20

LESSON NO. 58

PART I:

BEFORE THE BROADCAST

KATA OF YANG BERGUNA

1. A CONTAINER (= TEMPAT/WAOAH) OF FOOD/DRINK

CHRIS: Do you want a cup of tea, Iwan?
IWAN: No, thanks. But I'll have a glass of lemonade.
Kata of kite pakai di antara nama suatu tempat/wadah dan isinya. (Tempat/wadah inijuga dapat dipakai
sebagai satuan untuk menyatakan jumlah.) Perhatikan bahwa di Australia orang memakai gelas untuk
minuman dingin, den menggunakan cangkir untuk minuman panas. Lihatlah contoh-contoh berikut:
a glass
of milk
a cup
of tea
a glass
of lemonade
a cup
of coffee
two glasses of water
three cups of hot chocolate

Tempat/Wadah lain yang dipakai untuk makanan. minuman dan lain-lain:

a tin
of biscuits
a jug
a bottle
of milk
two boxes
a plate (= sepiring)
three jars
a bowl (= semangkuk)

a pot
of tea
a packet (> sebungkus) of cigarettes

of iced water
of matches (> korek
epi)
of sandwiches
of jam
of soup

2. A SLICE/PIECE (= SEIRIS/SEPOTONG) OF SOMETHING TO EAT

CHRIS: Do you want a slice of bread, Iwan?
IWAN: Yes, please, Chris.

CHRIS: And what about a piece of chicken?

Ungkapan piece of atau slice of dipakai di muka kebanyakan nama

a slice
of cake
a piece
a slice
of meat
a piece
two slices
of toast
some pieces

makanan yang dapat diiris.

of chicken
of apple
of pineapple

3. OF UNTUK MENUNJUKKAN HUBUNGAN ANTARA OUA HAL

the
the
the
the
the
the

name
address
corner
front
inside
outside

of
of
of
of
of
of

the
the
the
the
the
the

suburb
owner
street
house
cupboard
building

(=
(=
(=
(=
(=
(>

nama daerah itu)

alamat pemilik)
sudut jalan itu)
bagian muka rumah itu)
bagian dalam lemari itu)

bagian luar gedung itu)

4. OF OALAM UNGKAPAN YANG MENUNJUKKAN SEBAGIAN OARI SUA TU JUMLAH

I want one of those peaches.
She wants some of them.
I've got hundreds of books. A lot of them are
about Indonesia.

5. OF UNTUK MENUNJUKKAN BAHAN SUA TU BENOA (

She's got a few of them.

I'll buy three of them.
He lost some of them.

= OARI APA SUA TU BENOA OIBUAT)

Those tables are made of wood

= Meja-meja itu dibuat dad kayu

That bridge was built of steel

= Jembatan itu dibuat dad baja

The temple is constructed of stone = Kuil itu dibangun dari batu

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6. OF DALAM UNGKAPAN YANG MENUNJUKKAN ARAH

Sydney is east of Perth
= Sydney di sebelah timur Perth
Perth is west of Adelaide
= Perth di sebelah barat Adelaide
Brisbane is north of Sydney
= Brisbane di sebelah utara Sydney
Melbourne is south of Sydney = Melbourne di sebelah selatan Sydney

BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BROADCAST

a slice [SLAIS]
a toaster [TOUSta] = alat pemanggang roti
soft drink [SOFT DRINGK] = limun/minuman
tanpa alkohol
a box of matches [BOKS_av MA:Caz]
a sheet of paper [SYTT_av PElpa] = sehelai
kertas
a cassette [kaSET /klllSET] = pita kaset
a fire [FAla] = kebakaran
a fire brigade [FAla brageid] = barisan/dinas
pemadam kebakaran
a knife [NAIF] = pisau
an owner [OUna]
a corner [KOna]
the front [dhe FRANT]
the inside [dhfy_INSAID]
the outside [dhfy..AUTSAID]
the cause [dha KOZ] = sebabnya
damaged [DA:Mijd]

rusak

plenty of time [PLENtiy_av TAIM] = banyak

waktu
full of smoke [FUL...av SMOUK] = penuh
dengan asap
a few of them [a FYOw_av dham] = beberapa
dari mereka/beberapa di antaranya
one of them [WAN_av dham] = salah setu dari
mereka/salah satu di antaranya
some of them [SAM_av dham] = beberapa
dari mereka/beberapa di antaranya
plenty of them [PLENtiy_av dham] = banyak

butter [BATa] = mentega

stone [STOUN]

rubber [RABa] = karet

steel [STIL]

plastic [PLA:Stik] = plastik

damage [DA:Mij] = keruseken

north [NOTH]

south [SAUTH]

east [1ST]

west [WEST]

burn-burnt-burnt [BaN -BaNT-B8NT]

terbakar
choose-chose-chosen [COZ-COUZ
COUzan] = memilih
throw-threw-thrown [TH ROU- THRO
THROUN] = melemparkan; menyiramkan
(mis. air)
smell-smelt-smelt [SMEL-SMELT-SMELT] =
mencium
What would you like? [WOT wud_yu LAIK] =
Saudara mau apa?
We won't be long [wfWOUNT bf LONG] =
Kami tidak lama
The toast caught fire [dha TOUST KOT FAla]
= Roti panggangnya terbakar
It was made of wood [at waz MEID_av WUD]

Be careful of the paint [bf KEafal_av dha

PEINT] = Berhati-hatilah dengan cat itu

I'm fond of music [aim FOND_av MYOzik]

Saya suka musik

'Sure [SYO(a)] = Certainly
(Certainly lebih resmi dari pada sure)

PART 11: AFTER THE BROADCAST

PERBENDAHARAAN KATA TAMBAHAN

dirt [DaT] = kotoran
sandstone [SA:NDstoun] = batu pesir
a bowl [BOUL]
a container [kanTElna]

the smell of paint [dha SMEL...av PEINT] = bau cat

the history of the area [dha HIStriy_av dhfy_Eariya]

= sejarah daerah itu

a plate of sandwiches [PLEIT_av SA:N(D)wicaz]

construct [kanSTRAKT]

old-fashioned [ould FA:SYand]

kuno/ketinggalan zaman

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= sebuah

a pair of scissors [PEar_av SIZaz]

gunting
a pair of earrings [PEacav_laringz]

= sepasang

a packet of cigarettes [PA:KaLav sigaRETS]

a cake of
soap
[KEIK_av SOUP]

sebuah/sebatang sabun
a bar of chocolate [BAcav COKlat]

anting-anting

= sepotong

a pair of trousers [PEar_avTRAUzaz]

a loaf of bread [LOUF_av BRED] = sebatang roti

2 loaves of bread [TO LOUVl....av BRED]
a grain of salt [GREIN_av SOLT] = sebutir garam
a spot of dirt [SPOT_av OaT] = setitiklsebercsk

celana
a pair of football boots [PEacav FUTbol bUts] =

sepasang sepatu sepakbola

a pair of socks [PEar_av SOKS] = sepasang kaus

keki
a pair of underpants [PEacav...ANdaprents] =

kotoran

a piece of advice [pTS_av_adVAIS] = nesihet

hundreds of books [HANdradz-av BUKS] =

sepotong celana dalam

= sepotong

a pair of shorts [PEacav SYOTS]

= sepotong

coklat

beratus-ratus buku

celana pendek
a pair of glasses [PEar_av GLAsaz]

= sebuah

kacamata
Beberapa penggunaan lain kata OF
A. Kite memakai ungkapan A PAIR OF untuk menyebutkan sesuatu yang terdiri dari dua bagian:
a
a
a
a

pair
pair
pair
pair

of
of
of
of

shoes
glasses
scissors
earrings

a
a
a
a
a

pair
pair
pair
pair
pair

of trousers

of football boots

of socks

of underpants

of shorts

B. Kita memakai kata of untuk menyebutJcan jumlah benda-benda yang tidak dapat dihitung
(uncountable nouns):

How much soap? ...

a cake
a bar
two sheets
a litre
three loaves
a piece

of
of
of
of
of
of

half a kilo
two metres
ten litres
a grain
four pieces
a spot

soap
chocolate
paper
milk
bread
wood

of
of
of
of
of
of

coffee

material

petrol

salt

steak

dirt

C. Kita memakai ungkapan 8 piece of dengan kata-kata yang tak dapat dihitung berikut ini:
A piece of information
A piece of furniture

A piece of advice
A piece of luggage

A piece of news

Beberapa ungkapan dengan of yang berguna dalam percakapan

I'm fond of painting.

Artinya: Saya suka mengecat. Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain:

He's fond of her.

They're fond of cake.

She's fond of music.

Be careful of the paint! Artinya: berhati-hatilah. Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain:
Be careful of their dog!
Be careful of the traffic!

EXERCISES
A. Pakailah kata-kata berikat untuk melengkapi ungkapan-ungkapan di bawah ini. Setiap kata hanya

aepet dipakai satu kali.

Example: A pot of ..
SOAP BREAD SOUP CHICKEN LEMONADE MATCHES SALT JAM
Answer: A pot of tea.
1. A grain of .....
2. A box of .
3. A bottle of ..
4. A jar of ...

5.
6.
7.
8.

A
A
A
A

bowl of ....
loaf of.
cake of .,
piece of .

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B. /si/ah titik-titik da/am setiap ka/imat di bawah ini dengan sa/ah satu ungkapan pada ha/aman 20-22.
Lihat/ah contoh berikut:
Example: I want
soup.
Example: He bought three
soap.

Answer: I want a bowl of soup.

Answer: He bought three cakes of soap.

1. We eat two.
. bread every week.
7. She made ..
tea.
trousers.
2. He bought
8. Would you like ..
.. soup?
3. He wants ten
petrol.
9. He gave me
advice.
4. Here's
steak.
10. Can you give me
..... paper?
5. She was wearing
earrings.
11. There's.. ... dirt on my dress.
water.
12. He has a new ......... socks.

6. He drank two

LESSON NO. 59

PART I:

Masih ingat?

BEFORE THE BROADCAST

.Pedoman untuk mengubah Direct Speech menjadi Reported Speech

Simple Present
berubah menjadi
Simple Past
berubah menjadi
Past Continuous
Present Continuous
Can/Can't
berubah menjadi
Could/Couldn't
Will/Won't
berubah menjadi
Would/Wouldn't
berubah menjadi
berubah menjadi

I/my
We/our

He/his atau she/her (atau you/your)

They/their (atau you/your)

Sekarang
PERUBAHAN-PERUBAHAN TENSE LAIN DALAM REPORTED SPEECH
1. Present Perfect (Simple) + atau Past Perfect (Simple) + atauMargaret:
Chris:
Helen:

"I've cleaned the house."

---~)

Chris: She said she had }c1eaned the house.

she'd
"I've finished my exams." - - - - + ) Jane: He said he'd finished his exams.
"Iwan has just phoned."
) Bert: She said Iwan had just phoned.
'" haven't finished yet."
"We haven't eaten yet."
"He hasn't phoned yet."

2.

Present Perfect (Continuous)

Chris:
Jane:
Helen:

atau-

"I've been helping her."

"We've been working hard."
"I've been hurrying."

She said she hadn't finished yet.

She said they hadn't eaten yet.
She said he hadn't phoned yet.
Past Perfect (Continuous)
) Jane:
) Chris:
) Jane:

atau-

He said he'd been helping her.

She said they'd been working hard.
She said she'd been hurrying.

"We haven't been watching T.V. lately." .......... She said they hadn't been watching

T.V. lately.
"I haven't been working hard."
She said she hadn't been working hard.
"He hasn't been borrowing money."
She said he hadn't been borrowing
money.

Perhatikan/ah bahwa da/am semua contoh nomor 1 dan 2, have/has berubah menjadi had, dan kata
kerja /ainnya tidak berubah.