Recap

1. Classify Maintenance
2. Define its Types
Todays Discussion
1. Class Participation Assessment
2. Calculating Cost of Breakdown & Preventive Maintenance
3. Life Cycle Prediction of Assets

Life Cycle Prediction of Assets

1. MTBF
2. MTTR
3. MTTF
4. FIT
5. Availability
6. Failure Rate
7. Bath Tub Curve
ways of providing a numeric value to quantify a failure rate
numeric value can be expressed using any measure of time mostly hours
MTBF
provide the amount of failures per million hours for a product
units for an MTBF value are hours/fail. unit for a failure rate is fails/hour.
MTBF is equal to the inverse of failure rate. For example, a product with an MTBF of 3.5 million
hours, used 24 hours per day:

MTBF = 1 / failure rate

failure rate = 1 / MTBF = 1 / 3,500,000 hours

failure rate = 0.000000286 failures / hour

failure rate = 0.000286 failures / 1000 hours

failure rate = 0.0286% / 1000 hours - and since there are 8,760 hours in a year

failure rate = 0.25% / year

Note
3.5 million hours is 400 years. Do we expect that any of these products will actually operate for 400
years? No! Long before 400 years of use, a wear-out mode will become dominant and the
population of products will leave the normal life period of the bathtub and start up the wear-out
curve. But during the normal life period, the "constant" failure rate will be 0.25% per year, which can
also be expressed as an MTBF of 3.5 million hours.

MTTR
time needed to repair a failed hardware module
MTTF
mean time expected until the first failure of a piece of equipment
basic measure of reliability for non-repairable systems
FIT
number of expected failures per one billion hours of operation for a device

Availability
defined as the quality or state of being available
mostly expressed as a percentage

Using this diagram, the availability is calculated as follows:

MTBF / (MTBF + MTTR

related expected downtime is ( 1 Availability% ) * 1 year.

example, a 500 GB with a MTBF specification of 750,000 hours

24 hours replacement contract and
4 hours to restore the backup
availability would then be 750,000 / ( 750,000 + 28 ) = 0.9999626680%
resulting in a yearly downtime of ( 1 0.9999626680) * ( 365 days * 24 hours * 60
minutes ) = 19,6 min.