Tonal Dialects and Consonant-Pitch Interaction in Yucatec Maya

31

glottalization, 5% of LOW TONE vowels, and 6% of SHORT vowels. In the

rest of this section, I discuss glottalization in only the GLOTTALIZED
vowels.

Figure II-1 Three common types of glottalization: creakiness in the middle,

towards the last half of the vowel, and as a glottal stop. All tokens were spoken by
males from Mrida.

The most common types of glottalization match those noted in Avelino

et al. (this volume): creaky middle (modal voice interrupted by creaky
voice), creaky end (modal voice that changes to creaky voice), and full
glottal stop (modal voice interrupted by a glottal stop). These three types
of glottalization are illustrated with spectrograms in Figure 1. A small
percentage of vowels are produced with creaky voice throughout the
duration of the vowel, and some vowels showed glottalization but were not
easily classifiable as one of these four types. The distribution of these
glottalization types for those GLOTTALIZED vowels that were produced
with glottalization is summarized in Table .
Table II-7 Distribution of glottalization types
type of glottalization
creaky middle
creaky end
other
full glottal stop
creaky throughout

41.2%
25.8%
18.0%
12.6%
2.4%

Table summarizes the distribution of glottalization type on the basis of

gender, location, and existence of word. The effect of gender is not
significant. For location, we see some noticeable differences. Mrida
speakers are more likely to produce glottalization and more likely to
produce a full glottal stop than speakers from Santa Elena or Sisbicchn.