ASSIGNMENT ODE 2015

dy
sinx
1. x dx + 2 y = x ; y ( 2 )=1

Solution
Step 1 :
Step 2 :

dy 2
sinx
2
sinx
+ y= 2 ; P ( x ) = , R ( x )= 2
dx x
x
x
x
2x dx

I.F = e

x2

Step 3 :

2lnx
2
= e
= x

dy
+2 xy=sinx
dx
'

( x 2 . y ) = sinx

Step 4 :

x
( 2 . y )=cosx+ c

y=

c=

Step 5 :
y=

( x2. y )
cosx

cosx+c
x2

=4

( cosx+4 )
x2

dy
2
2. dx =( y 1 ) ( y3 )

Solution
Step 1 :

( y 21)( y3) dy= dx

1

( y 21)( y3) dy= ( y +1) + ( y 1) + ( y +3)

1
1
1
,
B=
,C=
By using partial fraction method, A= 8
4
8

8 y+ 1

Step 2 :

1
1
+
8
y3
4| y1|
1
dy

1
1
1
ln y +1 ln | y1|+ ln | y3|=x +C
8
4
8
1

Step 3 :

( y +1)8 ( y3) 8
( y1)

1
4

=e(x+C )

dx

( y 3)
( y +1)

e
4
( ( x +C) )
1 4
1
( ( y1) 4 ) =
8

y
( 22 y3)
( y1 )

e
( 4 ( x+ C))2

1
2

y 2 2 y 3 8 x+ 8C
=e
( y1)2
( y1)24 8 x +8 C
=e
( y 1)2

4
=e 8 x +8 C
2
( y 1 )

1e

8 x +8 C

4
( y1)2

( y1)2=

4
8 x+ 8C
1e

4
1e 8 x+8 C

( y 1 )=
4
1e 8 x+8 C

y=

2
4
2
3. ( 2 xy+ x +x ) dx +( x +1 ) dy=0

Solution
Step 1 : M y =2 x , N x =2 x
Step 2 : Let assume f(x,y)=c is the solution
df
df
=M , =N
dx
dy
df

dx = 2 xy +2 x+ 4 x 3 + g ( y )
1 3 1 5
2
f =x y + x + x +g( y)
3
5
df
=x2 + g' ( y )=x 2+1
dy

g ' ( y)= 1 d y
g ( y )= y

f =x 2 y +

x x
+ +y
3 5

dy
2
4. x dx y=x cosx

Solution
Step 1 :

dy 1
1
y=xcosx ; P ( x )=
, R ( x )=xcosx
dx x
x

Step 2 :

Step 3 :

I.F = e

dx
1
x

lnx
= e
= x

1 dy 1
y=cosx
x dx x2
'

Step 4 :

( 1x . y ) = cosx
1
( . y )=sinx+c
x
y=xsinx+ xc

dy
x 2
5. dx y=e y

Solution

Step 1 :

v=y

12

v=y

y=v1
dy dy dv
= .
dx dv dx
dy
dv
=v2 .
dx
dx

Step 2 :

v2 .

dv 1 x 2
v =e (v )
dx

dv
x
+ v=e
dx
R ( x ) =e x

P ( x )=1 ,

Step 3 :

x
1 dx
I.F e =e

ex

dv x
+e v=e 2 x
dx
'

( e x v ) = e2 x
x

e v=

e y =

1 2 x
e
2

1 2 x
e
2

y1=

1 x
e
2

y=

dy
(
x 2+ 2 y 2 ) =xy , y (1 ) =1
6.
dx

Step 1 :

1
1 x
e
2

,y(-1)=1

( x 2+ 2 y 2 ) dy=xy dx
2

xy dxx +2 y dy=0
M y =x

N=x 2 y

N x =2 x
M y N x
N y M x 2 xx 3 x 3
=
=
=
M
xy
xy
y

Step 2 :

3
y

I.F = e

=e3 lny dy =e ln y =

1
y3

x
x2 2
dx
+ dy =0
y2
y3 y

2x
y3
2 x
M y= 3 , N
y

x=

M y =N x

Step 3 :

Let assume f(x,y) =c is the solution

df

dy = y2 dx
f=

x2
+g( y)
2 y2

df x 2
=
+ g '( y )=N
dy y 3
df x 2 ' ( ) x 2 2
=
+g y = 3
dy y 3
y
y

g' ( y )=

2
y

g ( y )=2lny

f=

x2
1
2 lny=c=
2
2
2y

7.

x y +3 xy'+3 xy=0, x> 0

Step 1 :

y 1 ( x )=

1
x

y + {3 } over { x } y ' + {1} over {x} y=0

Step 2 :

y 2 ( x )= y 1 ( x )

Step 3 :

x
1

e
dx
, y 12 ( x )
P ( x ) dx

3
dx
x

y 2 ( x )=

x
1

e3 lnx

1
y 2 ( x )=
x
1
x3
dx
1
x2

y 2 ( x )=

y 2 ( x )=

1 1
dx
xx

1
y 2 ( x )= lnx
x