syumeny, 9.59% 10. The ore any soluons For example: 22+ 23, ar 15 + 16,7+849+ 10+ 11,andsoon, A.) $125; one answer bi) 1x 82 125,254 «125,85 <5 12. 2times Unit 9 Unit Roviow, page 360 2.a)-2 —_b) -250.me)+32°C d) $125 @) 183 3.85, -$4,-3, +150, 4200 4ay2 b)-t SD Sa2 dD 6. No, For example: Ifthe fist integer is greater than the second, then the difference is positive Ifthe first integer is Tess than the second, then the difference is negative. 7. (SO) + 12°C) + ¢9°O) =-2°C Bats GAS 4 9s 9-2 9.2) 12°C b) 150m 6) +3 10.3) 42 —b)-3— sg} 40d) -160 11.2) For example: (-3) + C3), (-9)+ C3) EDO; 6) + 125,66) +0 by For example: 5) (48); (2) ~ (+5); (2) 0) 9-2 E1)-—) Unit 9 Practice Test, page 361 atl B20 12 ta 2.-14,-12,-2,41 3.a)-3 b) -10.¢) -10 a) +6 e) 4423 4. For example {8} When the integers are the sam, but with opposite signs: (+3) +(-3)=0 b) When both integers are neyative: (7) + (-8)=-15 ©) When both integers are positive: (+9)+ (H11) = +20 5.8) 10 Bp 30,25, 20,18, 15,13,8,6,1,-6 6.4373 Unit 9 Unit Problem: What Time ts 7, page 362 4.8) 1-00 a.m, 6) 6:00am. ¢) 10:00 am 6) 7:00 pa. 2. 10:00 arn, ‘3 Atsuko leaves st 3:00 p.m, and Paula leaves at 7:00 am Unit 10 Patterning and Algebra, page 364 Skis You'l Need, page 368 tay 37 bas 29 7 7 99 gS m2 Ht 2a) 1) 16 jm i 90 ims 02 wit b) For example: The answer depends on te order in which we camry out the operations 3. A@, 3), BG, 5); C44, 0}: BO, 1) 5.3) $16 b) 3h ©) 4m ANSWERS 484104 Number Patterns, page 371 4.a) For exemple: The firs term isa triangle, the second ‘erm is a square, and the third term isa pentagon ‘These three terms repeat 'b) Square, pentagon, triangle ©) 29k term: square; 40th term: triangle 2.a) For example: Tare cites are arranged in un shape. A cece is added to the vertical arm and the horizontal arm each time. ‘18th term: 19 circles along the vertical urm, 19 circles along the horizonta arm; 38th tern: 39 circles along the vertical arm, 39 circles along the horizontal arma ‘.a) i) Each term inthe patter is a multiple of 3. The Ist term i the 2nd multiple of 3, The 2nd term isthe Sd mulple of 3, 1) 18,21,24 1) The 40th torn isthe 4st multiple of 3 3x41= 133, b) 1) Startat6. Add each time. ii) 22, 26,30 Ii) Tho 40th term is 6 +4 % 39 162 ©} i) Stamtat 6, Add Seach time.) 26,31, 36 Ii) The deh teri is 6 +5 «3 4.6, 12,18, 24,30, arta increases by 3, pat b increases by 4, parte 201 increases by 5, The next pattern increases by 6. 5.2) 1) Stan at2. Multiply by 2 each time 1) 32,64, 128 1) 1.048 575 by §) Start at 3. Maltply by 2 each time. 1 48,96, 192 i 1572868 6. For exunple: in both pater, start by adding 3, then keep adding consecutive odd oumbers each time. The starting number for each pattem is different a) 1) 37,50,65 1 401 by 1) 35,48, 63 i 299 ) For example: Start with 1 row of 3 squares. The length and width ofthe reciange increases by 2 unis each ‘e) 17th term: 33 * 35; 37th term: 73 x 75 8, For example: 12, 16,20, 24, 28, 32; star at 12. Add 4 each time, Next 4 terms: 36, 40, 44, 48 2,12, 22,32: start at 2, Add 10 each time. Not 4 terms: 42, $2.62, 72 9.) For example: A 5 squares. Add 3 each time. by32 e336) G5) 35 f) Not 27 does not fie the pattern, 40, For example: 11, 13, 16,20, 25; 16, 17,20, 25, 32 “U" shape made of squares, Start with 102 Graphing Patton, page 375 4a) Ouipuc 35 6;95 12; 15) Output 3:4 56:7 ) Ourputs 5; 85115 14; 17 of) Output: 9; 12; 155 18; 21 2a} Output: 10; 8;6;4;2 b) Output: 97577; 57,37; 17 €) Output: 7,553; 151 ‘.a) Input: 254; 6; 8; Output: 3:75 115 19 'b) When the Inpot increases by 2, the Output inczeases bys. <¢) Input 10; 125 14; Output: 19:23; 27 Inereaso the Input by 2 andthe Ouiput by 4 ‘A.a) Money collected: $15; $30; $45; $60; $75; $90 ©) 1) For example: Find the numberof pins in the let coltams, and find the money collected along the sare row in the right column, 1) For example: Find the nunber of pins along the horizontal axis. Move vertically until you reach 2 point onthe graph. Then move fet to read the money collected on the vertical axis 5.a) 1) Start at 6, Add 2 each time, ii) Add 4 tothe Input sumer. Ai) put: 12; 14; 16; Output: 16; 18; 20 by i) Startat 6, Add6 exch time. 41) Multiply the Ioput numberby 3, fi) Input: 12; 14; 16; Outpt: 36; 425 48, ©) i) Startat 6, Add exch time fH) Multiply the Input number by 2, then ad 2. Ii) Input: 12; 14; 16; Output: 26; 30; 34 6a) Number of students: 5; 10; 15;20525; 30 [Number of sandwiches: 13; 28; 33; 43; 53; 6 b) Number of sents: 5; 10; 15,20; 25; 30 ‘Number of drinks: 105 15520; 25; 30535 ©) For example: For the graph in pat a:Fo get from one point to the next, move 3 squates right and 10 squares up. Moving 5 squares right the same as ding 5 o the Input number to get the next Input umber. Moving 10 squares up isthe same a acing 10 othe Output oumberto get the next Output seumber, and 80 on. 7b) Figure Number: 152;3; 4,5 Blue Squares: 1; 4; 9;16;25 4) For example: The dots appear to le along a curve. The dots for other graphs appear tole along. line. €) For example: Ifyou use the table, the numberof ue squares isthe figure varber squared 10.3 Vorbis in Expressions, page 380 tajnt6 BB ne at ayo sg 3.a) 48 cm? b) 50cm* ©) F< went tay l0km 8) 28km =) Sek 5. Forexanple 4) ight more han e number ANSWERS 435'b) A number multiplied by six A number divided by five 4) A number decreased by eleven €) Twenty-seven decreased by a number 1) A sumber squared faye egy g 17-8 ates ten nat 1. For example 2) Sait hes fom fo, ten ml by ‘mm 1) A number is multiplied by three and then subtracted from fory. 'b) They have the same numbers and use the same variable, bu the order of operations is different. Ba) nts W3tn MW) n-3 W) 3m 'b) For example: All expressions all involve a number and three, but the order andthe operations are different. 9. For example: a) Six times a number, then add five 'b) One-quarterof thre less han a number ©) Twelve added to one-quarter of a number 4) Torco times the difference ofa number and three 9) One-fith ofa umber subiacte from thirty-two 4) Thiny-two subtracted from one-fifth of ¢ number 40.9) 1) 9n=4 W449i) n+9—4 WY) n=449 b) For example: The sum of nine times a umber and four: 9-4; five less than a number: m+ 4—9 114, The cost of pizza with eexira toppings is $8.00 + Ste Unit 10 Mid-Unit Review, page 382 4a) 1) Startat 5. Add 3 each time 17, 20,23 iy 32, by) Startat 14, Add LI each ime 58, 69, 0 13 ©) 1) The exbes of whole numbers, 125,216,343) 1000, 4) Start at}, Multiply by 2, then a1 each time 4) 63,127,255) 1023, 2.8) For example: Stat with a rectangle with wid 1 unit sn Jength 2 units. The width and length inecease by 1 unit each time, by 56627 ©) 2,6, 12, 20,30 ) 19 «20; area = 380 (0) The 10th rectangle: 10% 11 3.a) Output 3; 75 15 15; 19523 'b) For example: To get from one point to the next, move | square eight end 4 squares up, Moving | square right isthe same as adding Ito the Input number to get the xt Iaput number, Moving 4 squares up is the same as adding to the Ourpur number to get the next Ourpat number 4a) Stare at 8. Add 3 exch time, 'b) Multiply the Input number by 3, then add. .) apt 7; 8; 9; Output: 26; 29; 32 4) For example: To get ftom one point tothe next, move {square right and 3 squares up. Moving 1 square right is the same as adding | tothe Irpur number to get the next Input number. Moving 3 squares up is te same as adding 3 to the Ouiput mumbor to get the next Ope be sane ake ma) ne ans 6. For example ‘a) The sum of ¢ numberand three 'b) A number subtracted from twenty-one ©) Nine times @ number 4) One-quarterof a umber 4104 Evaluating Algebraic Expressions, page 385 1a9 B12 7 @2 913 HD 2a) 19 bs 6 gis 2 H4 3, For example: ‘a) A number decreased by one: 2 'b) The sum of five times a number and two; 17 ©) The sum of one-third of « number and five; 6 6) One add to a number, 4 €) Two times the sum of a tumber and nine; 24 4) One-half ofthe sum of a number and seven; 5 4.a) Output two times each Input number: 2 4 6; 8; 10 = ten minus the Input number: ©) Ouiput= the sum of three times the Input number and four: 7; 10; 13; 16; 19 5.2) In dollars: 79+ 9 x 12) In dollars: 7x +9» 5 6) 10h 6.2) $65; $110 ») 9p+20 ) 18p +20 3) 9p +40 «) For example: The algebraic expressions forthe diffrent charges can be easily writen, and p isthe fist lener in “people”. Ta)6 4 )2 3 96 HD b) Output 3x2 9. For example: p= 4,q=1 ‘Thee are maty different ways to do this. The value of p hus tobe one mors than thee times the value of 9 ANSWERS 486410.5 Reading and Writing Equations, page 389 Ya) +812 b) nai? 2. For example a) The sum of twelve and a number is nineteen oy 1-212 1b) Thre tines number i eighten Twelve decreased bya number is ve. 6) Onetalfofsmumber is Ba) 2045-35) 824) In-6=tT ee 2) Sven sub fom vine aris rere 1) Four ade ones of numbers in €)Seveiom deste to ins a number ae. sac BE gD AB ete Ta) b+7=20 o) 2w+30=38 4106 Solving Equations, pago 393 Layr=9 b)y=O eo) z=5 dp cw 2abx-T ben=0 eed d) k=? Ba) n= 45-10 b) n=35 advil Bp RES Q)y=8 Sa)n=28 by 2-11) y= 9 6.a) 4s= 156 b) 9=39em Ta) p=5%9 b) p= Stem 8. Por example 4) The length of reotengle is 12 em and the perimeter is 30 cm, What isthe width of the rectangle? b) 24+2w=30 e) w=3em 9.2) For example: 10+ 24x= 130 b) byn-12 nals Q)n=8l 0) meas nas 11, For example: 4) Sheila bought wo tickets, and got $1 off She paid a total oF $5, What isthe regular price ofa ticket? b) The perimeter of square is 24 em. Wht i the side engi? y=6 6) When a group of people is divided into 38 equal _roups there are 57 groups, How many people are there in total? 2 = 2166 4) Eli has 5 groups of comie books. When he buys 5 more comics, he bas 30 in all. How many comics are in cach group? x= 5 ©) When 25 bananas ae divided equally amongst some fiends, each friend gets 5 bananas. How many friends se there? y=5 {) Four cards are removed from a deck of 52 cards. Each ‘of the 4 players are dealt she est of dhe cards, How many cards do they each get? x~ 12 Reading and Writing in Math: Choosing a Strategy, page 396 1.5040 2.a) 10,9, 12, ‘Star at 1. Add 3 forthe next term, then ake away | forthe next. 6) 21552 For example: Each odd term i equal tothe tern rnuimber; each even term is equal tothe term namnber plus? 3.a) Term [:4 Blue, 1 Red; Term 2: 8 Blue, 4 Red ‘Term 3:12 Blue, 9 Red 'b) 20th term: 400 ed tiles €) 100th term: $00 ive ties, 2d) 30th term: a total of 1020 red and blue tes 0) 144 rod tiles the umber of blue es i the erm number times 4; the number of red les is the torm ‘number squared. 4. Can: 12 g; red bal: Sg; green ball: 2 g 5, Irfan: $25; Marsha: $35 6. For example: ‘a) The mats of garbage gonorally increases with the ‘sumer of people in a household 'b) A household produces a lt of garbage, and doesn’t recycle; the houschold produces heavier garbage; this ‘week, the hoaschold threw outa really heavy item. ©) The people may have been away on vacation for part, ‘of the week; they did’t throw out any heavy items; they reeyele and use a composts Z.a) Tosa cost of tip: $60; $70; $80; $90; $100; $110; $120, $130; $140; $150 by 8170 ii) $200 ty $250 ©) 1) 820 i sis i) $1333 B.a) 825 ») 929 <) For example: We're paying forthe cost of he tip. Carrying 2 packages instead of 1 doesn't make much iference, 9.a) 111 or 482 'b) For example: The digits are either all even or all odd. Unit 10 Unit Review, page 398 4.a) 1) Startst 5, Ada 7 each time, 1 33, 40,47 it) 138;20m ten bb) The pattern is consecutive powers of 3 1) 243, 72,2187 53.486 784 401; 200k term =3* +197 ANSWERS 487€) I) Star at 96, Subtract 3 each time, 1) 84,81,78 Ui) 39; 20% tenm=96- 193 4) i) Statat 10, Add 11 each time, 1) 54,65,76 A) 2195 20eh ven: 10+ 19 11 19) ) Star at9, Add 4 each time. 1) 25,29,33 i) 85; 20th term: 9 + 19 4 2a) $20.48 by s4095 53.a) Start a2, Double the number, then add 1 each time. ) 95,191,383 ¢) For example: 5, 16,49, 148 4.2) For example: Start with purple square in the middle and a green square on all four sides. A purple square is added to the middle, and green square is added tothe top and botiom rows each tem, ©) 12th figure: 12 purple squares in the mide, 1 green square on each end, 12 green squares on the top, 12 green squares on the bottom, 2nd figure: 2 purple squares in the middle, 1 green square on each end, 22 green squares onthe top, 22 green squares on the botiom, 5.a) Output: 7595 11; 13; 15 b) Output: 8; 12; 16; 20; 24 €) Outpt 1;3;5;759 A) Output: 253545556 ©) Outpur:$;6;758;9 —) Output: 5;9, 13517; 21 {.a) Top 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; Output: 16; 14; 12; 10;8 bb) Input: Start at 2. Add 2 cach time. (Output: Stat at 16. Subtract 2 each time. ©) Input: 12; 14; 16; Output: 6; 452 ‘Add 2:0 the Input each time; sublract 2 from the utpot each time. 4) Tae Ouput will become negative ‘.a) Input: Star st 5, Increase by 10 each time. ‘Output: Startat 1, Inrease by 2 each time. b) Input: 65; 75, 85; Output: 135 15517 Ba)n+20 b)n-1 e) nt10 @) 130 9. For example 2) Four more then a number ') A number subtracted from 25 <¢) One-fith of a number 6) Five decreased by two times a number Sita or iais ool bua yer 2a 820500 smh 13, For example: a) The sum of a number and threo is seventeen. Db) Three times a number is 24 ‘e) A ruber divided by four is five. 4) Three ties a number, decreased by four, i520, €@) Seven plus four times a number i 35, 14, For example: 4) The sum ofthe pennies in my pocket and five is 21. How many penaies or in my pocket? by tf you buy keto pay, you ge dco Youtten puyol of 528 How macht te kets strep pt ta) 6n-258w) ow-36 Bas 46, Forexample: a) Amumber ple 222, by ou dees by + nbers2 ) Fv times a mba 35, 6) Oneainh of umber a7 31-24 1a) n=4 by n=3 d)nn243) n= SI 19.9) n=5 by n= 10} 20.8) n=250-98 >) 2A.a) b=2w, w= 74 b) b= 148 Unit 10 Practice Test, page 401 4.a) Output: 2; 7; 125 17; 22 ©) Input: 6; 7; 8; Output: 275 325 37 4) Output=47%5-3 0) Add3, divide by 5 4) Yes, because the input number goes up by 1 each time. 19) No, because the Output number ends in a2 or 8 7. 2aa) Choice 1 'b) For example: The patter is a power of 2 1) After 19 days 3. For example: Yes; = 0, 4a) 19 b)T 92 ao ‘Unit 10 Unit Problem: Fund Raising, page 402 Part ‘Time (hy: 152: 3: 4; 5; Distance (kn) 15; 30; 45; 60; 75 Distance = 15¢. In Th, distance = 15 %7 = 105 kim 15¢= 135,090, Part ‘Time (Hs 1; 2s 3,455; Distance (km): 20; 40; 60; 80; 100, Distance = 201. In 7h, distance = 20% 7~ 140 km 201 135,1- 6.75 Parts For example: Both of the graphs inease overtime; they are linear, Lin's i steeper and goes up by 20 Part Distance (kam): 10; 20; 30; 4, 50 Money raised by Ingrid (S): 250; 500; 750; 1000; 1250 “Money raised by Lism (6): 200; 400; 600; 800; 1000 Ingrid raises $254; Liam raises $200 “To raxe equal smounts of rooney, Ingrid oyeles 40 km, and Liam cyeles $0 km. ANSWERS 483Unit 11 Probability, page 404 Skills You'll Need, page 406 fa) 10% bY 1%) HH) 5% 2.a) 0.7, 70% b} 06, 60% €) 0.36, 36% d) 0.75, 75% 3.a) 0.175, 17.5% b) 0375,37.5% 1) 08123, 81.25% 4) 0.285, 25.5% 11.4 Listing Outcomes, page 409 4.8) Red, green, yellow b) 1,2,3,4,5,6, 2.a) Red, yellow, green b) Boy, itt ©) 0,1,2 4) Hears, dismonds, clubs, spades 43, Saturday ll day, sdolt Saturday, all day, chil Saurday, all day, senior, Saturday, half day, adult; Saturday, half day, child; Saturday, half day, senior; ‘Sunday, all day, adult; Sunday, all day, child; ‘Sunday, all day, senior; Sunday, hl day, adul Sunday, half day, child; Sunday, half day, senior 4, Bags, toast, mill; egas, toast, juice; eges, pancakes, milk; ‘eggs, pancakes, juice; eggs, cereal, mi ‘eggs, crea, jue; fit, woast, mil; fruit, toast, juices Sivit, pancakes, mill; fruit, pancakes, juice: fruit, cereal, mils rut, cereal, juice 5.a) Black, red; bleck, beige; black, white; black, yellow; rey, red grey, beige; grey, white; grey, yellows navy, whitos navy, yellow avy, red navy, be bye a6 ao 6a 120g) 2B Ty gS aa 2 4 It oceurs the most often, 49) For example: The table easier to read. The ree diagram doesn’t show the suns. 8.a) 24 by 256 14.2 Experimental Probability, page 413 4. Vong Hsi: 0.448; Aki: 488; Davids 0426, ‘Yuk Yee: 0.306; Eli: 0:367; Aponi: 0.357; Leah: 0478; Devdas: 0.378 2.a) 0.175; 0.895 b) 0.029; 0971 ) Top up, top down, on its side 'b) For example: No, the shape ofthe eup makes it more likely to land on its sie. ©) Top up: 0.27; top down: 0.32; side: 0.41 5. 6 ways; I red, yellow; 2 rod 0 yellow; 3 red, 0 yellow; 2 red, 1 yellow; 3 re, 1 yellow; 3 red, 2 yellow 6.c) For example: The sum of the relative frequencies should be | 7.8) For example: The more times you do the experiment, the closer the experimental probsbility isto the calculated probebiiy Unit 14 Mid-Unit Review, page 415, 4. Basy, I player; easy, 2 players; intermediate, U player; intermediate, 2 players; challenging, | player; challenging, 2 players 2. Beg roll chicken, milk; egg roll, chicken, juice; egg rll, chicken, pop; egg roll, ehop suey, milk, gg rll, chop suey, juice; egg rll, chop suey, pop; ceggroll, broccoli beef, milk; egg rll, broccoli beet, juice; egg rll, roveol beef, pop; soup, chicken, milk; soup, chicken, juices soup, chicken, pop; soup, chop suey, milk; soup, chop suey, jue; soup, chop suey, pop soup, brocool beef milk; soup, broveoti beet, juice; soup, broccoli beef, pop fie rice, chicken, milks fried rice, chicken, juice; fied ree, chicken, pop; fied rice, chop suey, mill; fied rice, chop suey, juice; fied rice, chop suey, pop: fried rice, broccoli beef, nll; fied rice, broocoli boo, juice: {ied sce, broccoli beef, pop 3.a) 0.933 by 0.552 2) 0.663 4.0333 5.a) 1,2,3,4,5,6 b) Yes, they each occur ones 4) For example: Yes. «) For example: The more times the number oube is rolled, the closer the resulis are likely to be the caleulated probability. 6, Parrb; adding green counters increases the probability oF picking green, 111.3 Theoretical Probability, page 418, 4.8) About 0.26 'b) About 022 2ay0s OS 0.125 ay OBS 3.2) False it could happen, out itis unlikely. 1) False; you wl not always get eral ths outcome 1) Tru the more yoo tos on, the mre ikl his oxtome wil ocu 4.) Tro Win covers Lf the spine. 1) Fats; 100s not avisibeby 3,50 en egal amber of times sno posible ©) False this oucome will ot ways occur “The experimental rests may becfret fom te theoretical results Sa)o0ot B00) 09 6.2) For example: vided 360 by cach denominstor > find the angen depres for each Sctrof th pine 3b) R50; yellow, 100; bie: 35; aren 17 €) Forexample: The probity of ining om cach thor colour would increase, base hes of the fractions mst equ 1 whole, Hone decrease, on ot store ofthe others ness ANSWERS 48911.4 Applications of Probability, page 422 1.2) 8 by os 9) 0.125 4) They are the same; iFall the winners are female, none ‘of the winners ean be mal, which is the answer parte 2a) 25% by 75% 3.a) 1) 37.5% W) 37.5% MM) 50% Wy) 125% 1) For example: “Atleast” includes 2 tls and 3 tails. these words were left out, 3 tails would not be inchuded, and the probability of gttng tails would be lower. <) For example: “Exactly” means 3 heads ae not Jnchuded If this word was left out, ths eould mean 2 heads or 3 heads, and the probability would change. 4, For example: People are net likely to win, o the camival owners can afford to be generous with the prize 15% BY 93.98%) 12.5% ©) For xen: Thre would bo 18 iteent combinations Each combnation would havea probably of 7. orcxample: Best combinations Spier A for ink, then Spine B for yellow, or Spinner B fr yew, then Spier A for pik Reading ana Writng in Math: Choosing a Strategy, page «24 4.9697 2. For exemple: It dgponds onthe umber of hours worked fe works ess than 22 $9 por week isa beter dea fhe works 22h or more, $4507 is beter: a) Bt en? ) 266m? 4. For example: 6. a.nd bare the same; the ial pris is $73.59 in both cases. 7.818 9.136 10.2) 6 ») 0.25 AH.a) 0.125 b) About 0.396 Unit 14 Unit Review, page 427 4.8) Banana, carols, yogurt; banane, carrots, cheese: ‘banana, celery, yogurt banang, celery, cheese; bbanane, eucumber, yogurt; banana, cucumnber, cheese; ‘orange, caro, youut; orange, carols, cheese ‘orange, celery, yogurt; orange, celery, cheese; ‘orange, cucumber, youurt; orange, cucumber, cheese; apple, carots, yogurt apple, carrots, cheese apple, celery, youurt;epple, celery, cheese; apple, cucumber, yogurt apple, cucumber, cheese 3 14 ai 2.a) ERIM, HHT, HHTH, HUH, THAN, HHT, AUT, HTH, THOT, THTH, THE, HTTT, TATT, Tran, TTTK, TTT 4 °) 6 a5 3.a) 09 by 13500 4.2) 0.487 by 0513 eons ) 0.167 ©) 0.295 5.a) False: itis very unlikely, but it could happen. b) Trust is very unlikely €) False; this outcome will no always occu Tree; with a greater mmber of tials, the experimental ‘and theoretical probabilities are likely tobe cose 6.a) Yes; the circle is divided into 10 equal part. by ot e) 04 05 7a)0S 025 OS =) OAS B.a) Ttimes b) 33 times ¢) S9times a) 46 times in practice. 8.2) 25% 1 O% b) 375% iy 875% 10. About 33% Unit 14 Practice Test, page 429, 1, Saturday, matinee, adult; Saturday, matine, child; Soturday, matinee, senior, Saturday, evening, adult, Setunday, evening, child Saturday, evening, senior, Sunday, matinee, adult; Sanday, matinee, child; ‘Sunday, mtinee, senior; Sunday, evening, adult, ‘Sunday, evening, child; Sunday, evening, senior 2.a) 10 simes; itis likely to appear once every 6 rolls 'b) 30 times; one-half the numbers are even 6) 30 times; one-half the numbers are greater than 3. 4) O times; 9 is not @ number on the cube, 3a) 03 ») 0353 €¢) For example: 27, i her batting average stays at 03. 4, Bqualy likely; for example: The probabilities are the 5, About $ times Cumulative Review, Units 1-11, page 434 Aa) 6,12, 18,24,30 Bb) 9, 18,27,36,45 6} 12,24, 36,48, 60 2.8} 1,2,3,4,6,9, 12,1836 by 1,3,19,37 e) 1,3,5,15,25.75 3. Quilt Aa) SA= 62 b) SA=2ho +2Uh-+20h €) For example: Subtiute efor, adh 5a) 1g » si ois ait o) Sor 5 Borat ANSWERS: 490638 34 39) 37 7a) For exazple: The ealetera staff ay change the menu based students’ favourite foods. 'b) For example: I'many customers would like Sunday ‘appointments, the salon might siay open on Sundays Ba) 1225 195s @) 118 6) Forexample: The median. €) 195, 4) 1205, orany time above 1205 g) 1138 9.2) For example: I shows the average attendance atthe Blue lays’ games in Toronto from 1991 to 2003. ) For example: The mean, 4) For example: The dasa show e downwatd trends time ‘goes on, Attendance was high around the years the Jays won the World Series. 4) For example: The graph in parti minimizes the downward wend, The graph in part fi makes the downward tread seen large 10.2) 30 eat ) 10.125 en ©) 3601 n? 4) 864 cat 11.2) 2tem 'b) Cannot find: missing side length ©) 30m 4) 14tem 13. $50.00 14.2) 630 by 600 2 60 1, 0,42, 45 by-6 ep 10) 6 b) 3m 49: Forexampls 2) To dered by te 2) Tro ines sme nna evo 6) Thy.sive dese yanmar 6) The sum fe nunber and 35 o) Tw ties osm of ic an to 1) The sum of oeith of mmber sade gine 1es a number 21.8) Money called) 305 60; 905120; 150; 180 ¢) For example: Wren the number fers increases by 5, the cost increases by $30. 1) Fd ther with that vale a it Find the umber of ars slong he horizontal ex, an read the ost along the verte axis 4) 16253 ways. The table, he graph, or by multiplying 220) Byrds) xn5 dp x=9 23.) 3p= $52.00 &) p=528400 2a) HA HAT, ATH, HTT, TH, HET, 1TH, TET 1) 3 heads 2 heads, Ita then, 2 er 3 ied (©) For example: The more times T conduct the ‘experiment, the closer the relative frequency i Wely tobe to the caloulated probability 25.3) 5 ») 10 ©) 20(or25, if you include ¥ as a vowel) ao 26.6,7,8,9, 10, 1, 12,13, 14, 15,16 Extra Practice Unit 1, page 438 1.5146 2. 732.799 km? 3.32 4, $9801 5,a) For example: Assuming the average Canadian lives 80 years, about 2400 kan/year, and about 46 kinweek. 6.2) 1,2,3,6,12,18,36 b) 1,2,4,7,8, 14,28, 56 ©) 1,24, 6,8, 12, 16,24, 48, 96 7a) 12,24,36, 48, 60,72, 84,96, 108, 120 b) 15,30, 45, 60, 75,90, 105, 120, 135, 150 ©) 20,40, 60, 80,100, 120, 140, 160,180, 200 Ba) 6 bya 2 gia 9a) 49 by 289g) 729) 1369 10a) 72 -b) 120) 180) 168 14.0) 9 bi isd) 20 12a) 196 on? b) S6om 18.) 30m ») 120m 14, 520m 15. 1350cm* 16.0) 4° b) aa) 50 m 510 i s110 b) si 110 Unit 2, page 439 4L.a) For example: 6 red squares, Tblue squares b) Forexample:2 wiangles, 7 circles 2azl TH «958d It 3. For example: a) 10:14, 15:21, 2028 b) 18:5, 72:20, 10830 e) 188,27:12,36:16 8:11, 1622, 64:88, 4a) FigueB —b) FigweC ©) Figure 5a) 31 135 ©) Arlene wll be 16 years old. Her brother will be 8 years ol. 6.8) Bucket B contains more triangles. Bucket A contains more squares. b) 756 Ta) 20stieks by 14 8.2) 63:10 b) 1D girls 9, 48 and 40; 42 and 35, 410.8) Coriander, 1:2; eumia, 3:10; peppercoms, 1:5 'b) 500 g of eortander, 300 g of cumin, and 200 g of peppercoras ANSWERS 491Unit 3, page 440 41) For example: Two different objects. 6.a) A=45 om’; P= 32.2 cm b) A=31.36 ms P= 224m Ta} SA = 188 cm b) 7=168 em" €) S4= 19.44 cm? a) ¥=5832 cm" 8.0) 2000 x? b) For example: 2488 cm’, if there is 1 cm extra on cach ste. 9.88m° Unit 4 page 444 woe 2.) 1 whole irl, and Zof another ite. 1b) 1 whol cele, nd Zof another cite ) 3 whole cies, and bof nother ce 4) 3 hoe circles, and 3 of another cise 3.a) 0.94 ©) 06 4a) Borat ©) ord 5a) a8 og oa? az ray o) Borie * on Bort wy Borah 0) Bort ») des » 2 ye gu a3 b) 396) 18:17) 493 3s) 28 LS 15. 56.16 mt 16.15 17.2) $14.14 by 85.86 byt Unit s, page 442 1.8) 26°C; 28°C by About 11°C (6) From January to May; rom February to June 4) i) Por example: What i the grestest average high temperature shown on the gra? i) For example: What is the lowest temperature ‘berween June and September? 2.a) The data are not measured over time. 'b) About 170.000 km?) About 169 000 ka? ‘9) About 320 000 kim’ round exch area tothe nearest ten ‘towsand: 80 000 + 40 000 + 200 000 = 320 000 km? 3.2) 140m, (©) There is no mode. 6) 1432.em 4, For example: 5,6, 6, 6,7. 757.8: many sho ies a posible 2 ong ashe eam a the th and Sth terms equals the mean, 5b) I min308 ) The tem for? minut. For example: Most swinmers took beoveen 2 and 3 minutes to complete the ree. 243g) 2:25,243,254,309,3:10 Unit 6, page 442 1.8) 46.75 emt? 2, For example: b= 6.em, 4=4 em; b= Sem, h=3 em; b= Som, h=48em 3. 6441 em? 4.3.84 mt 5.a) 0.95" b) 13.44 a add the areas of the two ingles and the areas ofthe three parallelogram. 6.8) 16875 en? T.a) For example: b= 6 em, h=4 em; b=8 em, h=3 erm, b= Sem, h= 48m 'b) For example: They have the same base and height; cach triangle is one-balf the area of each parallelogram, 8.5.59 emt 9.2) 144 ony b) For example: Find the area ofthe trapezoid; find the area of the square and subtract the area of the two tangles ©) About 16 em 1) Nos the lengths of all he sides ofthe trapezoid are ot knows 10, P=16m:4~9.72 ne unk 7, page a 4. For example: A and D: Hexagon cosave polygons 4 ight angles, one ange gree tha 180% B and: Petagonal cocave regular polygons, 2st angles, 2 angles es than 90,1 angle reir han 10°. and: Quadra conven imogules polyeons, no parallel sides 2 igus AandD, Hand F, Band >the fires have the same sce ad hae. 2. Fito D isthe ing of Figure A, afer areflon ina diagonal betwee he 2 guts Figue Cis the image of Figure B afer roan of a Jum elockwise about point titi? pins elow the ‘vertex where the 2 gues mec. igure Fi th image of Figue Pater tanslton of 3 i gt and? nits don 4a) Figures B,C, File the plane ANSWERS. 4927. The equilateral tangle, the rhombus, and the acute isosceles triangle Unit 9, page 445 4a) About 15% by About 75% ) About 80% 4) About 25% 2a) 15%,0.75 b) 150%, 150, ©) 60%, 0.60 4) 15%, 0.15) 3.2) $20») $0.85 @) $6.00 a) S187 2) $550) $14.00 g) $0.05 fh S150 4a) $2.00») $1200 ¢) $14.00 a) $24.00 2) $150.00) $45.00 9) S4.00 hh) $50.00 5, About 80%, 6.a) Sales tx: $52.50; cota cost: $402.49 ‘bp Sales tx: $270; otal cost: $20.68 7.180 sas stom 8.0) Tho News b) Movies and Cartoons @) About 6) About 250 ays, un, pene 46 4a) +5em by 89°C) 400m) +8156m 2a)-9s —-B) 4825 @) SOC 3 4a) 3<45 bp2>-4 g +120 d) +8>-10 5.=15,-2.-1,0, 41,44, 45 6a) +17 12-13 Tass) eg e)-1 21g) 10 hy -13 25 BAS HD gS Ho 2 gm att 8.2) 46,64) #02)=46 bY H5C2)+EI—11 D-KDYD=S A HO) +C0=-1 0) 195 (-23) +44) ==19 f) -22; 19) +¢3)=-22 9) $115 (413) +2) =H) 4225 (49) + E13) = 422 40.2) +25 (5) C= 42 b) 47 43)—C4) = #7 1) -8(-5)-(3)--8—) -HEN-(-4)=3 e) #255 (13)— 12) 425 f) 38; 22)—G32)=—84 9) 0;€-28)-(23)=0 bh) 175-10) =-17 111.2) High temperate: -1°C low temperature: ~9°C by Ra) +2 bo 90 a) -2 0 jez g-2 HO Unit 10, page 447 A.a) i) Stat at 2, Add 3 cach time 1) 47, 20,23 ity 44 'b) i) Surtat |, Altera between adding 2 and adding 3 cach time, 13,16, 18 iy 36 @) i) Starat 1. Adé 2, Increase the number you add by 1 each tie, 4 21, 28,36 wy 120 4) #) Start at 3, Add 3, Increase the mumber you add by 2 each time. 1 38, 51,66 iy 207 2.a) Ouipat: 3,7 Ms 155 19 b) Output: 23; 275 31 ‘) The Inpat number starts at | and inereases by 1 each, time, The Output amber stars at 3, and inresses by ‘each time. ‘) For example: To got fiom one point othe next, move 4 square sight and 4 squares up. Moving I square right isthe same as adding ! to the Input number to get the ‘next Faput number. Moving 4 squares up isthe same a3 adding 4 tothe Output number to get the next Oviput number 3. For example: a) A mumber plus two 'b) Five decreased by a number ©) Taree times a number d) A number divided by two Annes Mae gS ant ba) 1 5 92 92 91 fa) +3186) Gran Za1d ssn 7. For example: 8) The product of 3 and anumbers 9. b) Filteen divided by a number is3 ©) A mumber decreased by 6813. 4b) Tho proivet of 24 anda wamber is $52 8.3) For example: Let eresent te uber of pois “Tung scored. t= 14 +8; (+22 'b) For example: Let repeset ibe number of ards Nesna bas. n= 4% 1585; 0= 624 ) For example: Let a represent how far Adve eyed in Kilometres. a= 218-80; = 138 9a) n-25 B)m=3Sg) n= ) e130 @) n=6 Qnaa 40.8) x7 b)x=10 x= x=) xn 247 x= 23 Unit 11, page 448 4.8) 356, JOB, ICR, JOY, JOG, 1CB, JER, JOY, JG, IB, JER JY, JOG, JOB, JOR, JOY, QEG, EB, QUR, QGY, QU, OB. QR, QEY, QG.QB, OR, OY, Q0G, Qn, QUR, QOY, KOG, KCB, KER, KEY, KOG, KB, KER, KIX, KEG, KCB, KER, KLY, KOG, KOB, KOR, KEY by 4 a1 2.b) Outcome: Aes, 2,3,4,5,6, 7.8, 9,10,J,0.K ©) Yes ANSWERS 4933a) 25times —) S0simes_e) 75tmes 4 Wit tee ae 7 candies et 2, 20,3 The probably oz being white is}, aod the probably of being edo green is aly Sa) EB os AY LKQKZ 4) 5,K.Q, 2: B.C FL HME, VW, Ye DiLsS.USEN.R, TSA {@) No; each eter isin the bag, so each letter as a probability of being picked. “Take it Further, page 449 4.29,31 2.6% (£46) 3. For exarple: 2 quarters, 3 dimes, 20 pennies 4. Move 9 fom box 3 to box I. 5, For example: (7+ 0~-3-+6~S+4)x(0-2 +1-8)=0 6. 60 cards 7.27, 29,31,33 8, Forexample: 1243-445 +6-7+8+90= 100 8 (xs)xses 10,33-3+5 4151 42, Forexanple: 10-4244 6+35+748+9~99 13.50 14, ($44) (Eta) ea 418. 5080 16.23 matches 47, Renwye the 6 segments tht makeup the? inner triangles. 418. Atthe end of 13 days 49, Foresample: 11 nd I, 3am 20.32 21. $41 948.04 22, Fil he -L container, pourit into the 8. contsines Fil and $ the 5-L container again, and pour it into the SL ‘container until t's fu, There will be 21 of water left in ‘the 5-L container 23. 35 potatoes 24, 36 posts 25. Por example: $+ (5 * 5) or (6% 6) 6 26. Move the top counter down, Move the 2 counters t each end ofthe bottom row to each end of the second row rom the top. 27. Onday 8 28. Oke, ANSWERS 494