CH 1: HIN TNG QUANG IN

PHN I: KIN THC CHUNG.

1. Hin tng quang in: Hin tng nh sng lm bt cc lectron ra khi mt kim loi gi l hin tng
quang in (ngoi).
2. nh lut v gii hn quang in
- nh lut:
i vi mi kim loi, nh sng kch thch phi c bc sng ngn hn hay bng gii hn quang in 0
ca kim loi , mi gy ra hin tng quang in.
- Gii hn quang in ca mi kloi l c trng ring ca kim loi .
- nh lut v gii hn quang in ch c th gii thch c bng thuyt lng t nh sng.
3. Thuyt lng t nh sng.
- Gi thuyt Plng
Lng nng lng m mi ln mt nguyn t hay phn t hp th hay pht x c gi tr hon ton xc nh
v bng hf; trong f l tn s ca nh sng b hp th hay c pht ra; cn h l mt hng s.
Lng t nng lung
hf (1)
Lng nng lng ni trn gi l lng t nng lng v c k hiu bng ch :
-34
Trong : h = 6,625.10 J.s gi l hng s Plng.
Thuyt lng t nh sng: Ni dung ca thuyt:
+ nh sng c to thnh bi cc ht gi l phtn.
+ Vi mi nh sng n sc c tn s f, cc phtn u ging nhau, mi phtn mang nng lng bng hf.
+ Trong chn khng, phtn bay vi tc c = 3.108 m/s dc theo cc tia sng.
+ Mi ln mt nguyn t hay phn t pht x hoc hp th nh sng th chng pht ra hay hp th mt
phtn.
+ Phtn ch tn ti trong trng thi chuyn ng. Khng c phtn ng yn.
Gii thch nh lut v gii hn quang in bng thuyt lng t nh sng
+ Anh-xtanh cho rng hin tng quang in xy ra do s hp th phtn ca nh sng kch thch bi
lectron trong kim loi.
+ Mi phtn b hp th s truyn ton b nng lng ca n cho mt lectron.
+ Mun cho lectron bt ra khi mt kim loi phi cung cp cho n mt cng thng cc lin kt. Cng
ny gi l cng thot (A).
Vy, mun cho hin tng quang in xy ra th nng lng ca phtn nh sng kch thch phi ln hn
hoc bng cng thot:
hf A

hay h

hc
A

t: 0

hc
A

=> 0

(2)

0 chnh l gii hn quang in ca kim loi v h thc (2) phn nh nh lut v gii hn quang in.

4. Lng tnh sng - ht ca nh sng

nh sng c tnh cht sng, nh sng c tnh cht ht => nh sng c lng tnh sng - ht.
Ch : D tnh cht no ca nh sng th hin ra th nh sng vn c bn cht in t.
5. Cht quang dn v hin tng quang in trong
- Cht quang dn l cht dn in km khi khng b chiu sng v tr thnh cht dn in tt khi b chiu
nh sng thch hp.
- Hin tng quang in trong:
+ Khi khng b chiu sng, cc lectron trong cc cht quang dn u trng thi lin kt vi cc nt
mng tinh th => khng c lectron t do => cht dn in km.
+ Khi b chiu sng, mi phtn ca nh sng kch thch s truyn ton b nng lng ca n cho mt
lectron lin kt. Nu nng lng m lectron nhn c ln th lectron c th c gii phng khi
mi lin kt tr thnh lectron dn v tham gia vo qu trnh dn in. Mt khc, khi lectron lin kt
c gii phng th n s li mt l trng. L trng ny cng tham gia vo qu trnh dn in. Vy, khi
cht ni trn tr thnh cht dn in tt.
- Hin tng nh sng gii phng cc lectron lin kt cho chng tr thnh cc lectron dn ng thi to
ra cc l trng cng tham gia vo qu trnh dn in, gi l hin tng quang in trong.

+ Hin tng quang in trong c ng dng trong quang in tr v pin quang in.
6. Quang in tr
- Quang in tr l mt in tr lm bng cht quang dn. N c cu to gm mt si dy bng cht quang
dn gn trn mt cch in.
- in tr ca quang in tr c th thay i t vi mgam khi khng c chiu sng xung n vi trc
m khi c chiu nh sng thch hp.
7. Pin quang in
- Pin quang in (cn gi l pin Mt Tri) l mt ngun in chy bng nng lng nh sng. N bin i
trc tip quang nng thnh in nng.
- Hiu sut ca cc pin quang in ch vo khong trn di 10%.
* Sut in ng ca pin quang in nm trong khong t 0,5V n 0,8V.
- ng dng ca pin quang in
Pin quang in c ng dng trong cc my o nh sng, v tinh nhn to, my tnh b ti Ngy nay
ngi ta ch to th thnh cng t v c my bay chy bng pin quang in.
8. Hin tng quang pht quang
- Khi nim v s pht quang
+ Mt s cht c kh nng hp th nh sng c bc sng ny pht ra nh sng c bc sng khc. Hin
tng gi l hin tng quang pht quang. Cht c kh nng pht quang l cht pht quang.
+ Mt c im quan trng ca s pht quang l n ko di mt thi gian sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
Thi gian ny di ngn khc nhau ph thuc vo cht pht quang.
Hunh quang v ln quang
+ S pht quang ca cc cht lng v kh c c im l nh sng pht quang b tt rt nhanh sau khi tt nh
sng kch thch. S pht quang ny gi l s hunh quang.
+ S pht quang ca nhiu cht rn li c c im l nh sng pht quang c th ko di mt khong thi
gian no sau khi tt nh sng kch thch. S pht quang ny gi l s ln quang. Cc cht rn pht quang
loi ny gi l cc cht ln quang.
* c im ca nh sng hunh quang
nh sng hunh quang c bc sng di hn bc sng ca nh sng kch thch
TM TT CNG THC
* Phng trnh Einstein:
a. Gii hn quang in: 0

hc
; 1eV 1,6.1019 J
A(J )

1 2
b. ng nng: W0M mv0M (J )
2
2
hc 1 2
mv0M hay e = hf = hc = A + mv0 Max
0 2
l
2
Ch : Phng trnh Einstein gii thch nh lut 1; nh lut 3; thuyt lng t gii thch nh lut 2
*. iu kin trit tiu hon ton dng quang in: I q 0 W0M eUh; Uh 0

c. Phng trnh Einstein: A W0M hay

*. Dng quang in bo ha:

I bh

I t
nq
n bh
t
q

: S electron bt ra trong thi gian t.

Ibh = n1.e

( Trong n1 l s e bt ra trong 1giy)

E
* Nng lng chm photon: E N N : S photon p vo

E
hc
* Cng sut bc x ca ngun: P =N .
(W) . N l s phtn n K trong 1 giy.
t

n
* Hiu sut lng t: H .100%
N
W W W0
i
* nh l ng nng: W AuFr v
ur
AF Fscos

* Xt vt c lp v in, c in th cc i VMax v khong cch cc i dMax m electron chuyn ng

1
eVMax = mv02Max = eEd Max
trong in trng cn c cng E c tnh theo cng thc:
2
* Vi U l hiu in th gia ant v catt, vA l vn tc cc i ca electron khi p vo ant, vK = v0Max
L vn tc ban u cc i ca electron khi ri catt th:
1
1
eU = mv A2 - mvK2
2
2

hc
X hfX
X
Nng lng tia X :
W eU

AK
X
hc
Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen: l Min =
W
mv 2
mv 2
= eU AK + 0 l ng nng ca electron khi p vo i catt (i m cc)
2
2
U l hiu in th gia ant v catt
v l vn tc electron khi p vo i catt
v0 l vn tc ca electron khi ri catt (thng v0 = 0)
m = 9,1.10-31 kg l khi lng electron.
* Bn knh qu o ca electron khi chuyn ng vi vn tc v trong t trng u B
r ur
mv
R=
, a = (v,B)
eB sin a
Xt electron va ri khi catt th v = v0Max
r ur
mv
Khi v ^ B sin a = 1 R =
eB
Lu : Hin tng quang in xy ra khi c chiu ng thi nhiu bc x th khi tnh cc i lng: Vn
tc ban u cc i v0Max, hiu in th hm Uh, in th cc i VMax, u c tnh ng vi bc x c
Min (hoc fMax).
Trong W =

PHN II. CC DNG BI TP

DNG 1: I CNG V HIN TNG QUANG IN
- TM CC I LNG THNG GP( CNG THOT A, gii hn quang in 0, Vmax, Uhm, hiu
sut lng t H
VD1. Cng thot electron khi ng l 4,57 eV. Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,14 m vo mt qu cu
bng ng t xa cc vt khc. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng v in th cc i m qu cu ng tch
c.

hc 6,625.10 34.3.108

HD: Ta c: 0 =
= 0,27.10-6 m;
A
4,57.1,6.10 19
W0 =

hc - A = 6,88.10-19 J; V =
max

Wd 0
= 4,3 V.
e

VD2. Cng thot electron khi km l 4,25 eV. Chiu vo mt tm km t c lp v in mt chm bc x

in t n sc th thy tm km tch c in tch cc i l 3 V. Tnh bc sng v tn s ca chm bc
x.
HD : Ta c: W0max = eVmax = 3 eV; =

hc
A Wd 0max

= 0,274.10- 6 m;

=> f =

= 1,1.1014 Hz.

VD3. Chiu chm bc x in t c tn s f = 5,76.10 14 Hz vo mt ming kim loi th cc quang electron c

vn tc ban u cc i l v = 0,4.10 6 m/s. Tnh cng thot electron v bc sng gii hn quang in ca
kim loi .
HD: Ta c: A = hf => 0 =

1 2
mv
2 0

= 3,088.10-19 J

hc = 0,64.10-6 m.
A

VD4. Cng thot electron khi kim loi natri l 2,48 eV. Mt t bo quang in c catt lm bng natri, khi
c chiu sng bng chm bc x c bc sng 0,36 m th cho mt dng quang in c cng bo ha
l 3 A. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in v s electron bt ra khi catt trong 1 giy.
HD Ta c: W0 =
ne =

I bh
e

hc - A = 1,55.10-19 J; v =
0

2Wd 0
= 0,58.106 m/s;
m

= 1,875.1013.

VD5. Chiu mt bc x in t c bc sng vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit cng thot electron
ca kim loi lm catt l 3 eV v cc electron bn ra vi vn tc ban u cc i l 7.10 5 m/s. Xc nh bc
sng ca bc x in t v cho bit bc x in t thuc vng no trong thang sng in t.
HD:

hc
1
Ta c: =
= 0,215.10-6 m > => bc x thuc vng t ngoi.
A mv02
2
VD6. Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,438 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit kim loi lm catt
ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in l 0 = 0,62 m. Tm in p hm lm trit tiu dng quang
in.
HD: Ta c: W0 =
Uh = -

Wd 0
e

hc - hc = 1,33.10-19 J;
0

= - 0,83 V.

VD7. Chiu bc x c bc sng 0,405 m vo mt tm kim loi th cc quang electron c vn tc ban u

cc i l v1. Thay bc x khc c tn s 16.1014 Hz th vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron l v2 =
2v1. Tm cng thot electron ca kim loi.
HD: Ta c: f1 =

c
14
1 = 7,4.10 Hz;

1 2
mv = hf1 A;
2 1
1 2 1 2
mv = 4 mv
2 2 2 1

= hf2 A

=> 4 =

hf 2 A
hf1 A

=> A =

4hf1 hf 2
= 3.10-19 J.
3

VD8. Mt t bo quang in c catt lm bng asen c cng thot electron bng 5,15 eV. Chiu chm sng
n sc c bc sng 0,20 m vo catt ca t bo quang in th thy cng dng quang in bo ha l
4,5 A. Bit cng sut chm bc x l
3 mW. Xc nh vn tc cc i ca electron khi n va b bt ra
khi catt v hiu sut lng t.
HD Ta c: W0 =

ne =

Ibh
e

hc

- A = 1,7.10-19 J; v0 =

2Wd 0
m

= 0,6.106 m/s.

P P
ne

= 2,8.10 ; n = hc
hc = 3.1015 H = n = 9,3.10-3 = 0,93%.

13

VD9. Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,4 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in. Bit cng thot electron
ca kim loi lm catt l A = 2 eV, in p gia ant v catt l U AK = 5 V. Tnh ng nng cc i ca cc
quang electron khi ti ant.
HD: Ta c: W0 =

hc - A = 8,17.10-19 J;

Wmax = W0 + |e|UAK = 16,17.10-19 J = 10,1 eV.

VD10: H 2011: Mt cht pht quang c kch thch bng nh sng c bc sng 0,26 m th pht ra nh
sng c bc sng 0,52 m. Gi s cng sut ca chm sng pht quang bng 20% cng sut ca chm sng
kch thch. T s gia s phtn nh sng pht quang v s phtn nh sng kch thch trong cng mt
khong thi gian l
4
1
1
2
A. .
B.
.
C. .
D. .
5
10
5
5
P ' N ' ' N '
N'
'
2

0, 2
0, 2 0, 2.2
HD:
P
N
N '
N

5
DNG 2: TNH NNG LNG, NG LNG, KHI LNG PHOTON, S PHOTON BC X
KHI NGUN, S e DCH CHUYN TRONG MCH.

DNG 3: IN TCH, IN TH, IN TRNG CC I CA VT KIM LOI C LP V

IN KHI XY RA HIN TNG QUANG IN.
VD1: qu cu kim loi c bn knh 10 cm,chiu sng nh sng c bc sng =2.10^-7 m,qu cu phi tch
in bao nhiu e ko thot ra ngoi . bit cng thot A=4,5 Ev
(member do thu huong HI lophocthem.com)

HD: - t A tnh c 0 ( thng nhng bi ton ny chc chn hin tng quang in xy ra, khi cn
tnh mt thi gian e nh)
qu cu mt dn e v bt u tch in dng q.
=>in th trn qu cu V = K.q/R. trong k = 9.10^9 hng s tng tc in.
=> khi in tch ln lc in trng ht gi e li khng b bt ra khi :
cng ca lc in trng Ain W
=> e.Vmax = mv^2/2 = hc/lamda - cng thot
=> e.k.q/R = hc/lamda - Athoat
=> q=.
ch : i Athot v n v jun.
e =1,6.10^-19 c
c bi hi s e bt ra em ly n = q/e.
DNG 4: CHUYN NG CA e TRONG IN TRNG, T TRNG U.
PHNG PHP
* Bn knh qu o ca electron khi chuyn ng vi vn tc v trong t trng u B
r ur
mv
R=
, a = (v,B)
eB sin a
Xt electron va ri khi catt th v = v0Max
r ur
mv
Khi v ^ B sin a = 1 R =
eB
Lu : Hin tng quang in xy ra khi c chiu ng thi nhiu bc x th khi tnh cc i lng: Vn
tc ban u cc i v0Max, hiu in th hm Uh, in th cc i VMax, u c tnh ng vi bc x c
Min (hoc fMax).
r r
* Qu o khi electron quang in chuyn ng trong in trng u c E v .: l mt nhnh parabol
ging chuyn ng nm ngang ca mt vt.
Ta tin hnh kho st:
+

PHN III. TRC NGHIM TNG HP:

32

HIN TNG QUANG IN S 1

H v tn:.... THPT.
Cu 1: Nu trong mt mi trng, ta bit c bc sng ca lng t nng lng nh sng (phtn) hf
bng , th chit sut tuyt i ca mi trng trong sut bng
A. c /f.
B. c/ f.
C. hf/c.
D. f/c.

Cu 2: Cng thot electron ca mt kim loi l A, gii hn quang in l 0 . Khi chiu vo b mt kim loi
bc x c bc sng l = 0 /2 th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in bng
A. 3A/2.
B. 2A.
C. A/2.
D. A.
Cu 3: Hin tng quang dn xy ra i vi
A. kim loi.
B. cht in mi.
C. cht bn dn.
D. cht in phn.
Cu 4: Chn cu ng. Chiu mt chm tia hng ngoi vo l km tch in m th
A. in tch m ca l km mt i.
B. tm km s trung ho v in.
C. in tch ca tm km khng thay i.
D. tm km tch in dng.
Cu 5: Linh kin no di y hot ng da vo hin tng quang in trong ?
A. T bo quang in.
B. Quang in tr.
C. n LED.
D. Nhit in tr.
Cu 6: Chn cu ng. Gii hn quang in ph thuc vo
A. bn cht kim loi lm catot.
B. hiu in th UAK ca t bo quang in.
C. bc sng nh sng chiu vo catod.
D. in trng gia A v K.
Cu 7: Chn cu tr li khng ng. Cc hin tng lin quan n tnh cht lng t ca nh sng l
A. hin tng quang in.
B. s pht quang ca cc cht.
C. hin tng tn sc nh sng.
D. tnh m xuyn.
Cu 8: Kim loi lm catt ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in l 0 = 0,5 m. Chiu nh sng
vo catot, chm nh sng gy ra hin tng quang in khi
A. l nh sng t ngoi.
B. l tia X.
C. l tia gamma.
D. c 3 bc x trn.
Cu 9: Nguyn tc hot ng ca quang in tr da vo hin tng no?
A. Hin tng quang in ngoi.
B. Hin tng quang in trong.
C. Hin tng quang dn.
D. Hin tng pht quang ca cc cht rn.
Cu 10: Gii hn quang in ca mi kim loi l
A. bc sng ca nh sng kch thch chiu vo kim loi gy ra hin tng quang in.
B. cng thot ca electron b mt kim loi .
C. hiu in th hm.
D. bc sng gii hn ca nh sng kch thch gy ra hin tng quang in i vi kim loi .
Cu 11: Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang eletron khi bt khi kim loi ph thuc vo
A. kim loi dng lm catt.
B. s phtn chiu n catt trong mt giy.
C. bc sng ca bc x ti.
D. kim loi dng lm catt v bc sng ca bc x ti.
Cu 12: Quang electron bt ra khi b mt kim loi khi b chiu nh sng, nu
A. cng ca chm sng rt ln.
B. bc sng ca nh sng rt ln.
C. tn s nh sng rt nh.
D. bc sng nh hn hay bng mt gii hn xc nh.
Cu 13: Chn cu tr li khng ng:

A. Anhxtanh cho rng nh sng gm nhng ht ring bit gi l phtn.

B. Mi phtn b hp th truyn hon ton nng lng ca n cho mt electron.
C. Cc nh lut quang in hon ton ph hp vi tnh cht sng ca nh sng.
D. Thuyt lng t do Plng xng.
Cu 14: Trong cc trng hp no sau y electron c gi l electron quang in ?
A. Electron to ra trong cht bn dn.
B. Electron quang in l electron trong dy in thng thng.
C. Electron bt ra t catt ca t bo quang in.
D. Electron bt ra khi b nung nng trong ng tia X.
Cu 15: Chn cu ng. Thuyt sng nh sng
A. c th gii thch c nh lut v gii hn quang in.
B. c th gii thch c nh lut v cng dng quang in bo ho.
C. c th gii thch c nh lut v ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in.
D. khng gii thch c c 3 nh lut quang in.
Cu 16: Hiu in th hm Uh trit tiu hon ton dng quang in khng ph thuc vo
A. tn s f ca nh sng chiu vo.
B. cng thot ca electrn khi kim loi .
C. ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn.
D. cng chm sng kch thch.
Cu 17: Dng quang in bo ho xy ra khi
A. c bao nhiu lectrn bay ra khi catt th c by nhiu lectrn bay tr li catt.
B. cc electron c vn tc ban u cc i u v ant.
C. s electrn bt ra khi catt bng s phtn nh sng chiu vo catt.
D. tt c cc lectrn thot ra khi catt trong mi giy u v ant.
Cu 18: ng nng ban u cc i ca quang electron khi thot ra khi kim loi khng ph thuc vo
A. bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
B. cng thot ca electron khi kim loi .
C. cng chm sng kch thch.
D. c 3 iu trn.
Cu 19: Trong cht bn dn c hai loi ht mang in l
A. electron v ion dng.
B. ion dng v l trng mang in m.
C. electron v cc in m.
D. electron v l trng mang in dng.
Cu 20: Catot t bo quang in bng kim loi cso cng thot 2,07eV. Chiu nh sng vo catot, chm nh
sng gy ra hin tng quang in khi
A. l nh sng t ngoi.
B. l nh sng hng ngoi.
C. l nh sng n sc .
D. l nh sng c bc sng = 0,63 m.
Cu 21: Chiu ln lt cc bc x c tn s f 1 v f2 vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, sau dng cc
hiu in th hm c ln ln lt l U1 v U2 trit tiu cc dng quang in. Hng s Plng c th tnh
t biu thc no trong cc biu thc sau ?
e( U 2 U 1 )
e( U 1 U 2 )
e( U 2 U 1 )
A. h =
.
B. h =
.
C. h =
.
D. h =
f 2 f1
f 2 f1
f1 f 2
e( U 1 U 2 )
.
f1 f 2
Cu 22: Trong hin tng quang in, nng lng ca cc electron quang in pht ra
A. ln hn nng lng ca phtn chiu ti.
B. nh hn nng lng ca phtn chiu ti.
C. bng nng lng ca phtn chiu ti.
D. t l vi cng nh sng chiu ti.
Cu 23: nh sng n sc c tn s f1 chiu ti t bo quang in th hiu in th hm l U 1. Nu chiu nh
sng c tn s f2 th hiu in th hm l
A. U1 (f2 f1)h/e.
B. U1 + (f2 + f1)h/e.
C. U1 (f2 + f1)h/e.
D. U1 +(f2 f1)h/e.
Cu 24: Chn cu ng. Khi hin tng quang in xy ra, nu gi nguyn bc sng nh sng kch thch
v tng cng nh sng, ta c
A. ng nng ban u ca cc quang electron tng ln.
B. cng dng quang in bo ho tng.
C. cc quang electron n anod vi vn tc tng.
D. hiu in th hm tng.

Cu 25: Chn cu ng. Cng thot ca electron ca kim loi l

A. nng lng ti thiu ion ho nguyn t kim loi.
B. nng lng ti thiu bt nguyn t ra khi kim loi.
C. nng lng cn thit bt electron tng K nguyn t kim loi.
D. nng lng ca phtn cung cp cho nguyn t kim loi.
Cu 26: Chn pht biu ng khi ni v pin quang in.
A. Pin quang in l mt ngun in trong quang nng bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
B. Pin quang in l mt ngun in trong nhit nng bin thnh in nng.
C. Pin quang in hot ng da trn hin tng cm ng in t.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
Cu 27: Khi nh sng truyn i, cc lng t nng lng
A. khng thay i, khng ph thuc vo khong cch ngun sng xa hay gn.
B. thay i, ph thuc khong cch ngun sng xa hay gn.
C. thay i tu theo nh sng truyn trong mi trng no.
D. khng thay i khi nh sng truyn trong chn khng.
Cu 28: Chiu bc x in t c tn s f 1 vo tm kim loi lm bn cc electron quang in c vn tc ban
u cc i l v1. Nu chiu vo tm kim loi bc x in t c tn s f 2 th vn tc ca electron ban u
cc i l v2 = 2v1. Cng thot A ca kim loi tnh theo f1 v f2 theo biu thc l
4h
h
4h
h ( 4f1 f 2 )
.
.
.
.
A.
B.
C.
D.
3(f1 f 2 )
3( 4f1 f 2 )
(3f1 f 2 )
3
Cu 29: Hin tng quang dn l
A. hin tng mt cht pht quang khi b chiu bng chm electron.
B. hin tng mt cht b nng ln khi chiu nh sng vo.
C. hin tng gim in tr ca cht bn dn khi chiu nh sng vo.
D. s truyn sng nh sng bng si cp quang.
Cu 30: Khng nh no sau y v hiu ng quang in ph hp vi tin on ca l thuyt c in ?
A. i vi mi kim loi, khng phi nh sng c bc sng no cng gy ra hiu ng quang in.
B. S electron quang in c gii phng trong mt giy t l vi cng nh sng.
C. ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in khng ph thuc vo cng nh sng.
D. Khng c electron no c gii phng nu nh sng c tn s nh hn mt gi tr no , bt k cng
nh sng bng bao nhiu.
Cu 31: ng nng ban u cc i ca quang electron khng ph thuc vo
A. tn s ca nh sng kch thch.
B. bn cht ca kim loi.
C. bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
D. cng ca nh sng kch thch.
Cu 32: Khi cc phtn c nng lng hf chiu vo mt tm nhm(cng thot l A), cc electron quang in
phng ra c ng nng cc i l Wo. Nu tn s ca bc x chiu ti tng gp i, th ng nng cc i ca
cc electron quang in l
A. W0 + hf.
B. W0 + A.
C. 2W0.
D. W0.
Cu 33: Hin tng quang dn l hin tng
A. in tr ca mt cht bn dn tng khi c chiu sng.
B. in tr ca mt kim loi gim khi c chiu sng.
C. in tr ca mt cht bn dn gim khi c chiu sng.
D. truyn dn nh sng theo cc si quang un cong mt cch bt k.
Cu 34: Theo nh ngha, hin tng quang in trong l
A. hin tng quang in xy ra bn trong mt khi kim loi.
B. hin tng quang in xy ra bn trong mt khi in mi.
C. nguyn nhn sinh ra hin tng quang dn.
D. s gii phng cc electron lin kt chng tr thnh electron dn nh tc dng ca mt bc x in t.
*VI CU TRONG THI H NHNG NM GN Y
Cu 35(09): Pin quang in l ngun in, trong
A. ha nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
B. quang nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
C. c nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.

D. nhit nng c bin i trc tip thnh in nng.

Cu 36(09): Khi ni v thuyt lng t nh sng, pht biu no sau y l ng ?
A. Nng lng phtn cng nh khi cng chm nh sng cng nh.
B. Phtn c th chuyn ng hay ng yn ty thuc vo ngun sng chuyn ng hay ng yn.
C. Nng lng ca phtn cng ln khi tn s ca nh sng ng vi phtn cng nh.
D. nh sng c to bi cc ht gi l phtn.
Cu 37(08): Khi c hin tng quang in xy ra trong t bo quang in, pht biu no sau u l sai ?
A. Gi nguyn chm sng kch thch, thay i kim loi lm catt th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn
(lectron) quang in thay i.
B. Gi nguyn cng chm sng kch thch v kim loi dng lm catt, gim tn s ca nh sng kch
thch th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in gim.
C. Gi nguyn tn s ca nh sng kch thch v kim loi lm catt, tng cng chm sng kch thch th
ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in tng.
D. Gi nguyn cng chm sng kch thch v kim loi dng lm catt, gim bc sng ca nh sng
kch thch th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn (lectron) quang in tng.
Cu 3(07): Mt chm nh sng n sc tc dng ln b mt mt kim loi v lm bt cc lectrn (lectron)
ra khi kim loi ny. Nu tng cng chm sng ln ba ln th
A. ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in tng chn ln.
B. cng thot ca lectrn gim ba ln.
C. ng nng ban u cc i ca lectrn quang in tng ba ln.
D. s lng lectrn thot ra khi b mt kim loi trong mi giy tng ba ln.
Cu 10(07): Pht biu no l sai ?
A. Nguyn tc hot ng ca tt c cc t bo quang in u da trn hin tng quang dn.
B. in tr ca quang tr gim mnh khi c nh sng thch hp chiu vo.
C. C mt s t bo quang in hot ng khi c kch thch bng nh sng nhn thy.
D. Trong pin quang in, quang nng bin i trc tip thnh in nng.
Cu 6(08): Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x c tn s l f 1, f2 (vi f1 < f2) vo mt qu cu kim loi t c lp th
u xy ra hin tng quang in vi in th cc i ca cc qu cu ln lt l V1, V2. Nu chiu ng thi
hai bc x trn vo qu cu ny th in th cc i ca n l
A. (V1 + V2).
B. V1 V2 .
C. V2.
D. V1.
-19
Cu 25(09): Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l 7,64.10 J. Chiu ln lt vo b mt tm kim loi ny
cc bc x c bc sng l 1 = 0,18 m, 2 = 0,21 m v 3 = 0,35 m. Ly h=6,625.10-34 J.s, c = 3.108
m/s. Bc x no gy c hin tng quang in i vi kim loi ?
A. Hai bc x ( 1 v 2 ).
B. Khng c bc x no trong ba bc x trn.
C. C ba bc x ( 1 2 v 3 ).
D. Ch c bc x 1 .

1B
11 D
21A
31 D
25(09) A

2D
12 D
22 B
32 A

3C
13 C
23 D
33 C

4C
14 C
24 B
34 D

P N 32
5B
6A
15 B
16 D
25 A
26 A
35 B
36 D

7C
17 D
27 A
37 C

8D
18 C
28 D
3(07) D

9B
19 D
29 C
10(07) A

10 D
20 A
30 B
6(08) C

10

33

HIN TNG QUANG IN S 2

H v tn:Trng:
Cu 1: Chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,552 m vo catt mt t bo quang in, dng quang in bo
ho c cng l Ibh = 2m A. Cng sut ca ngun sng chiu vo catt l P = 1,20W. Hiu sut lng t
bng
A. 0,650%.
B. 0,375%.
C. 0,550%.
D. 0,425%.
Cu 2: Cng sut ca ngun sng l P = 2,5W. Bit ngun pht ra nh sng c bc sng 0,3 m. S ht
phtn ti catt trong mt n v thi gian bng
A. 38.1017.
B. 46.1017.
C. 58.1017.
D. 68.1017.
Cu 3: Kim loi lm catt mt t bo quang in c cng thot electron l A = 2,2eV. Chiu vo t bo
quang in bc x = 0,44 m. Vn tc ban u cc i ca quang electron c gi tr bng
A. 0,468.10-7m/s.
B. 0,468.105m/s.
C. 0,468.106m/s.
D. 0,468.109m/s.
Cu 4: Chiu ln lt 2 bc x c bc sng 1 = 400nm v 2 = 0,250 m vo catt mt t bo quang
in th thy vn tc ban u cc i ca quang electron gp i nhau. Cng thot ca electron nhn gi bng
A. 3,975.10-19eV.
B. 3,975.10-13J.
C. 3,975.10-19J.
D. 3,975.10-16J.
Cu 5: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot electron bng 4eV. Chiu n TBQ nh sng c bc
sng 2600A0. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catt l
A. 3105A0.
B. 5214A0.
C. 4969A0.
D. 4028A0.
Cu 6: Chiu mt chm bc x c bc sng = 0,56 m vo catt mt t bo quang in. Bit Ibh =
2mA. S electron quang in thot khi catt trong mi pht l bao nhiu ?
A. 7,5.1017 ht. B. 7,5.1019 ht. C. 7,5.1013 ht.D. 7,5.1015 ht.
Cu 7: Khi chiu bc x c tn s f = 2,538.10 15Hz vo kim loi dng catt t bo quang in th cc
electron bn ra u b gi li bi hiu in th hm Uh = 8V. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi y l
A. 0,495 m.
B. 0,695 m.
C. 0,590 m.. D. 0,465 m.
Cu 8: Chiu bc x n sc c bc sng = 0,2 m vo mt tm kim loi c cng thot electron l A =
6,62.10-19J. Elctron bt ra t kim loi bay vo mt min t trng u c cm ng t B = 5.10 -5T. Hng
chuyn ng ca electron quang in vung gc vi B . Vn tc ban u cc i ca quang electron bt ra
khi catt l
A. 0,854.106m/s.
B. 0,854.105m/s.
C. 0,65.106m/s.
D. 6,5.106m/s.
Cu 9: Chiu bc x n sc c bc sng = 0,2 m vo mt tm kim loi c cng thot electron l A =
6,62.10-19J. Elctron bt ra t kim loi bay vo mt min t trng u c cm ng t B = 5.10 -5T. Hng
chuyn ng ca electron quang in vung gc vi B . Bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng l
A. 0,97cm.
B. 6,5cm.
C. 7,5cm.
D. 9,7cm.
Cu 10: Cng sut ca ngun sng c bc sng 0,3 m l 2,5W. Hiu sut lng t H = 1%. Cng
dng quang in bo ho l
A. 0,6A.
B. 6mA.
C. 0,6mA.
D. 1,2A.
Cu 11: Catt ca mt t bo quang in lm bng vnfram. Bit cng thot ca electron i vi vnfram l
7,2.10-19J. Gii hn quang in ca vnfram l bao nhiu ?
A. 0,276 m.
B. 0,375 m.
C. 0,425 m.
D. 0,475 m.

Cu 12: Chiu nh sng c bc sng = 0,42 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th phi dng hiu
in th hm Uh = 0,96V trit tiu dng quang in. Cng thot ca electron ca kim loi lm catt l
A. 1,2eV.
B. 1,5eV.
C. 2eV.
D. 3eV.
Cu 13: Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng n sc c bc sng = 0,5 m v c cng sut bc x l 15,9W.
Trong 1 giy s phtn do ngn n pht ra l
A. 5.1020.
B.4.1020.
C. 3.1020.
D. 4.1019.
Cu 14: Khi chiu hai nh sng c tn s f 1 = 1015Hz v f2 = 1,5.1015Hz vo mt kim loi lm catt ca mt
t bo quang in, ngi ta thy t s gia cc ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in l bng
3. Tn s gii hn ca kim loi l
A. f0 = 1015Hz. B. f0 = 1,5.1015Hz.
C. f0 = 5.1015Hz.
D. f0 = 7,5.1014Hz.

11

Cu 15: Chiu ngun bc x in t c bc sng = 0,5 m ln mt kim loi dng lm catt ca t bo

quang in, ngi ta thu c cng dng quang in bo ho I bh = 2mA, bit hiu sut lng t H =
10%. Cng sut bc x ca ngun sng l
A. 7,95W.
B. 49,7mW.
C. 795mW.
D. 7,95W.

Cu 16: Chiu mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,20 m vo mt qu cu bng ng, t c lp v

in. Gii hn quang in ca ng l 0,30 m. in th cc i m qu cu t c so vi t l
A. 1,34V.
B. 2,07V.
C. 3,12V.
D. 4,26V.
Cu 17: Khi chiu ln lt cc bc x c tn s f 1 = 2,31.1015s-1 v f2 = 4,73.1015s-1 vo mt tm kim loi th
cc quang electron bn ra u b gi li bi cc hiu in th hm U1 = 6V v U2 = 16V. Hng s Planck c
gi tr l
A. 6,625.10-34J.s.
B. 6,622.10-34J.s.
C. 6,618.10-34J.s.
D. 6,612.10-34J.s.
Cu 18: Gii hn quang in chm sng c bc sng = 4000A0, bit cng thot ca kim loi lm catod
l 2eV. Hiu in th hm c gi tr bng
A. Uh = 1,1V. B. Uh = 11V. C. Uh = - 1,1V.D. Uh = 1,1mV.
Cu 19: Bit trong 10s, s electron n c anod ca t bo quang in 3.1016 v hiu sut lng t l 40%.
Tm s photon p vo catod trong 1 pht ?
A. 45.106.
B. 4,5.1016.
C. 45.1016.
D. 4,5.106.
Cu 20: Cho mt t bo quang in lm bng kim loi c gii hn quang in l 0 = 0,35 m. Chiu vo
catod nh sng t ngoi c bc sng = 0,30 m, bit hiu in th UAK = 100V. Vn tc ca electron
quang in khi n anod bng
A. 6000km/s. B. 6000m/s.
C. 5000km/s. D. 600km/s.
Cu 21: Chiu bc x c bc song 2.103A0 vo mt tm kim loi, cc electron bn ra vi ng nng ban
u cc i 5eV. Hi cc bc x sau y chiu vo tm kim loi , bc x no gy ra hin tng quang
in ?
A. = 103A0. B. = 15.103A0.
C. = 45.103A0.
D. = 76.103A0.
Cu 22: Trong mt ng Rnghen ngi ta to ra mt hiu in th khng i U = 2,1.10 4V gia hai cc.
Trong 1 pht ngi ta m c 6,3.1018 electron ti catt. Cng dng quang in qua ng Rnghen l
A. 16,8mA.
B. 336mA.
C. 504mA.
D. 1000mA.
Cu 23: Trong mt ng Rnghen ngi ta to ra mt hiu in th khng i U = 2,1.10 4V gia hai cc. Coi
ng nng ban u ca electron khng ng k, ng nng ca electron khi n m cc bng
A. 1,05.104eV. B. 2,1.104eV.
C. 4,2.104eV.
D. 4,56.104eV.
Cu 24: Trong mt ng Rnghen ngi ta tao ra mt hiu in th khng i U = 2,1.104V gia hai cc. Tn
s cc i m ng Rnghen c th pht ra l
A. 5,07.1018Hz.
B. 10,14.1018Hz.
C. 15,21.1018Hz.
D. 20,28.1018Hz.
Cu 25: Mt ng rnghen pht ra bc x c bc sng ngn nht l 6.10 -11m. Hiu in th cc i gia hai
cc ca ng l
A. 21kV.
B. 2,1kV.
C. 3,3kV.
D. 33kV.
Cu 26: Khi chiu bc x c bc sng vo b mt mt kim loi th hiu in th hm l 4,8(V). Nu
chnh mt kim loi c chiu bng mt bc x c bc sng ln gp i th hiu in th hm l 1,6(V).
Khi gii hn quang in l
A. 3 .
B. 4 .
C. 6 .
D. 8 .
Cu 27: B mt mt kim loi c gii hn quang in l 600nm c chiu bng nh sng c bc sng
480nm th cc electron quang in bn ra c vn tc ban u cc i l v(m/s).Cng b mt s pht ra cc
electron quang in c vn tc ban u cc i l 2v(m/s), nu c chiu bng nh sng c bc sng
A. 300nm.
B. 360nm.
C. 384nm.
D. 400.
0
Cu 28: nh sng c bc sng 4000A chiu vo kim loi c cng thot 1,88eV. ng nng ban u cc
i ca cc electron quang in l
A. 1,96.10-19J. B. 12,5.10-21J. C. 19,6.10-19J. D. 19,6.10-21J.
Cu 29: Tn s ln nht ca bc x X do ng Rnghen pht ra l 6.1018Hz. Hiu in th gia i catt v
catt l
A. 12kV.
B. 18kV.
C. 25kV.
D. 30kV.
Cu 30: Hiu in th gia i catt v catt ca mt ng tia Rnghen l 24kV. Nu b qua ng nng ca
elctrron bt ra khi catt th bc sng ngn nht do ng tia Rnghen ny pht ra l
A. 5,2pm.
B. 52pm.
C. 2,8pm.
D. 32pm.

12

Cu 31: Cng thot electron ca ng l 4,47eV. Khi chiu bc x c bc sng vo qu cu bng ng

t cch li vi cc vt khc th thy qu cu tch in n in th cc i l 3,25V. Bc sng bng
A. 1,61 m .
B. 1,26 m .
C. 161nm.
D. 126nm.
Cu 32: Cng thot ca electron khi b mt nhm bng 3,45eV. xy ra hin tng quang in nht thit
phi chiu vo b mt nhm nh sng c bc sng tho mn:
A. < 0,26 m .
B. 0,36 m . C. >36 m .
D. = 0,36 m .
0
Cu 33: ng Rnghen pht ra tia X c bc sng nh nht min = 5A khi hiu in th t vo hai cc ca
ng l U = 2KV. tng cng ca tia Rnghen, ngi ta cho hiu in th gia hai cc thay i mt
lng l U = 500V. Bc sng nh nht ca tia X lc bng
A. 10 A0.
B. 4 A0.
C. 3 A0.
D. 5 A0.
Cu 34: Chiu bc x c bc sng 533nm ln tm kim loi c cng thot A = 3.10 -19J. Dung mn chn tch
ra mt chm hp cc electron quang in v cho bay vo t trng theo phng vung gc vi ng cm
ng t. Bit bn knh cc i ca qu o ca cc electron quang in l 22,75mm. ln cm ng t B ca
t trng l
A. 2,5.10-4T.
B. 1,0.10-3T.
C. 1,0.10-4T.
D. 2,5.10-3T.
Cu 35: Mt ngun pht nh sng n sc c bc sng = 0,45 m chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang
in. Cng thot ca kim loi lm catt A = 2,25eV. Vn tc cc i ca cc quang electron bt ra khi catt
l
A. 421.105m/s. B. 42,1.105m/s.
C. 4,21.105m/s.
D. 0,421.105m/s.
Cu 36: Bc sng nh nht ca cc tia X c pht ra bi cc electron tng tc qua hiu in th U trong
ng Rnghen t l thun vi
A. U .
B. U2.
C. 1/ U .
D. 1/U.

Cu 37: Chn cu tr li ng. Gii hn quang in ca Natri l 0,5 m. Cng thot ca Km ln hn ca

Natri l 1,4 ln. Gii hn quang in ca km l
A. 0,7 m.
B. 0,36 m.
C. 0,9 m.
D. 0,63 m.

Cu 38: Chn cu tr li ng. Khi chiu nh sng c bc sng 0,3 m ln tm kim loi hin tng quang
in xy ra. trit tiu hon ton dng quang in phi t hiu in th hm U h = 1,4V. Bc sng gii
hn quang in ca kim loi ny l
A. 0,753 m.
B. 0,653 m.
C. 0,553 m.
D. 0,453 m.
Cu 39: Ln lt chiu hai bc x c bc sng 1 0,405m , 2 0,436m vo b mt ca mt tm
kim loi v o hiu in th hm tng ng Uh1 = 1,15V; Uh2 = 0,93V. Cng thot ca kim loi bng
A. 19,2eV.
B. 1,92J.
C. 1,92eV.
D. 2,19eV.

m
Cu 40: Chiu bc x c bc sng 0,35
vo mt kim loi, cc electron quang in bn ra u b gi li
bi mt hiu in th hm. Khi thay chm bc x c bc sng gim 0,05 m th hiu in th hm tng
thm 0,59V. in tch ca electron quang in c ln bng
A. 1,600.1019C.
B. 1,600.10-19C.
C. 1,620.10-19C.
D. 1,604.10-19C.
Cu 41: Khi chiu mt chm nh sng vo mt kim loi th c hin tng quang in xy ra. Nu dng hiu
in th hm bng 3V th cc electron quang in b gi li khng bay sang anot c. Cho bit gii hn
quang in ca kim loi bng 0,5 m . Tn s ca chm sng chiu ti kim loi bng
A. 13,245.1014Hz.
B. 13,245.1015Hz.
C. 12,245.1014Hz.
D. 14,245.1014Hz.
Cu 42(08): Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x c tn s l f1, f2 (vi f1 < f2) vo mt qu cu kim loi t c lp
th u xy ra hin tng quang in vi in th cc i ca cc qu cu ln lt l V 1, V2. Nu chiu ng
thi hai bc x trn vo qu cu ny th in th cc i ca n l
A. (V1 + V2). B. V1 V2 .
C. V2.
D. V1.
Cu 43(09): Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l 7,64.10-19J. Chiu ln lt vo b mt tm kim loi ny
cc bc x c bc sng l 1 = 0,18 m, 2 = 0,21 m v 3 = 0,35 m. Ly h=6,625.10-34 J.s, c = 3.108
m/s. Bc x no gy c hin tng quang in i vi kim loi ?
A. Hai bc x ( 1 v 2 ).
B. Khng c bc x no trong ba bc x trn.
C. C ba bc x ( 1 2 v 3 ).
D. Ch c bc x 1 .
Cu 44(07): Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rnghen l 18,75 kV. Bit ln in tch
lectrn (lectron), vn tc nh sng trong chn khng v hng s Plng ln lt l 1,6.10 -19 C, 3.108 m/s v
6,625.10-34 J.s. B qua ng nng ban u ca lectrn. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen do ng pht ra
l

13

A. 0,4625.10-9 m.
B. 0,5625. 10-10 m.
C. 0,6625. 10-9 m.
D. 0,6625. 10-10 m.
Cu 45(08): Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca mt ng Rnghen l U = 25 kV. Coi vn tc ban u ca
chm lectrn (lectron) pht ra t catt bng khng. Bit hng s Plng h 6,625.10 34 J .s , in tch
nguyn t bng 1,6.10-19(C). Tn s ln nht ca tia Rnghen do ng ny c th pht ra l
A. 60,380.1018(Hz).
B. 6,038 .1015(Hz). C. 60,380.1015(Hz). D. 6,038.1018(Hz).
Cu 46: Mt ng tia X pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 0,5A 0, cng dng in qua ng l 10mA.
Ngi ta lm ngui i catt bng mt dng nc chy qua i catt m nhit lc ra khi i catt ln
hn nhit lc vo l 400C. Coi 99,9% cc e p vo i ca tt c tc dng lm nng bn. Cho nhit dung
ring ca kim loi lm i m cc l C = 4200( J / kg.K ) . Trong mt pht khi lng nc chy qua i
catt bng
A. 0,887kg.
B. 0,0887g.
C. 0,0887kg.
D. 0,1887kg.
Mt ng tia X pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 0,5 A0, cng dng in qua ng l 10mA.
Tr li cc cu hi t 42 n 46
Cu 47: Nng lng phtn tia X bng
A. 3,975.10-13J.
B. 3,975.10-14J.
C. 3,975.10-15J.
D. 3,975.10-16J.
Cu 48: Hiu in th t vo gia hai cc ca ng tia X bng
A. 2,484.104V.B. 2,484.105V. C. 2,484.106V. D. 2,584.104V.
Cu 49: Vn tc ca electron khi p vo i catt bng
A. 9,65.107m/s.
B. 6,35.107m/s.
C. 9,35.106m/s.
D. 9,35.107m/s.
Cu 50: S electron p vo i catt trong 1 pht bng
A. 37,5.1015.
B. 37,5.1017.
C. 37,5.1018.
D. 33,5.1017.
Cn hc hiu c nhng mc ch, nhng o tng v au n ca con ngi
A.Einstein
1B
11 A
21 A
31 C
41 A

2A
12 C
22 A
32 B
42 C

3C
13 D
23 B
33 B
43 A

4C
14 D
24 A
34 C
44 D

P N 33
5A
6A
15 B
16 B
25 A
26 B
35 C
36 D
45 D
46 C

7A
17 D
27 A
37 B
47 C

8A
18 A
28 A
38 D
48 A

9D
19 C
29 C
39 C
49 D

10 B
20 A
30 B
40 D
50 B

14