Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MTV310 Chapter1 Complete
MTV310 Chapter1 Complete
MTV310
Introduction
Concept of fluid
Continuum
assumption
Dimensions and units
Eulerian vs
Lagrangian
Properties
Pressure
Temperature
Density
Specific weight
Specific gravity
Ideal gas law
State relations for
liquids
MTV310
Viscosity
y
u=V
u(y)
Approximations:
zero acceleration
no pressure variation in flow
direction
du
Newtonian fluid dy
du
Velocity gradient: dy const Integrate: du dy
u y c @ y 0 : u 0c 0 u y @ y h : u V
F
AV
V h or
F
A
h
2/6/2014
MTV310
Liquids
Power law
T
0 T0
Log-inverse quadratic
law
T T
ln
a b c
0
T0 T0
Sutherlands law
1.5
T T0 S
0 T0 T S
MTV310
Examples
1
Cylindrical, rotational
h1
h2
F,V
T,
F 1 2 AV
h1 h2
Laminar, steady
L
D
r
Cylindrical, linear
Torque = Shear force * arm
T DLr
L
F,V
D
a
4
F Acontact
V
DL
a
V
V r r D/2
a
V
V
T DLr
Power T
a
r
2/6/2014
MTV310
Non-Newtonian fluids
du
dy
Surface tension
Y N
m
h
R
Shear
stress
g R 2h 2R Y cos
MTV310
<90
solid
d du
,
dt dy
q kT
Kinematic viscosity
c a kRT
Reynolds number
Re
VD VD
[m2.s-1]
Vapour pressure
pv
100kPa
pv
inertial forces
viscous forces
T 100C
Cavitation
2/6/2014
MTV310
Examples
White Ex 1.10, p.38
White Pr 1.53:
MTV310
White Pr 1.54:
2/6/2014
MTV310
White Pr 1.56: