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Introduction To Statistical Quality Control, 5 Edition: Douglas C. Montgomery Arizona State University
Introduction To Statistical Quality Control, 5 Edition: Douglas C. Montgomery Arizona State University
Chapter 1
Learning Objectives
Chapter 1
Performance
Reliability
Durability
Serviceability
Aesthetics
Features
Perceived Quality
Conformance to Standards
Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, 5th Edition by Douglas C. Montgomery.
Copyright (c) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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1-1.2 Terminology
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Terminology contd
Specifications
Lower specification limit
Upper specification limit
Target or nominal values
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Statistical Methods
Statistical process control (SPC)
Control charts, plus other problem-solving tools
Useful in monitoring processes, reducing variability
through elimination of assignable causes
On-line technique
Acceptance Sampling
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Deming
Deming was asked by JUSE to lecture on
statistical quality control to management
Japanese adopted many aspects of Demings
management philosophy
Deming stressed continual never-ending
improvement
Deming lectured widely in North America
during the 1980s; he died 24 December 1993
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Demings 14 Points
1. Create constancy of purpose toward improvement
2. Adopt a new philosophy, recognize that we are in a time of
change, a new economic age
3. Cease reliance on mass inspection to improve quality
4. End the practice of awarding business on the basis of price
alone
5. Improve constantly and forever the system of production and
service
6. Institute training
7. Improve leadership, recognize that the aim of supervision is
help people and equipment to do a better job
8. Drive out fear
9. Break down barriers between departments
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14 Points contd
10. Eliminate slogans and targets for the workforce such as zero
defects
11. Eliminate work standards
12. Remove barriers that rob workers of the right to pride in the
quality of their work
13. Institute a vigorous program of education and selfimprovement
14. Put everyone to work to accomplish the transformation
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Joseph M. Juran
Born in Romania (1904),
immigrated to the US
Worked at Western Electric,
influenced by Walter
Shewhart
Emphasizes a more strategic
and planning oriented
approach to quality than
does Deming
Juran Institute is still an
active organization
promoting the Juran
philosophy and quality
improvement practices
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Armand Feigenbaum
Author of Total Quality Control, promoted overall
organizational involvement in quality,
Three-step approach emphasized quality leadership, quality
technology, and organizational commitment
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Six Sigma
Use of statistics & other analytical tools has grown
steadily for over 80 years
Statistical quality control (origins in 1920, explosive
growth during WW II, 1950s)
Operations research (1940s)
FDA, EPA in the 1970s
TQM (Total Quality Management) movement in the 1980s
Reengineering of business processes (late 1980s)
Six-Sigma (origins at Motorola in 1987, expanded impact
during 1990s to present)
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Banking
Finance
Public sector
Services
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Six Sigma
A disciplined and analytical approach to process and product
improvement
Specialized roles for people; Champions, Master Black belts,
Black Belts, Green Belts
Top-down driven (Champions from each business)
BBs and MBBs have responsibility (project definition,
leadership, training/mentoring, team facilitation)
Involves a five-step process (DMAIC) :
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
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Lean
DMAIC
DESIGN
PREDICTIVE
QUALITY INTO
PRODUCTS
ELIMINATE
WASTE,
IMPROVE
CYCLE TIME
ELIMINATE
DEFECTS,
REDUCE
VARIABILITY
Robust
Lead-time
Capable
Requirements allocation
Capability assessment
Robust Design
Predictable Product Quality
LEAN
Flow Mapping
Waste Elimination
Cycle Time
WIP Reduction
Operations and
Design
Variation Reduction
Predictability
Feasibility
Efficiency
Capability
Accuracy
The
The I
I in
in DMAIC
DMAIC may
may become
become DFSS
DFSS
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Six Sigma
DMAIC is closely related to the Shewhart
cycle (variously called the Deming cycle, or
the PDCA cycle)
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Quality Costs
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Learning Objectives
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