DO NOW

In the back of your book answer these

questions.
What is discrete variation?
What is continuous variation?
Name two discrete, continuous and
acquired traits.

Whats inside the nucleus

Thats where it all
happens!!!!!

Learning intention
Describe the difference between
chromosomes, genes and DNA and
understand the role they have.

Unpacking the nucleus

Inside the nucleus are chromosomes.

Chromosomes are made of DNA
Segments of the DNA are called genes and these control our
Characteristics.

Chromosomes
Humans have 46 chromosomes in 23
pairs
You get one set (23) from your Mum, and
one set (23) from your Dad.
Each pair are the same, or homologous.
Homo = same and logous = structure

Homologous autosomes
22 pairs of our chromosomes are
homologous autosomes.
This is just a fancy way of saying the
same and not a sex chromosome

Sex chromosomes
We have one pair of chromosomes
that determine what sex we will be
Females have XX
Males have XY

remember
Chromosome are found in the cell
nucleus.
Humans have 23 pairs of
chromosomes
22 pairs are homologous autosomes
1 pair are sex chromosomes.
Females have XX
Males have XY

Video time
Brain break!!!!!!!!!

Unpacking a chromosome
Chromosomes are made from long
coiled molecules of DNA
This is divided into regions called
genes.
Each gene determines a trait.

DNA
DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic
acid.

The molecule looks lik

A twisted ladder

This is a DOUBLE HELI

DNA base pairs

DNA is made of sugar and phosphate
which form the side of the ladder
The rungs are made of four bases

A = adenine
T = thymine
G = guanine
C = cytosine

Base Pairs
Because of the way the bases bond,
they can only
C can bond with G C
T can bond with A A

G
T

Lets makes some DNA

This has always been an epic fail for
me
Lets see you all put me to shame