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Knitting Machines: Pushpa Kumari KD Iii
Knitting Machines: Pushpa Kumari KD Iii
O Pushpa Kumari
O KD III
Definition
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Knitting elements
Needles
Gauge
Sinker
Cam
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NEEDLES
O There are three types of needles in common use today in
BEARDED NEEDLE
O Bearded needle is the cheapest and simplest type to
manufacture.
O It is made from a single piece of metal.
There are five main parts:O The stem around which the needle loop is formed.
O The head where the stem is turned into a hook to
LATCH NEEDLE
O The latch needle was developed in the mid 19th
COMPOUND NEEDLE
O Compound needle consists of two separately control parts i.e,
Machine gauge
O Gauge is the term used to describe the needle spacing, which can
SINKER
O The sinker is the second primary knitting
CAM
O The upward movement of the needle is
1. Single Jersey
2. Double Jersey
Special Features
O Machine gauge : normally 5-15 needles per 1.5 inch
O Machine width : up to 78.7 inches
O Needle type : Latch
O Needle bed type : single, rib and interlock
O End- products : jumpers, pullovers, cardigans, dressed,
suits, hats,
Tricot Machine
O In tricot machines the needles mainly used are
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Tricot Knit
o Tricot fabric is soft, wrinkle resistant and has good
drapability. Tricot knits are used for a wide variety of
fabric weights and designs. Some examples of tricot
fabric are lingerie, loungewear, sleepwear, blouses,
shirts, dresses, slacks etc.
Raschel Machine
O Reschel machines are different from tricot
Raschel Knit
The raschel knit ranks in importance of production with
tricot but it make varieties of products ranging from
veilings, laces, power nets for foundation garments, to
carpets. Raschel knitting is done with heavy yarns and
usually has an intricate lace-like pattern
Drop-Stitch Knitting
O Drop-stitch knitting is a knitting
Fair Isle
Fair Isle is a traditional knitting technique used
to create patterns with multiple colours.
Technique:
o Basic two-colour Fair Isle requires no new
techniques beyond the basic knit stitch.
o At each knit stitch, there are two available
"active" colours of yarn; one is drawn through
to make the knit stitch, and the other is simply
held behind the piece, carried as a loose strand
of yarn behind the just-made stitch.
o The simplest Fair Isle pattern is as follows:
using circular or double pointed needles, cast
on any number of stitches.
o Then, just keep knitting round and round,
always alternating colours every stitch.
o If started with an even number of stitches,
vertically striped tube of fabric is formed, and if
started with an odd number of stitches, it will
be a diagonal grid that appears to mix the two
colours.
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Intarsia
Intarsia is a knitting technique used to
create patterns with multiple colors. As with
the woodworking technique of the same
name, fields of different colors and materials
appear to be inlaid in one another, but are in
fact all separate pieces, fit together like a
jigsaw puzzle.
O Knitting in intarsia theoretically requires no
additional skills beyond being generally
comfortable with the basic knit and purl
stitches. Materials required include multiple
colours of yarn, standard needles, and
bobbins.
O After winding a few yards of each colour
onto its own bobbin, the knitter simply
begins knitting their pattern. When they
arrive at a point where the colour changes,
the knitter brings the new colour up
underneath the old one and starts knitting
with it. If flat knitting, at the end of the row,
the piece is turned round just as with regular
knitting,
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Slip-Stitch Knitting
Slip-stitch knitting is a family of knitting
techniques that use slip stitches to make
multiple fabrics simultaneously, to make
extra-long stitches, and/or to carry over colors
from an earlier row.
O In the basic slip stitch, the stitch is passed
from the left needle to the right needle
without being knitted. The yarn may be
passed invisibly behind the slipped stitch or in
front of the slipped stitch ,where it produces a
small horizontal "bar". Alternatively, the yarn
can be "tucked", i.e., made into a yarn-over
that is knitted together with the slipped stitch
on the next row.
O If knitted on the next row, the wyib slipped
stitch is twice as tall as its neighboring
stitches. A vertical column of such "doubleheight" stitches is a nice accent, e.g., on a
scarf or in a sweater, particularly in a
contrasting color.
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Mosaic Knitting
Mosaic knitting uses two colors (usually
both held at one side), but only one yarn is
handled at one time. Let the first and
second yarns be called "black" and "white"
for specificity, although any two colors may
be used.
O The knitter casts on an entirely white row.
The knitter then introduces the black yarn
and knits two rows, across and back. If a
white stitch is desired at a given position,
the stitch (from the white row below) is
slipped wyib; by contrast, if a black stitch is
desired, the stitch is knitted using the black
yarn.
O Mosaic knitting can produce many beautiful
patterns, particularly geometrical or
Grecian designs.
O A simple extension of mosaic knitting is to
use multiple colors, rather than just two,
although the limitations on the pattern
become even more severe. Another variant
is to hold the yarns on opposite edges (or to
knit circularly), which allows the knitter to
knit only one row per color
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Shadow Knitting
Shadow knitting also called "illusion
knitting" is a knitting technique that
produces patterns that vary with the
direction of viewing.
O The visual effect of shadow knitting is
due to the different height of the knit
stitches on the wrong side rows.
O A knit stitch is flat, while a purl stitch is
raised. Therefore, one can change
which color (dark or light) stands out
by changing from knit to purl.
O So the basic idea is to create a pattern
in knit stitches in the colors one wants
and purl stitches in the background
color. When looking straight at the
knitted piece, the stitches look
approximately the same, but from an
angle, only the raised purl stitches are
visible.
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Cable Knitting
Cable knitting is a style of knitting in which the
order of stitches is permuted.
O For example, let there be four stitches on the
needle in the order ABCD. The first two may be
crossed in front of the next two, forming the order
CDAB
O Cable knitting is usually less flexible and more
dense than typical knitting, having a much more
narrow gauge. This narrow gauge should be
considered when changing from the cable stitch to
another type of knitted fabric.
Cable Braids
O Cables are often used to make braid patterns.
Usually, the cables themselves are with a knit
stitch while the background is done in purl.
O As the number of cables increases, the number of
crossing patterns increases, as described by the
braid group.
O Various visual effects are also possible by shifting
the center lines of the undulating cables, or by
changing the space between the cables, making
them denser or more open.
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Lace Knitting
Lace knitting is a style of knitting
characterized by stable "holes" in the
fabric arranged with consideration of
aesthetic value.
O Lace is sometimes considered the
pinnacle of knitting, because of its
complexity and because woven
fabrics cannot easily be made to have
holes.
O True knitted lace has pattern stitches
on both the right and wrong sides;
knitting with pattern stitches on only
one side of the fabric, so that holes
are separated by at least two threads,
is technically not lace, but often
called "lacy knitting".
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