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ubf{ oL sfnf afbnx? x6\ g ]
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hfg] k|ltj4tf JoQm u/]sf lyP .
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ltnsaxfb' / s] ; L, lzj
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5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] oxL df3 # / $
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ug{ cfof]u agfPsf] 5 .
lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/ zflGt
a'9fsf] ;+of]hsTjdf u7g ul/Psf]
cfof]udf ;b:ox? lblnk e08f/L,
anjL/ a'9f, d:taxfb'/ v8\sf /
uDd/ l8;L /x]sf 5g\ . cfof]un]
clgolGqt ?kdf sfl6Psf sf7sf]
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ug] { atfPsf] 5 . To;} u /L
k~rs'n]df klg x'g] u/]sf] cj}w
sf7 t:s/ lgoGq0f ug{ l8NnL
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u/]sf] 5 .
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kbflwsf/Lx?df pkfWoIf ;lrj
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k'g / ;b:ox?df gf/fo0f e§, lbg]z
ljs, dfof l8;L / bf]0f{ cf]nL /xg'ePsf]
5 . e] n fn] cf] d eQm 8fF u Lsf]
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s];L, lnnfaxfb'/ s];L, xs{axfb'/ s];L,
dfwj nf]xgL / OZj/ l8;L /xg'ePsf]
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ug{ ut cfly{s jif{ gu/kflnsfaf6
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bz nfv /sdsf] vr{ ljj/0f af6f]
lgdf{0f ;ldltsf ;+of]hs /fdhL rf}w/Ln]
k]z ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;f] vr{ ljj/0f
e]nfdf ;j{;Ddltn] kf; u/]sf] lyof] .
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sfo{ q mdsf] cfof] h gf u/L
k| u ltgu/ ahf/nfO{ v' N nf
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blnt dlxnf s]Gb|sf] cWoIfdf u'Ktf
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lgjf{lrt ePsf] 5 . ;ldltsf
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lyof] .
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;fdfgx? x'G5g\Ú :yfgLo g'df
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k6s cf] n { b f x} / fg} x' G 5 .Ú
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x' g ] u/] s f] :yfgLoaf;Ln]
hfgsf/L lbP .
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x'g] cj:yf cfPkl5 ut d+l;/df
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NofP/ af6f] dd{t ul/Psf] lyof] .
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;/Ltf g]kfnL, clgtf g]kfnL, od'gf
kl/of/, 5lj s];L / dfofl;+x g]kfnL
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cfPkl5 :yfgLoaf;L;Fu 5nkmn
u/]/ af6f] dd{t u¥of}+Ú– dfcf]jfbL
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kfFr nfv ?k}of ltg{} afFsL 5 .Ú
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5 eg] lxpFbofddf klg uf8Lx?
lgoldt rNb}gg\ . hL0f{ ;8ssf
sf/0f lgoldt uf8L grNbf
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atfP . ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x?
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:yfgLoaf;Ln] /fHon] b'ud{ If]qnfO{
klg x]g{ dfu u/]sf 5g\ .
t'u+ bWjh rf}w/Lnufotn] lgjf{lrt
sfo{;ldltsf] sfo{sfn ;kmntfsf]
z'esfdgf lbPsf lyP .
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9'Ss /xf}+ .
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lk|m Û lk|m Û lk|m Û
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ug{ ;lsg] UTL df]afO{nsf] Pp6f l;d lsGbf csf]{ l;d l;Q}df
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E-mail : naulojanaubhar@gmail.com
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eGg' ePkl5 Tof] Ps lbgkl5sf] tyf afFw lg/LIf0f e|d0fsf nflu lyof] . rf}/sf] csf]{ s'gfdf
sfo{qmd d]/f] nflu P]ltxfl;s
cj;/ aGg k'Uof] .
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tktk kl;gfsf] yf]kf
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6f] n L sn+ s Laf6 a; r9] / P;P;aLsf ;z:q hTyf t}gfy sfo{stf{, k|x/L, kqsf/ u/L ;o pgsf] si68Lk"0f{ psfnL ofqf
a'6jntkm{ x'Olsof}+ . Tof] /ft lyP . b; uhf j/} pleP/ dw'/f] eGbf a9Ln] Pp6} d]zdf a;]/ ;fFem laxfg 5fs 6fg{
eft vfof}+ . s]xLa]/d} sfo{qmd jif}{el/sf] >d
t/, pgL slxNo} ePgg\ v';L
z'? eof] . d~rdf jQmfx?n] b'Mvsf] ef/L af]s]/ hLGbuL u'hfl//x] klg
P;P;aLsf] /j}ofsf] eT;{gf a? Pp6f lIflthdf d':s'/fO/x]5
ul//xFbf d]/f cfFvf eg] j/Lkl/ pgn] la;]{sf] v';L
;' / Iffdf vl6Psf xfd| f
cfuf]sf] syf k9] pgn]
k|x/Lx?dfly ljz]if kl//xGYof] . d[To'sf b:tfj]hx?df
clg Psl5g cl3sf] P;P;aL :jfyL{ dg j]STofP/
hjfgx?;Fu t'ngf ug{ k'Uy]+ . lg:jfyL{ dgsf] l;9L r9]
oxLg]/ cfOG;6fOgsf] NofKr] u/] b]z / b'lgofFsf] nflu
;fk]Iftfjfbsf] lgod ljz]if :d/0f Hjfnfd'vLsf] ofqfdf
e}/xGYof] . h:tf] ls ljut b; sk6x? lj?4 klg le8]
jif{] hgo'4 sfndf xf];\ of 5n5fdlj?4sf] df]rf{df
zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngx?df, hlxn] pgL cfF;';Fu v]n]÷xfF;f];Fu /dfP
klg hgtfsf] cfGbf]nglj?4 cflv/ pgn] km]l/ klg u'dfP v';L
lvTsf 5f]8]/ xfF;]sf] 5
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cleofgsf] qmddf ut kf}if @* ut] ;Ldf cjnf]sgsf nflu / ltgsf HofbtLn] hGdhft
;':tfsf] g]kfn–ef/t ;LdfIf]qdf k'u]sf] dfcf]jfbL 6f]nL . ju{ zq' h:tf] nfUg], Tof] 8«]; pgL :kftsf dfG5] slxNo} xfb}{gg\
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6f]nLsf] dfcf]jfbL dxf;lrj afbnn] g]tT[ j ug{e
' Psf] lyof] . pgL g'lgnf 9Lsf lkP/ klg afFR5g\
PsfPs bof knfO/x]sf] lyof] .
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wf]sflj?4sf] n8fO{df
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dxf;lrj s= afbn;lxtsf] kf6L{ kqsf/x? oyf:yfgdf pleP/ s'/f ;fk]lIft x'G5 eGg] s'/f of] if8\oGqsf kvf{n eTsfpg
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tof/Lkl5 laxfg gf} ah] xfdL kmf]6f] lvRg s]Gb|Lt ePsf lyP . ;of}+ :yfgLo hg;d'bfosf] Pp6f lIflthdf lvTsf 5f]8]/
a' 6 jnsf] klZrd blIf0f d klg Sofd]/f 3'dfpFb} kmf]6f] pkl:yltdf sfo{ q mdnfO{ b'Mvsf] dxf;fu/df /Drfpg]
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pj{/e"ldx? kf/ ub}{ lbgsf] P3f/ 7f]lSsg cfof] . cfjfhlt/ gh/ 8fOgfdfO6 ePsf]n] w]/} k|];/ jf:tljs v';Lsf] k|fKtLdf
ah]lt/ xfd|f] 6f]nL /l;ofjfn bf}l8g;fy b'O{ hgf P;P;aLsf lbP k8\lslbg] r]tfjgL;lxt pgL hLjgd/0fsf] o'4df 5g\
of] b'lgofFdf /ldt] Pp6f v';L
k'Uof] . hxfF g]kfn–ef/taLrsf] #@ hjfg P;Pncf/ af]s]/ kqsf/ g]kfnL :jfwLgtf / d[t cj:yfdf ljnLg x'g]5
gDa/ kLn/ ufl8Psf] lyof] . 6f]nLlt/ bf}8\b} cfO/x]sf lyP . cfTd;Ddfgsf] x]Ssf /fVg Pp6f gofF laxfgLsf ;fy
klxnf] k 6s b' O { b] z aLrsf] ltgLx?n] kqsf/x?nfO{ ToxfFaf6 ef/tLo kIfnfO{ cfu|x ug{e' of] . d':s'/fpbf] cfef agL
;Ldfgfdf pleg k'Ubf gf}nf] cg'el" t uOxfn eGb} s/fpFb} klg lyP . pxfFn] /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] nflu Pp6f a]Un} pT;fxdf
e}/x]sf] lyof] . To;df klg cfkm\gf] kqsf/x? cfZro{ dfGb} cf–cfkm\g} lg/Gt/ nl8/xg hg;d'bfonfO{ hlGdg]5 csf]{ gofF v';L . )^^ k'; #) P]/fjtL, Ko"7fg
e"ld ldlrPsf] kL8f af]s]/ kf6L{ :yfgdf v8f /xL ultljlw hf/L cfXjfg ub}{ cfk\mgf] kf6L{ b]z
g]tT[ j / kqsf/x?sf] 6f]nL;lxt
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efjgf 5rlNs/x]sf] lyof] . df6f]sf] af]nfP . ;fob cufl8 a9] 76fpFnf sfo{qmd ;ls;Sbf d leq emGsf/ a'9fdu/
dfof slt ;+j]bgzLn x'G5 eGg] eGg] ;f]rs] f lyP xf]nfg\ . pgLx? Pp6f c7f]6 ;NanfO/x]sf] lyof] lbglbg} b]z b'lv/x]5 u5{g\ hgtfsf] s'/f
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kmf]6f] lnof}+ / afFwlt/ nfUof}+ . cln k5fl8 ;'/Iffsf nflu /fVof}+ sd{If]q sf7df8f}sf] slxn] ef]sfgfËfsf] xfg]{x? dfly uP
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glbg / cfkm"n] rfx]sf] 7fpFdf s:tf] lj8Dagf Û Psflt/sf kanchho.tamang@gmail.com ;fdgf kl/jf/
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k|sfz rf}w/L÷bfª
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ut df3 $ ut] ;Nofg vn+ufsf] n'xflkª
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k|z;+ f ug'e{ of] .
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;a}eGbf pGgt j}rfl/s xltof/
åGåjfb hf]l8G5, Toltv]/ dfq
ug{ ;S5 . ;fy} kf6L{sf] x/]s txsf]
sfo{stf{ Pp6f c;n ;+u7gstf{,
;s[o cfGbf]ngsdL{, k|efjsf/L
k|rf/s, s'zn k|lzIfs ;Fu;Fu}
x'g h?/L 5 .
5, xfd|f] cfbz{ / l;4fGt ;xL
5 jf 5}g eGg] s'/f cfd hgtfn]
yfxf kfpg] eg]sf] x/]s sfo{stf{x?sf]
Jojxf/ b]v/] } xf] . Jojxf/eGbf aflx/
/x]sf] l;4fGtsf] s'g} d"No xFb' g} .
xfdLn] rfx] s f] ;dfhjfb,
;fDojfb;Dd xfdL gk'Ubf;Dd
To;sf] k|ltljDj b]lvg'kg]{ ynf] eg]sf]
klg xfd|f] cfGbf]ng / kf6L{ g} xf] .
ctM ;f+:s[lts ?kfGt/0fdf cu'jfsf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{;Sg] JolQm
dfcf]jfbL alg/xg ;Dej 5 ls
5}g < log} ljifoj:t'nfO{ cfwf/
agfP/ cfGbf]ng / kf6L{leq 3lge"t
ax; / cGt/;+3if{ ;~rfng ug{
cfjZos b]lvG5 .
%
d]u/fh v8\sf÷?s'd
cfw'lgs k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;Fu}
;jf/L ;fwgn] cfkm\gf] lj:tf/
a9fO/x]sf] a]nf ?s'dsf] u|fdL0f
e] u xf] ; \ of ;b/d' s fd g}
9'jfgLsf nflu 3f]8f vRr/d}
lge{/ /xg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 . kl5Nnf]
;dodf lhNnfsf s]xL uflj;df
;8s oftfoftsf] ljsf; ePklg
9'jfgL ug{ vRr/x?sf] a9L k|of]u
ul/Psf] xf] .
t/ ;8s oftfoftsf] ljsf;
gk'u]sf u|fdL0f If]qsf afl;Gbf
tyf Jofkf/Lx? b}lgs pkef]Uo
j:t' n ufot cGo dfn;fdfg
9'jfgLsf nflu dxËf] ef8f lt/]/
ePklg vRr/ k|of]u ug{ afWo
ePsf 5g\ . ef}uf]lns ljs6tfsf
sf/0f ;8s oftfoft ePklg Jofkf/Lx?n] cfu|x ug]{ ;d]t pgn] bfª–;Nofg–?s' d hf] 8 \ g ]
;b/d'sfddf cfjZos afn'jf atfP . $# j6f uflj; /x]sf] /fKtL nf] s dfu{ g} kSsL x' g
;fg{ tyf ufpF–ufpFdf ;d]t hfg ?s'ddf ;8sn] s]xL uflj;df g;s] s f] cj:yfdf lhNnfleq}
;Sg] ePsfn] oxfFsf] 9'jfgL ;]jf 5f]Pklg To;sf] cj:yf Hofb} /fd|f] ;8ssf] sNkgf ug'{ d'v{tf
vRr/df lge{/ /x]sf] xf] . vRr/sf] bogLo 5 . sRrL ;8s ePsfn] x'G5 . ToxL ;8s klg jiff{ofddf
Joj;fo ub} { cfPsf ?s' d klg ;w} + e l/ ;jf/L ;fwgaf6 lau|]/, klx/f]n] 5]s]/ aGb x'g]
uf]tfdsf]6sf Zofd a'9fn] b}lgs ;fdfg 9'jfgL ufx|f] kg]{ cj:yf ub{5 . uf8L gu'8]kl5 ;fdfg
vRr/af6 ;fdfg 9'jfgL ug'{kg]{ 5 . dfn;dfg cf];f/k;f/ ug{ 9'jfgLsf] dfWofd 3f]8f vRr/sf]
ePsf]n] slQ klg km';{b gx'g] lhNnfsf s]xL 7fpFdf uf8L, 6«s, ljsNk g} 5}g . nueu lhNnfsf
atfP . u|fdL0f e]udf nf]slk|otf 6\ofS6/n] sfd u/]klg clwsf+z ;a} uflj;sf ;j{ ; fwf/0f /
sdfpg ;kmn vRr/ Joj;fodf 7fpFdf 3f]8f vRr/ g} k|of]u x'g] Jofkf/Lx? 3f]8f vRr/nfO{ g}
nfu]sf pgn] dfn;fdfg 9'jfgL ?s' d k] p 3fsf g/la/ v8\ s f 9'jfgLsf] ;fwgsf ?kdf k|of]u
ug{ b} l gs :yfgLoaf;L / atfpF5g\ . ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g\ .
k'mnaf/L uflj;sf] sfof{no, bfª
cf=j= @)^%÷)^^ df k'mnaf/L uflj; bfªdf ;~rfng ul/Psf of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx?
;DalGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] Joxf]/f hfgsf/L u/fOG5 .
cf=j= @)^%÷)^^ df ;~rfng ePsf of]hgfx? M–
q m = of] h gfsf] gfd / :yfg÷sfo{ q md n=O{ /sd cg' b fg ?= >dbfg ef} l ts pkef] Q mf ;ldltsf
;+ = k| u lt cWoIfsf] gfd
s _ ;8stkm{
!= km"naf/L–# dem36'jf ;8s u|fe]n !,^@,*%%.– !,%),))).– !@,*%%.– !))% dbg l8;L
@= km"naf/L–$ /lgofk'/ ;8s u|fe]n !,&@,&@%.– !,%),))).– @@,&@%.– !))% nfnaxfb'/ g]kfnL
#= km"naf/L–* a/fv'6L ;8s u|fe]n !,(),&!^.– !,$),))).– %),&!^.– !))% k"0f{axfb'/ /f]sf
$= km"naf/L–( a/fv'6L ;8s u|fe]n !,(#,!#*.– !,$%,))).– $*,!#*.– !))% zDe' g]kfnL
v _ l;+ r fO{ t km{
!= k'mnaf/L–! bdf/ufpF / 8fF8fufpF df]6/ vl/b !,%@,!@*.– !,%),))).– @,!@*.– !))% v]d/fh clwsf/L
@= k'mnaf/L–@ l6s'nLufpF kfOk vl/b #^,*%).– #@,%)).– $,#%).– !))% /]zdaxfb'/ a:g]t
#= k'mnaf/L–@ dfemufpF kfOk vl/b @&,&@).– @%,))).– @,&@).– !))% k"0f{axfb'/ /]UdL
$= k'mnaf/L–@ cldn6f/L kfOk vl/b @&,))).– @%,))).– @,))).– !))% lsl;dnfn rf}w/L
%= k'mnaf/L–@ df]6/kfOk vl/b #*,%**.– #%,))).– #,%**.– &%% cDd//fh rf}w/L
^= k'mnaf/L–@ bdfO{ 6f]n df]6/kfOk vl/b #^,(^).– #@,%)).– $,$^).– !))% uf]jw{g ljs
&= k'mnaf/L–& luwlgof df]6/ kfOk vl/b &!,%)).– ^@,%)).– (,))).– !))% lty{/fh rf}w/L
*= k'mnaf/L–& luwlgof df]6/ kfOk vl/b &!,%)).– ^@,%)).– (,))).– &)% a'l4/fd rf}w/L
u _ ljBfno ef} l ts ;' w f/
!= k|flj avl/of kvf{n lgdf{0f ^*,!%(.– %),))).– !*,!%(.– !))% ltns/fd /]UdL
@= k|flj a/fv'6L kmlg{r/ vl/b %),))).– $%,))).– %,))).– !))% sdn kf}8]n
#= dflj /lgofk'/ ef}lts ;'wf/ – ^),))).– – !))% vftfdf hDdf
$= afnljsf; s]Gb| k'mnaf/L–* ;fgv'6L !),))).– !),))).– – !))% afa'/fd rf}w/L
%= clDjs]Zj/L lgdflj k'mnaf/L–! vfg]kfgL %(,)#(.– %),))).– (,)#(.– !))% dfgaxfb'/ rf}w/L
3_ ;fd'bflos ej ejgg lgdf{0f÷kmlg{r/ vl/b
!= Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ejg lkl;l; !,#^,*@@.– !,)%,))).– #!,*@@.– !))% lji0f'axfb'/ v8\sf
@= cltl/Qm x'nfs kmlg{r/ vl/b – !),))).– – !))% z]/axfb'/ ljs ;Demf}tfcg'f;f/
ª _ vfg] k fgLtkm{
!= k'mnaf/L–& cfdvf]nL l/ª s'jf lgdf{0f @&,))).– @%,))).– @,))).– !))% pdf yfkf
@= k'mnaf/L–% 9sgf l/ªs'jf tyf df]6/ vl/b !,^*,@)&.– !,$%,))).– @#,@)).– *)% afa'/fd ljs
r_ k' n k' n ] ; f÷Xo' d kfOk
!= k'mnaf/L–^ avl/of %@,@$@.– %),))).– @,@$@.– ()% lji0f'axfb'/ vqL
5_ dfgjLo ;+ ; fwg÷sfo{ q md
!= jg dxf;+3 hgr]tgf tflnd – @),))).– – !))% k'mnaf/L dxf;+3 OsfO{
@= kf/flnun sfo{qmd – ^,))).– – !))% ljdnf zdf{ -cWoIf_
#= dlxnf :jf:Yo :jod\;]ljsf 8«]; vl/b – !*,%)).– – !))% l6sf clwsf/L -cWoIf_
cfj @)^%÷)^^ df ;~rfng x'g af“sL of]hgfx? M–
qm= of] h gfsf] gfd n=O{ /sd cg' b fg ?= >dbfg pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf
;+ = cWoIfsf] gfd
s _ km"naf/L–^ avl/of dfgaxfb'/ kl/of/sf]
3/g]/, lji0f' s];Lsf] 3/glhs, t]haxfb'/ -% j6f l/ª
g]kfnLsf] 3/glhs k"j{6f]ndf u/L % j6f s'jf_
l/ªs'jf lgdf{0f (%,))).– – lji0f' vqL
v _ dfgjLo ;+ ; fwfg –
!= dlxnf ;zlQms/0f – #),))).– –
@= hghflt dlxnf ;zlQms/0f – #),))).– ––
#= aLpmkFh
" L ;fdflhs kl/rfns – @),))).– – xfn ;DkGg eO;s]sf]
$= cfocfh{g sfo{qmd / dlxnf – @),))).– – xfn ;DkGg eO;s]sf]
%= åGåkLl8t cfocfh{g – @),))).– – –
– xfn z'? eO;s]sf]
^= blnt cfocfh{g tyf ;Lkd'ns sfo{qmd !,)),))).– –
&= ckfË sfo{qmd @),))).– –
*= afnaflnsf ;zlQms/0f – @),))).– – xfn ;DkGg eO;s]sf]
u _ :jf:Yotkm{
!= Onfsf km'naf/L :jf:Yorf}sL %),))).– – xfn z'? eO/x]sf]
rGb|axfb'/ 8f“uL -;lrj_
k'mnaf/L uflj; dem36'jf, bfª
 jif{ !@, c+s !), @)^^ df3 !) ut] cfOtaf/
;dfhdf dlxnfsf] cl:tTj
dlxnfx?nfO{ b] j L cjtf/
dfg]/ k'Hg] ;dfh klg olx xf] .
eg] c;fo lkl8t / ljw' j f
dlxnfnfO{ af]S;Lsf] cf/f]k nufP/
dfgl;s / zfl//Ls oftgfx? lbg]
/ lb;f v'jfpg] h:tf cdfgjLo
3[l0ft sfo{ ug]{ ;dfh klg olx
xf] . Pp6L dlxnf ha ljwjf x'G5]
ta p;nfO{ rl/qlxg / af]S;Lsf]
cf/f]k nufOG5 . klt ljof]udf
56\kl6PsL Pp6L dlxnf cfkm}df
kL8fdf hln/x]sL x'G5] . p;nfO{
;fGTjgf lbg'sf] ;f6f] pN6} ljleGg
ls;Ldsf nfN5gf nufOg]
ul/G5 . k|s[ltn] lbPsf] b'O{hft
dlxnf / k'?if xf] . k'?if klg
dfgj xf] eg] dlxnf klg ToxL
dfgj xf] . hlt k'?ifsf OR5f,
cfsf+Iff / rfxgfx? x'G5g\ Tolt
dlxnfsf klg x' G 5g\ . t/
dlxnfx? eg] dgsf ;f/f v';L
/ rfxgf dgleq bafP/ of] zf]if0f
oQm ;dfhdf afFlr/x]sf 5g\ .
Tof] zf]if0f / bdgdf 3/sf] r'nf]
rf]sf}df sfd ug]{b]lv clkm;df
sfd ug]{ dlxnfx? ;a} kb{5g\ .
lxhf] klg ;dfhn] dlxnfnfO{
k'?ifsf] dgf]/Ghgsf] ;fwg jf
of}g t[i0ff d]6\g] ;fwg 7fGYof] /
cfhklg ToxL 7flg/x]sf] 5 . of]
zf] i f0fjfbL ;dfhdf hlt
kl/jt{gsf gf/fx? 3lGsPklg
dlxnfk| l t s' g } ;sf/fTds
kl/jt{g cfPSf] 5}g\ . cfhklg
dlxnfnfO{ 3/kl/jf/ ;dfhsf]
bf; 7flgG5 . Pp6f kl/jf/df ha
5f]/f /5f]/Lsf] hGd x'G5 ToxL
lbg b]lvg} 5f]/f / 5f]/Ldflysf]
e]be\ fjsf] vf8nsf] z'?jft x'G5 .
ToxL vf8n kl5 lrl/bf lrl/bf
k'g} g;lsg] u/]/ lr/f kb{5 .
5f]/LnfO{ 3/kl/jf/ / ;dfhn] x]g]{
b[li6sf]0f slt g/fd|f] 5 eg] 5f]/fn]
h] u/] klg 5'6 x'G5 . t/, 5f]/LnfO{
bfªdf afbL hfltsf] cj:yf
hgs g]kfnL
lj/tfsf] ufyf ufpg]
o'4z}nLsf] lglDt ;Nnfx ;'emfj
lbg] ljleGg 36gfsf] phfu/ ub}{
gofF o'usf] hu]gf{ ug'{g} afbL
;d'bfosf] hLjgz}nL / ;+:s[lt
xf] . dfgjLo hLjgdf ;+:s[ltsf]
ulx/f] 5fk /xG5 .To;sf/0f
g]kfnL snf / ;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{
ug{ sltko jfbL ;d'bfox? uLt
ufP/, gfr]/ 3/3/df k'uL dfu]/
vfg afWo ePsf 5g\ . o;/L Ps
;dodf snfsfl/tfsf] If] q
c+ufn]sfx?nfO{ ul/jaLsf] sf/0f
x'g;Dd kL8f / 7"nfj8fsf] c5't
;+1f lbb} lkm/Gt] hLjg latfpFb}
c:tJo:t ePsf 5g\ . afbL
;d'bfosf] 7"nf] lx:;f cfly{s
ljifdtf / ;fdflhs lt/:sf/
;x] / e" l dxLg hLjg latfpg
afWo 5g\ . afbL hfltsf] ;fdflhs
:t/ kxf8L lxGb' hflt ;d"xdf
;a}eGbf tNnf] cj:yfdf /x]sf]
5 . uGwj{ hfltsf] t' n gfdf
afbLx?sf] hg;+Vof a9L /x]sf]
cfuf] a]r/
] hLjg u'hf/f
l;Q}df kfOg] cfuf] klg af/f
lhNnfdf lsGg' k 5{ < ;' G bf
crDd nfU5 . emg\ crDd nfUbf]
s'/f s] eg] oxfFsf 8f]d ;d'bfo
cfuf] a]r]/} u'hf/f rnfO/x]sf
5g\ .
htftt} l;Q}df kfOg] cfuf]
oxfFsf rf}w/L, yf?nufot dw]zL
;d'bfodf lrtf hnfpg] 8f]d
kl/jf/af6 lsGg} kg]{ x'G5 .
To;dfly dxFuf]df lsga]r x'g]
ePsfn] lgDg juL{o kl/jf/sf]
bfDnf]n] afFlwG5 . dlxnfn] k'?ifsf]
OR5f ljkl/t :jtM :k"m{t ?kn]
s]xL sfd ug{ vf]h] slt s7f]/
;hfo lbG5 ;dfhn] . cflv/
slxn];Dd o:tf] kL8fdf dlxnfn]
lhGbuL lhpg' kg]{ xf] < hªndf
a:g] r/fx? klg lgl:kmqmL /
:jtGq eP/ v' n f cfsfzdf
/dfP/ pl8/x] s f x' G 5g\ eg]
dlxnf t Ps ljj]s / r]tgl;n
dfgj xf] . p;n] r/f;Ddsf] klg
:jtGqtf / v';Lsf] hLGbuL lhpg
cd[tf a'9fyf]sL
cfhsf] @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf klg dlxnfnfO{ v'§fdf nufpg]
h'Qf;Fu bfFlhG5 eg] k'?ifnfO{ lz/df nufpg] 6f]kL;Fu
t'ngf ul/G5 . of] s:tf] e]b\efj dlxnf / k'?ifdf <
cfhsf] cfw'lgs ;+;f/df !*cf}+ ztfAbLsf] h:tf] Jojxf/ ug]{
xf] eg] v} t kl/jt{g x'g ;s]sf] < dlxnfnfO{ v'§fsf]
h'Qf ug]/ cGofo / cTofrf/ ug]{ k'?ifnfO{ d eGg rfxG5'
k'?ifsf] h:tf] OR5f / rfxgf dlxnfsf] klg x'G5,
To;sf/0f pgLx?sf] rfxgfnfO{ a'em]/ dlxnf clwsf/nfO{
k"0f{tf lbg Psk6s aflx/L ;+;f/ lgofn]/ x]g;
cFWof/f] o'udf x'gx' G' 5 . pHofnf] / cfw'lgs o'udf
cfpg'xf]; / dlxnfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug{ l;Sg'xf];\ .
gkfpg' of] s:tf] cGofo xf] <
dlxnfnfO{ kl/jf/ / ;dfhn]
aGws agfPsf] 5 . of] ;dfhleq
klg s]xL lzlIft / ljj]sl;n
k'?ifx? gePsf eg] kSs} xf]Ogg\ .
tL k9] n]v]sfx?n]g} dlxnfdfly
zf]if0f / olx ;dfhsf] k'/fgf]
;+:sf/ u|x0fu/L /fv]sf 5g\ .
dlxnfx?sf] xs / clwsf/sf]
;Ddfg ug]{ k'?ifx? klg oxfF
gePsf xf]Ogg t/ To:tf k'?ifx?
Psbd} sd 5g\ . dlxnfnfO{ bf;
agfP/ zf]if0f u/L /fhug{ kNs]sf
zf]ifsx?n] slxn] a'emnfg v}
dlxnf clwsf/sf] s'/f < /fHosf]
5 . ;g\ !((! sf] hgu0fgf
cg' ; f/ afbLx?sf] hg;+ V of
&,)*@/x] s f] Pp6f tYofÍdf
pNn] v ul/Psf] 5 . pgLx?
dWoklZrd / ;' b " / klZrdsf
kxf8L / t/fO{sf lhNnfx? ljz]if
u/L bfª, ;Nofg, /f]Nkf, ?s'd,
b}n]v, hfh/sf]6, afFs], alb{of /
s}nfnLdf 5l/P/ /x]sf 5g\ .
dfbn, afF;'/L, ;'Nkf agfpg]
afbL k'?ifx?sf] d'Vo / k/Dk/fut
k]zf xf] eg] dlxnfx?n] ltgsf
dflns / gofF u| f xssf]
dgf]/~hgsf nflu gfrufg ug{d ' f
dfq} ;Lldt ul/Psf] lyof] .
lxhf]cfh s]xL afbL dlxnfx?
kl/jf/sf] u'hf/fsf nflu ahf/
cf;kf;df ljleGg cfo
cfh{gd"ns Joj;fo ;~rfng
ul//x]sf] kfOG5 . of] afbL hfltsf]
;fIf/tf b/ dw] z sf] ] eGbf
t'ngfTds ?kdf a9L b]lvG5 .
#$=% k|ltzt 5 .
jfWofTds kl/l:yltdf
vf]nfsf] lsgf/df cJo:t hLjg
latfpg afWo afbL ;d'bfosf]
ljz]if sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{]
qmddf xfd|f] b]z g]kfn ax'hflt,
ax' e flifs, ax' w fld{ s /
ax';fF:s[lts ePsfn] ;dfhnfO{
;b\ e fa ;xsfo{ ;lxi0f' t f,
kf/:kl/s ;dGjoaf6 cu|ultdf
dfu{ klxNofpg' gofF o'usf] dfu
cgf}7f] ;+;f/
/fd|} u'hf/f rNg] u/]sf] 5 .
…xfn} d}n] xhf/ ?k}ofdf cfuf]
a]r+]Ú r}gk'/sf u'N6]gL dflNnsn]
eg]– …;DkGg JooQmn] cem a9L
klg lbG5g\ .Ú pgn] Ps d'¶L
cfuf] 8]9 xhf/;Dd a]rs ] f] atfP .
clGtd ;+:sf/sf nflu cfuf]
lsGg}kg]{ wfld{s dfGotf /x]sf]
oxfF k':tf}b]lv of] rng rNb}
cfPsf] 5 . af/f / k;f{ s f
clwsf+z uflj;sf cflbaf;Ln]
cfuf] lsGg] u/]sf 5g\ .
x/]s txaf6} k5f8L kfl/Psf /
bljPsf dlxnfx? dlxnf
clwsf/sf] gf/fnfO{ dgg ug{
8/fO/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] ;f]rdf
dlxnf eg] s f] dlxnf g} x f] ,
To;sf/0f dlxnf dfly hlt /fh
u¥of], hlt zf]if0f u¥of] Tolt g}
cfkmgf] ljho ePsf] 7fG5g\ k9]
n]v]sf egfpFbfx? . k'?ifx?df
h;/L ePklg dlxnfnfO{
b}nf]s'rf]df g} l;ldt /fVg' kb{5
/ bf; agfP/ zf]if0f ug'{ kb{5
'{ \ tkfO{ cem}
eGg] gsf/fTds wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .
dlxnf 3/b]lv aflx/ lg:s]kl5
cfkmgf] xf/ ePsf] cfefif ug'{
sxfF;Ddsf] Gofof]lrt s'/f xf] <
3/kl/jf/sf x/] s dxTjk" 0 f{
lg0f{ox?df dlxnfnfO{ ;xefuL
u/fOb}g lsg <cflv/ dlxnfn]
klg ;To / c;To s'/fx? 5'6o\ fP/
7f] ; lg0f{ o lbg ;S5g\ lg .
3/kl/jf/sf] hlGh/leq afFlwPsL
Ps dlxnf kL8} kL8fn] leqleq}
hln/x]sL x'G5] t/ cfk\mgf] hLjgsf]
lg0f{o p;n] cfkm} ug{ kfpFlbg .
kl/jf/n] vf] h LlbPsf] Pp6f
c~hfg dfG5];Fu lhGbuL lHfpg
xf] . o' u cg' s ' n rNg ;Sg'
pko'Qm jftfj/0f tof/ kf/L ;do
;fk]If ?kdf ljZj eft[Tj kljq
dfgjLo ;Gb]z lbg' ;+:s[ltsf]
;xL ;Ddfg / dd{ 1fg xf] .
g]kfnL ;dfhdf b]lvPsf wfld{s,
;fdflhs c;dfgtf hftLo lje]b
/ hftLo 5'jf5't c;dfg hftLo
lje]b / hftLo 5'jf5't h:tf
cdfgjLo ;+ : sf/nfO{ x6fpg
;/sf/L cw{ ;/sf/L / lghL :t/n]
klg s]xL ;s[otfnfO{ ;dfnf]lrt
sbd dflgG5 .
ctM ;dfhdf b]lvPsf wfld{s,
;fdflhs Pjd\ ;fF:s[lts / ljs[lt
lj;+ult / c;dfgtfnfO{ x6fO Ps
lje]b /lxt ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{
nfUg'kg]{ cj:yf clxn]sf afbL
;d'bfo tyf cfd blnt ju{x?df
of] lhDd]jf/L /x]sf] 5 . ;dtf
d"ns ;dGjosf/L ;dfhsf] o;/L
dfq ;kmn ;dfhsf] lgdf{0f ug{
;lsG5 . g] k fndf blntx?sf]
cj:yf sdhf]/L eO ;fdflhs
s'/Llt af6 kLl8t klg afbL ;d'bfo
g} 5 . csf{tkm{ Ps t blnt To;df
klg dlxnf x'gfn] ;dfhdf t];f| ]
bhf{sf] hLjg latfpg afWo afbL
dlxnfsf] l:ylt cem a9L gfh's
/x]sf] atfpg' x'G5 3f]/fxL–!) sL
sdnf afbL . sltko dlxnfx?
hLjgsf c? gb]lvPkl5 klg To;
sfdddf ;+nUg ePsf] kfOG5 .
ufpFdf s;}sf] d[To' eP cfuf]
a]Rg 3f6df cfpg] va/
pgLx?nfO{ lbOG5 . …3f6d} uP/
uP/ d[tssf kl/jf/sf] ;fdYo{
x]/]/ d"No tf]S5f}+Ú xl/n] eg] .
…df]ndf]nfO{sf qmddf w]/} klg kfpg
;lsG5 . yf] / } d f klg lrQ
a'emfpg'kg]{ x'G5 .
;/b/ kfF r ;o ?k} o f
rngrNtL 5 . t/, lgSs} ljkGg
kl/jf/ eP bfnrfdndf klg lrQ
a'emfpFb} cfPsf] xl/n] atfP . klxn]
pm afWo x'G5] . dlxnfn] km";{bsf]
?kdf cfk\mgf] lg0f{o cfkm}ug{
kfOb}g lsg < dlxnf lx+;f lj?4
cfjfh p7fpg], 3/b]lv aflx/
/x] / ;+ 3 if{ ug] { dlxnfb] l v
u| f dL0f:t/df cfk\ m gf] rfxgf
cg' ; f/ lx8\ g ] dlxnfnfO{
rl/qxLgsf] bfu nufpF 5
;dfhn] . cfhsf] @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf
klg dlxnfnfO{ v'§fdf nufpg]
h'Qf;Fu bfFlhG5 eg] k'?ifnfO{
lz/df nufpg] 6f]kL;Fu t'ngf
ul/G5 . of] s:tf] e]b\efj dlxnf
/ k'?ifdf < cfhsf] cfw'lgs
;+;f/df !*cf}+ ztfAbLsf] h:tf]
Jojxf/ ug]{ xf] eg] v} t kl/jt{g
x'g ;s]sf] < dlxnfnfO{ v'§fsf]
h'Qf ug]/ cGofo / cTofrf/ ug]{
k'?ifnfO{ d eGg rfxG5' k'?ifsf]
h:tf] OR5f / rfxgf dlxnfsf]
klg x'G5, To;sf/0f pgLx?sf]
rfxgfnfO{ a' e m] / dlxnf
clwsf/nfO{ k"0f{tf lbg Psk6s
aflx/L ;+;f/ lgofn]/ x]g{';\ tkfO{
cem} cF W of/f] o' u df x' g ' x ' G 5 .
pHofnf] / cfw' l gs o' u df
cfpg'xf]; / dlxnfnfO{ ;Ddfg
ug{ l;Sg'xf];\ . ta dfq Pp6f
c;n dfgj ePsf] ;fy{stf kfpg'
x'g]5 . dlxnfnfO{ v'§fsf] h'Qf
7fg]/ zf]if0fug]{x? k'/fgf] ;+:sf/
dfGg] b]lv cfhsf cfw'lgs dfgj
egfpFbf s]xL lzlIft k'?ifx? klg
5g\ . v'§fsf] h'Qf / dlxnfsf]
cl:tTj s] Pp6} xf] t < s]
dlxnfsf] x}l;ot v'§fsf] h'Qf
a/fa/ 5 t < ca ;a} dlxnfx?
blaPsf cfjfhx? k|:k'm6g ug{
Psl9Ssf eP/ cl3 a9\g] a]nf
cfO;s]sf] 5 . dlxnf d'lQmsf]
lglDt / cu|ufdL kl/jt{gzLn
qmflGtsf nflu dlxnf d' l Qm
cfGbf] n gdf xf] l dg' ckl/xfo{
cfhsf] cfjZostf klg xf] .
r]tgfsf] sdL bl/b|tfsf] sf/0fn]
ljs6 7fpFdf a:g] z'?df ;fF:s[lts
gfrufg ub}{ cfPsf] atfpFl5g\
t'n;Lk'/ uf]6Lvf]nfdf a:g] zld{nf
afbL .o; hfltsf sltko
dlxnfx? hf]lvdk"0f{ k]zfdf nfUg
afWo ePsf 5g\ . afbL hflt
g] k fnsf] klZrd lhNnf bfª,
Ko"7fg, ?s'd, hfh/sf]6, ;'vt{] ,
afFs,] alb{of / s}nfnL, s~rgk'/df
;d]t a;f]af; u/]sf] atfpg' x'G5 .
cfly{s, ;fdflhs, z}lIfs cflb
If]qdf cToGt} kL5l8Psf] 5 . o;
hfltsf] k/Dk/fut d'Vo k]zf dfbn
agfpg], ahfpg], hfn a'Gg]df g}
5g\ . afbL hfltx?sf] d'nynf]
;Nofg /x]sf] s'/f atfpg' x'G5
;NofgL /fhfsf] b/af/df gfRg]
ufpg] ub{y] / alS;; cflbn] hLjg
wfGgsf nflu cGt/df /fhf
/hf}6fx?sf] pGd'ng;Fu} xfdLx?
klg b]zsf ljleGg 7fpFdf 5l/g
kUof} . gfrufg ubf{ ub}{ afbL
dlxnfx?af6 ljgf afa'sf 5f]/f5f]/L
hGdg yfn] k l5 pgLx?nfO{
;dfhn] 3[0ffsf] b[li6n] x]g{ yfNof] .
blnt ePs} sf/0f o; hfltsf
dlxnfn] lrof k;n yfk] /
cfTdlge{ t fsf] af6f] ckgfpg
;s]sf 5}gg\ . To; cj:yfaf6
5'6sf/f kfpg ;a} kIfaf6 /
ljz]iftM /fHoaf6 ljif]z kxn
yflng' k5{ .
cfuf] a] r ] / hUuf hdLg /
;'grfFbL kfOGYof]Ú, pgn] eg]
clxn] d"No 36\b} uPsf] 5 .
8f]daf6 lslgPsf] lslgPsf]
cfuf]n] lrtf hnfP, d[tssf]
cfTdfn] rL/ zflGt kfpg] ljZjf;
/x]sfn] of] rng a9]sf] yf?
sNof0fsf/L s] G b| L o ;b:o
x[bogf/fof0f rf}w/Ln] atfP .
…To;}n] hlt;'s} df]n tf]s]klg
ldnfP/ cfuf] lsGg] u/]sf 5f}+Ú
pgn] eg]
^
;dfrf/ ljljw
ufpF kl/ifb\sf] clwsf+z ah]6 ljBfnodf
/f]Nkf÷tfnfjfª ufpF ljsf; ;ldltsf] ut ;ftf ;DkGg ufpF kl/ifb\n] @*
nfv (# xhf/ ah]6 lalgof]hg u/]sf] 5 . ljlgof]lht ah]6dWo] clwsf+z ah]6
lzIff If]qdf nufOPsf] 5 . h;dWo] pRr dflj tfnfjfªsf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf]
nflu !^ nfv, lgdflj cf?jf, lgdflj vf/fjfª / k|flj e:dfvf]/sf] ef}lts
k"jf{wf/sf] nflu !÷! nfv, k|flj lt/s'n,] k|flj wgyfª, k|flj l/rfjfª / k|flj
a'9fufpFsf nflu %)÷%) xhf/ 5'6o\ fOPsf] 5 . To;}u/L dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf
pTyfgsf nflu @! xhf/, pk–:jf:Yo rf}sL tfnfjfªsf nflu $@ xhf/, uflj;sf]
j:t'ut ljj/0f / sDKo"6/ vl/bsf nflu ! nfv %) xhf/ / klZrd pRr kxf8L
ul/aL lgjf/0f cfof]hgf Doflrª kmG8sf nflu &% xhf/ ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] 5 .
uflj; ;lrj sfzL/fd vqLsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg kl/ifb\df Plss[t g]skf
dfcf]jfbLsf a]bk|;fb dNn, Pdfn]sf lvdaxfb'/ 3tL{, sf+u|];sf vs{axfb'/
8fFuLnufotsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
hg>dbfgdf df]6/af6f] lgdf{0f
lnjfª÷/f]Nkfsf] h'Fuf/ uflj; j8f g+ $ / % sf
1fg]Gb| zdf{, lnjfª÷
:yfgLoaf;LGbfn] hg>dbfg u/L df]6/af6f] lgdf{0f u/]sf 5g\ . s/La
Ps nfv a/fa/sf] >dbfgdf :yfgLoaf;Ln] h'Fuf/sf] g]kf{ ahf/b]lv
sf]O/fng]6f;Dd k'Ug] Ps lsld df]6/af6f] lgdf{0f u/]sf x'g\ . ;8s
lgdf{0f ePkl5 oftfoftsf ;fwgx? klg l5§} ;~rfng ul/g] atfOPsf]
5 . ufpFd} ;8s ePkl5 cfkm"n] pTkfbg u/]sf j:t'x? ahf/;Dd
;lhn} n}hfg ;Sg] ePsf]n] ;j{;fwf/0fdf v';L 5fPsf] 5 .
xdf/ kx'/F f klqsf ljdf]rg
3f]/fxL÷
fxL÷yf? ljBfyL{ ;dfhsf] jflif{s d'vkq -xdf/ kxF'/f_ sf]
laxLaf/ Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L ljdf]rg ul/Psf] 5 . ;dfhsf
cWoIf ;Gtf]if blxtsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly
xdf/ kxF'/fsf ;+/Ifs Pj+ j]; ;+:yfsf cWoIf l8NnLaxfb'/ rf}w/Ln]
pQm klqsfsf] ljdf]rg ug'e{ Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;dfhsf ;Nnfxsf/
;f]utlj/ rf}w/L, ;flxTosf/ nf]s/fh k/fh'nL, sdndl0f b]jsf]6f,
kqsf/ ljk'n kf]v|]n, ;ljg lk|of;g, k/z'/fd zdf{, zfGtf rf}w/L
nufotn] z'esfdgf lbg'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf klqsfsf] ;dLIff
/fKtL ;flxTo kl/ifb\sf cWoIf k'?iff]Qd vgfnn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
lj/]Gb| rf}w/Lsf] :jfut dGtJojf6 z'? ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng
ledsfGt rf}w/Ln] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
s[lif ljsf; a}s $# aif{df
3f]/fxL÷
fxL÷s[lif ljsf; a}+s lnld6]8 lalxaf/b]lv $# jif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5 .
;f] cj;/df a}+sn] laxLaf/ cfk\mg} sfof{nodf Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L
$#cf}+ jflif{sf]T;j dgfPsf] 5 . tkfO{sf] 3/ cfFugsf] a}+s, s[lif ljsf;
a}+s eGg] gf/fsf ;fy cfof]lht jflif{sf]T;j sfo{qmddf af]Nb} k|d'v cltly
s[lif ljsf; a}s lnld6]8 If]qLo sfof{no 3f]/fxLsf lgb]z{ s kf]if0f/fh nfld5fg]n]
…sÚ ju{sf] Ohfht k|fKt hgtfsf] 3/3/df k'u]sf] a}snfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg
l5§} cleofg ;~rfng ul/g] atfpg' eof] .
clxn]sf] cj:yfdf sd{rf/Lx?sf] Jojxf/df kl/jt{g / ;]jfdf k|efjsfl/tf
geP;Dd k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ufx|f] x'g] eGb} lgb]z{ s nfld5fg]n] k'/fgf] z}nL / lj1fkgdf
Wofg glbbf lgIf]k ;+sngdf sdL cfPsf] atfpg' eof] . jflif{sf]T;jsf] cj;/df
@% jif{;Dd c6'6 ;]jf u/]sf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ sb/kq, ;]jfkbs / !) xhf/
?k}ofF k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] . o;/L ;Ddflgt x'gx] ?df Clif/fh b]jsf]6f, e'kfn
yfkf, rGb|bj] lu/L / kf]if0f/fh nfld5fg] /xg'ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L @) jif{ ;]jfcjlw
k'us] f sd{rf/LnfO{ kfFrxhf/ gub;lxt ;Ddfg kq lbOPsf] lyof] . h;df
lrGtfk|;fb uf}td, zflns/fd h};L, gdk|;fb e';fn, jf;'bj] cfrfo{, ch'g{ l;+x
3tL{ If]qL, ;'lgns'df/ >]i7, /fdaxfb'/ a'9fyf]sL, g/axfb'/ a:g]t / s]z/ yfkf
/xg'ePsf] 5 . ;f] ;df/f]xdf k"j{ sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ klg ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng lvdaxfb/ clwsf/Ln] ug'e{ Psf] lyof] .
lzIfs b/aGbL ldnfg l5§} ul/g]
3f]/fxL÷
fxL÷lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L w|'j/fh s];Ln] cfufdL z}lIfs
;q z'? x'g'cufj} ljBfyL{ ;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf lzIfsx?sf] 3/kfos
kg]{ u/L b/aGbL ldnfg ul/g] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . ;/:jtL dfWolds
ljBfno sf7]sf]n 3f]/fxLsf] laxLaf/ ;DkGg @(cf}F jflif{s pT;j tyf
cljefjs lbj;sf cj;/df k|d'v cltlysf] cf;gaf6 af]Nb} s];Ln]
ljBfyL{ g} gePsf 7fpFdf lzIfs y'lk|Psf] cj:yf pTkGg x'g glbg]
atfpg'eof] . ljBfyL{ 36\b} hfg] lzIfs a9\b} hfg] cj:yfnfO{ hlt;'s}
cj/f]w cfPklg z}lIfs u'0f:t/ a9fpg clgjfo{ ldnfg ul/g] pxfFsf]
hf]8 lyof] . …hlt;'s} ckmjfx km}nfPklg ldnfg u/]/} b]vfOlbg]
k|of;df 5f}F .Ú pxfFn] eGg'eof] . ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf
eut e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf clwsf/L s];Ln]
;/:jtL dfljsf nflu * nfv @% xhf/ a/fa/sf] ljBfno ef}lts
;'wf/ of]hgfsf] ah]6 lbg];d]t 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . jflif{sf]T;jsf]
cj;/df ljBfnodf ;/:jtL k"hf ug'{sf ;fy} ljBfyL{n] ljljw
uLtg[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng lzIfs lji0f'dl0f
bfxfnn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
ljljw 1fg–lj1fg
!= lbge/df dflg;sf] nDafO{ kl/jt{g x'G5 . /fte/df cf/fd
u/]kl5 laxfg p7\bf xfd|f] nDafO{ ;aeGbf w]/} x'G5 . laxfg /
;fFemsf] nDafO{df #÷$ OGreGbf clnslt a9Lsf] km/s kb{5 .
lbge/df hlt a9L lxF8\of] ToxL cg'kftdf z/L/ v'lDrP/
laxfgeGbf ;fFemsf] nDafO{ sd x'g] ub{5 . xfd|f] d]?b08sf
cª\ux?df cfPsf] ;ª\s'rgsf sf/0f o;f] x'g] ub{5 .
@= cfsfzsf] slt :yfgx? o:tf 5g\ hxfF tf/fx? /x]sf 5}gg\ .
o:tf :yfgx?df tf/fd08n /x]sf] x'G5 . o:tf] sfnf] tf/fd08n
ldl;Psf] w'nf] / jfo'n] ag]sf] x'G5 .
#= /ftf] em08fn] ljb|f]x jf sflGtsf] ;+s]t ub{5 .
$= g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] c~rn s0ff{nL xf] eg] ;a}eGbf ;fgf]
c~rn dxfsfnL xf] .
%= u/La dfG5]sf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] ;DklQ p;sf] cfTdljZjf; g} xf] – :j]6 df8]g{
^= ;a}eGbf sfG5f] lhNnf eg]/ sflnsf]6nfO{ lrlgG5 .
&= dfgj z/L/sf] ;a}eGbf alnof] j:t' bfFtdf kfOg] Ogfd]n xf] .
*= kf]yL la/fnf]nfO{ /fgL elgG5 eg] kf]yL afFb/nfO{ ;'Gb/L elgG5 .
(= ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdf k|ToIf l;6df Pp6f klg l;6
glhTg] !^ j6f bnn] ;dfg'kfltsaf6 l;6 kfPsf 5g\ <
!)= :ofp / u'nfkm lah'nL lgsfNg ;lsg] kmnkm"n x'g\ <
!!= sfnf] d}bfgdf l;kfxL k/]6 v]N5g\– ds} e'6]sf] .
!@= ;k{ uO;s]kl5 uf]xL s'6L s] kmfObf– df}sf r's]kl5 r'/Lkm"/L
b]vfP/ sfd nfUb}g .
!#– gofF ;+s6af6 dfq gofF k|fKtLsf] kfb'e{ fj x'g;S5 –dfS;{,P+uN] ; .
 jif{ !@, c+s !), @)^^ df3 !) ut] cfOtaf/
;lxbsf] ;Demgfdf zflns lgdf{0f
3f] / fxL÷
fxL÷bfªdf klxnf] k 6s
hgo' 4 sf ;lxbsf] ;Demgfdf
zflns lgdf{ 0 f ul/Psf] 5 .
hgo'4sf] qmddf ;lxb ePsL 3f]/fxL
gu/kflnsf–* a8x/fsL /fdk'/f
3tL{ s f] ;Demgfdf zflns /
k|ltIffno lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf] .
PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL !) g+ Pl/ofsf]
!% xhf/ / ;lxbsf kl/jf/n] !
nfv *) xhf/ u/L @ nfv a/fa/sf]
nufgLdf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] pQm
zflns / k|ltIffnosf] Ps};fy ut
a'waf/ pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 . PsLs[t
dfcf]jfbL !) g+= Pl/of / ;lxb
kl/jf/sf] cfof]hgfdf cfof]lht Ps
sfo{qmdsfaLr dfcf]jfbL bfªsf
O{Grfh{ ljdnn] zflnsdf dfNof{k0f
u/L pb\3f6g ug'e{ Psf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltlysf]
cf;gaf6 af]Nb} OGrfh{ ljdnn]
k'/fgf] ;+:s[ltsf] cGTo u/L gofF
;+:s[ltsf] hu]gf{ ug{ / ;lxbx?sf]
;Ddfg Pj+ ;Demgfdf zflns
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn]
;lxbx?sf] ;kgf cem}+ k"/f gePsf]
k'/Gwf/fsf] ljsf;df kxn ul/g]
xfk'/]÷k'/Gwf/f uflj;sf] ef}lts
ljsf;sf nflu kxn tyf cg'udg
ug{ PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] ljefu
u7g u/]sf] 5 . pQm ljefun] uflj;sf]
;du| ljsf;sf nflu eGb} cfwf/e"t
ljsf;sf of]hgfx? klg ;fj{hlgs
u/]sf] 5 . ljefusf k|d'v s[i0faxfb'/
v8\sfsf] kxndf tL of]hgfx? cg'udg
tyf ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf x'g\ .
k'/Gwf/f uflj;nfO{ ef}lts ljsf;sf
lx;fjn] dfly p7fpg ljefun] af6f],
vfg]kfgL, l;rfO{ ljh'nL, k'n tyf lzIff,
:jf:Yonufot ljifodf ljz]if kxn ug]{
atfPsf] 5 . To;}u/L ljefun] ljBfnosf]
:t/ ;'wf/ tyf u'0f:t/Lo lzIff / lzIfs
kbk"lt{, ;'Vvf 7fpFdf l;rfO{sf] Joj:yf,
bIf :jf:YosdL{ s f] ;+ V ofdf j[ l 4,
;~rf/sf] nflu 6fj/sf] Ifdtf j[l4
ug{k' g]{ cfjZostf /x]sf] atfPsf] 5 .
;fy} :yfgLo :t/df ljB'tLs/0fsf]
;DefjgfnfO{ Vofn u/L To;tkm{
nfUg'kg],{ P]nfgLdf a;]sfnfO{ nfnk"hf{
ljt/0f ug{k' g],{ emf]nË' ] k'nsf] Joj:yf
x'gk' g]{ atfPsf] 5 . ;fy} k'/Gwf/f uflj;sf]
ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg ahf/nfO{ Jojl:yt
ug'k{ g]{ / pkef]Uo j:t'sf] d"No lgwf{/0f
x'gk' g]{ klg atfOPsf] 5 . To:t} ljefun]
k'/Gwf/fdf w]/} cl3b]lv eO/x]sf] cToflws
xflb{s awfO{
o; ljBfnosf k"j{ k|wfgfWofks tyf xfd|f lxt}ifL ldq
t'n;Lk'/–( bf]3/] bfª lgjf;L uf]s0f{ 8f“uL g]kfn
af/ Pzf]l;o;gsf] oxL k'; @% ut] ;DkGg
clwj]zgaf6 ;jf{lws dt k|fKt u/L pkfWoIf kbdf
ljhoL x'ge
' Psf]df xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ pxf“sf]
sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] sfdgf ub{5f}+ .
cWoIf Pjd\ cWoIf Pjd\
ljBfno Joj:yfkg lzIfs cljefjs ;+ 3
;ldlt kl/jf/ kl/jf/
k|wfgfWofks tyf
lgDg dfWolds ljBfno bf]3/] kl/jf/
t'n;Lk'/, bfª
cfsif{s 38]/L laqmLdf
3f]/fxL /tgk'/rf]sb]lv @)) ld6/ blIf0fdf kg]{ :t/Lo
dfkb08sf, aQL, kfgLsf] ;'ljwf ePsf] cfsif{s 38]/Lx? laqmLdf
;f=ls=g+ = $# 5g\ . rfF8} ;Dks{ ug]{ JolQmnfO{
f]
b lI f0 f
af6
ljz]if 5'6 lbOg] 5 .
k"j{
b]jG] b| s]=;L=–(*%&*@)$!(
v]d/fh jnL–(*$&*#))))
vu]Gb| a:g]t–(*%&*@!!(&
pQ/
atfpFb} afFrs] fx?n] pgLx?sf] ;kgf
;fsf/ kfg'{k5{ eGg'eof] . ;f]
cj;/df yf?jfg /fHo ;ldlt
;b:o tyf !) g+ Pl/of OGrfh{
ljKnjn] ;fdflhs ljs[ l t
lj;+ultsf] cGTo / lbuf] zflGt
:yfkgf ug{ ;lxbn] b]vfPsf] af6f]df
lg/Gt/ cufl8 a9\g] k|ltj4tf JoQm
ug'e{ of]] .
hgd'lQm ;]gfsL ;b:o /x]sL
;lxb 3tL{nfO{ )%( d+l;/ !# ut]
3/d} ;' l t/x] s f] a] n f ;] g fn]
lu/km\tf/kl5 a]kQf kf/]/ xTof
u/]sf] lyof] . hgo'4sf] qmddf
bfªdf zxfbt k|fKt u/]sf s/La
tLg ;osf] ;+ V ofdf /x] s f
;lxbx?sf] ;+emgfdf k|ltIffno /
ejgx? lgdf{0f ePklg zflns
lgdf{0f u/]sf] of] klxnf]k6s ePsf]
PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL !) g+= Pl/of
OGrfh{ ljKnjn] atfpg' eof] .
sfo{qmddf ;lxbsf >Ldfg\
tyf hgd' l Qm ;] g fsf ;b:o
lj/jxfb'/ a'9f, hgd'lQm ;]gfsf
a6flnog sdf08/ bLk, clvn
jg km8fgLnfO{ /f]Sg klg ljz]if kxn
ug]{ / xfk'/d] f lgdf{0f x'g uO/x]sf] l;d]G6
sf/vfgfnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ klg kxn
ug{] atfPsf] 5 .
xfk' / ] d f ;lxbåf/ agfOg]
o;} a Lr hgo' 4 , P] l txfl;s
hgcfGbf]ng tyf ;f] eGbf cl3sf
;Dk"0f{ dxfg ;lxbx?sf] ;Demgfdf
PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL bfª @) g+=
Pl/ofn] k'/Gwf/fsf] xfk'/]df ;lxbåf/
lgdf{0f ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf] oxL df3 # / $ ut]
k'/Gwf/fsf] au/k'/df a;]sf] a}7sn] o:tf]
lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . xfk'/] ahf/ k|j]zsf]
k"j{k§L agfOg] ;f] åf/sf] nfut %)
xhf/ nfUg] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .
To;sf] nflu d:taxfb'/ v8\sf ;+of]hs
/x]sf] % ;b:oLo ;ldlt klg lgdf{0f
ul/Psf] 5 . h;df ;lxb kl/jf/ uf]kL
cf]nL tyf ;b:ox? 5jL ljs, 8Dd/
cfn] / l6sf/fd vqL /xg'ePsf] 5 .
;f] ;ldltn] ;lxbåf/ lgdf{0ffy{ nfUg]
/sd ;xof]u ug{ ;a} ;+3;+:yfx?nfO{
cfu|x ug]{ lgdf{0f ;ldlt ;+of]hs d:t
v8\sfn] hgfpg'ePsf] 5 . @)^! ;fndf
;f]xL 7fpFdf agfOPsf] ;lxb :d[lt
k|ltIffno tTsflng zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn]
eTsfPsf] lyof] .
;Dks{ M
k lZ r d
pQ/
kmf]6f] M k|sfz rf}w/L
3f]/fxL gu/kflnsf–* df ev{/} lgdf{0f ul/Psf]
;lxb /fdk'/f 3tL{ ‘sljtf’sf] zflns
qmflGtsf/L bfªsf cWoIf a;Gt o;}aLr 3f]/fxL gu/kflnsfsf]
rf}w/L, du/ d'lQmdf]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo a8x/fl:yt gofFj:tL 6f]nnfO{ ;lxb
;b:o bofhL /f]sf, :yfgLo ldgf /fdk'/f 6f]n 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 .
lu/Lnufotn] >4f~hnL JoQm sfo{qmddf k|dv ' cltlyn] /fdk'/f
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;lxbsf a'jf 6f]n 3f]if0ff ug]{ k|:tfj /fv]kl5
s]zaxfb'/ 3tL{sf] cWoIftfdf ;of} + s f] ;+ V ofdf ;xefuL
;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng ;x– :yfgLoaf;Ln] tfnL ahfP/
;]qm]6/L ;fsf/ yf?n] ug'e{ Psf] lyof] . k|:tfjsf] ;dy{g u/]sf lyP .
k;naf6 ;x'lnot kfP ls;fgx?
Clifk| j n e§/fO
e§/fO{ ÷ xnjf/ k' ¥ ofpb} cfPsf] 5 . b} l gs
clxn] bfªdf w]/} ;xsf/L pkef] U o ;fdu| L bfn, rfdn,
;+:yfx? :yfkgf ePsf 5g\ . lrgL nufotsf a:t'x? cGo
bfªsf ;xsf/L ;:yfn] ;a} 7fpFdf
;:tf] k;n vf] l nlbPsf] 5 .
k;ndf eGbf $ ?k}ofF ;:tf]
d' N odf kfOg] :yflgojf;L
cfk" m nfO{ cfjZoskg] { ;fdfg b'uf{nfn lwtfnn] atfpg' eof] .
cfk\mg} 7fpFdf Tof] klg cToGt …d"No;'rL leQfdf 5 7"nf cIf/df
sd d"Nodf kfPkl5 ;j{;fwf/0fsf] cfkm" n ] lng] ;fdfg ;lhn}
d'xf/df v';Lsf] nx/ 5fPsf] 5 . 5' 6 \ o fpg ;lsG5Ú pxfF n ]
;xsf/L k;nx?n] b} l gs eGg'eof] . *)hgf ;b:ox?sf]
pkef]Uo a:t'x? pkef]Qmf ;dIf z]o/ /x]sf] ptm ;xsf/L k;ndf
;lhn} k' ¥ ofpg k| l t:kwf{ d f pkef]Qmfx?sf] ;'ljwfsf nflu ;a}
plqPsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] aflx/} ls;Ldsf ;fdfgx? /flvPsf]
af]8d{ f ;a}n] b]Vg] u/L ;fdfgx?sf] ;~rfng ;ldltsf cWoIf u0f]z
d"No / k;n v'Ng] / aGb x'g] lul/n] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .
;do n] v LlbP/ c? ptf $% ;b:osf] z]o/ /x]sf]
k;njfnfx?nfO{ r'gf}lt lbPsf
5g\ . ;xsf/Ldf s]xL ePklg ;:tf]
k|sl[ t ax'pb]ZoLo s[lif ;xsf/L
;+:yf ljhf}/Ln] ahf/sf] efpeGbf
d"Nodf ;fdfgx? kfOg] ePsf]n] % ?k} o fF sddf ;] j fu| f xLnfO{
o; k|lt ;j{;fwf/0fx?sf] cfsif{0f ;fdfg ljqmL ul//x]sf] jtfPsf]
/ rf;f] a9b} uPsf] kfO{G5 . 5 . PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL g]tT[ jsf]
ut ;fpgdf xnjf/df v'ns ] f] ;/sf/n] ufpF ufpFdf …;xsf/L
kmQ :d[lt ;xsf/L ;+:yf clxn] 3/3/df esf/LÚ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy
u|fxsx?sf] cfs{if0fsf] s]Gb| ag]sf] k|To]s ;xsf/L nfO{ !÷! nfv
5 . o; ;+:yfn] ;a} nfO{ kfoskg]{ cg'bfg lbPkl5 ;xsf/L vf]Ng]x?sf]
7fpFdf ;:tf] k;n vf]nL ;]jf ;+Vofdf a[l4 ePsf] xf] .
xflb{s awfO{
t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsfsf sfg'gL ;Nnfxsf/
tyf d]/f ldq uf]s0f{ 8f“uL g]kfn af/
Pzf]l;o;gsf] oxL k'; @% ut] ;DkGg
clwj]zgaf6 ;jf{lws dt k|fKt u/L
pkfWoIf kbdf ljhoL x'ge ' Psf]df xflb{s
awfO{ 1fkg ub}{ pxf“sf] sfo{sfn k"0f{
;kmntfsf] sfdgf ub{5' .
e/ts'df/ zdf{
sfo{ s f/L clws[ t
t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf kl/jf/
t'n;Lk'/, bfª
Rofp vfg'xf];\ :j:y /xg'xf];\ .
:j:y, tfhf / cf}ifwL u'0fo'Qm Rofpm
sGo hftsf] :jflbi6 Rofpm
tkfO{sf] 3f]/fxL ahf/df pknAw 5 .
;Dks{ M
k'/g zdf{ ;lxb :d[lt ;xsf/L k;n
3f]/fxL–% gjnk'/, bfª 6«flkmsrf]s 3f]/fxL, bfª
df]= M (*%&*@)&**, df]= M (*$&*$^^^@,
(*$&*%(%)^ (*%&*#)#^!
cfsif{s 38]/Lx? laqmLdf
zfGt Pj+ /d0fLo 7fp“ t'n;Lk'/ 8'dL| ufp“l:yt lzv/ sf]nf]gLdf /x]sf :t/Lo
dfkb08sf ;'ljwf;DkGg ljsl;t 38]/Lx? laqmLdf
5g\ . t'?Gt ;Dks{ ug]{nfO{ ljz]if 5'6
^ ld6/ af6f] gf]6 M
gu/
kflnsfaf6
gS;fkf;
x'g] u/L
tof/
ul/Psf]
pQ/ af6f]
;Dks{ M
nlnth u zfx – @ @ ^
df]tL v8\sf – @
k|d
] v8\sf – ^
E x]daxfb / xdfn – @ ^
W kmf]g M )*@–%^)*%$, %^)(!^, %^!%()
&
;dfrf/ ljljw
:yfgLo lgsfosf] d'nu]6d} tfnf
bfª÷
bfª÷:yfgLo lgsfox?df ;/sf/n] k6s–k6s u/]sf ;xdlt sfof{Gjog
gu/]sf] eGb} laxLaf/b]lv :yfgLo lgsfosf sfof{nox?sf] d'nu]6d} tfnf
nufOPsf] 5 . :yfgLo lgsfo ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng s]Gb|Lo ;dGjo ;ldltsf]
cfJxfgdf b]zJofkL?kdf sfof{nosf] d'nu]6d} tfnf nufOPsf] xf] .
cfGbf]ngsf sf/0f bfªsf :yfgLo lgsfodf k"0f{?kdf k|efj k/]sf] 5 . laxLaf/
/ z'qmaf/ s'g} sfd x'g ;s]g . ut k'; !# ut] :yfgLo ljsf; dGqfno /
cfGbf]ng/t sd{rf/LaLr @! lbgleq dfu k"/f ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . t/
tf]lsPsf] ;do lalt;Sbf klg ;/sf/n] jf:tf gu/]kl5 df3 & ut]bl] v k'gM
cfGbf]ng z'? ug{ afWo ePsf] cfGbf]ng/t kIfn] hgfPsf] 5 . ;xdlt sfof{Gjog
/ :yfgLo :jfoQ zf;g lgodfjnL @)%^ sf] rf}yf] ;+zf]wg gx'bF f;Dd cfGbf]ng
hf/L /xg] pgLx?sf] c8fg 5 . laxLaf/b]lv :yfgLo lgsfosf lhNnf ljsf;
;ldlt, gu/kflnsf / uflj; sfof{nosf sfdsfh 7Kk ePsf 5g\ . g]kfn /fli6«o
sd{rf/L ;+u7g :yfgLo lgsfo lhNnf ;ldlt bfªsf cWoIf d'lQm/fd ;'jb] Lsf
cg';f/ bdsn, PDj'nG] ;nufotsf cltcfjZos ;'ljwfafx]ssf ;a} ;]jfx?
clglZrtsfnLg ?kdf aGb ul/Psf] 5 . kfFr a'bF ] dfu k"/f gx'bF f;Dd cfGbf]ng
s'g} ;Demf}tfdf g6'lËg] ;d]t pgn] atfP .
vfg]kfgL ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;ef
bfª÷t'n;Lk'/–!) bdf/ufpFl:yt emfFqmL 9'ªu\ f vfg]kfgL pkef]Qmf
bf]0f{ s];L, bfª÷
tyf ;/;kmfO{ ;+:yfsf] 5}7f}+ ;fwf/0f;ef xfn} ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+:yfsf cWoIf
rGb|sfGt v/]nsf] cWoIftf Pjd\ lhNnf vfg]kfgL l8lehg sfof{nosf ;j–
OlGhlgo/ ltns Gof}kfg]sf] k|dv ' cfltYodf ;DkGg ;efdf /fhg}lts bnsf
k|ltlglw, t'n;Lk'/ vfg]kfgL ;+:yfsf s[i0f cfrfo{, ;/:jtL dflj bdf/ufpF lj=Jo=;=
cWoIf afnf/fd uf}td, gd'gf dlxnf ;f=j=p=sf cWoIf s[i0fL uf}td nufotn]
af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf af]Ng] jQmfx?n] jiff{tsf] ;dodf af9Ln] vfg]kfgLsf]
d'xfg / kfOk aufP/ wldnf] kfgL lkpg'kg]{ afWotf ePsf] atfpFb} ;DalGwt
lgsfon] Wofg lbg cfu|x u/]sf lyP . ;efdf ;+:yfsf ;lrj wd{/fh cf]nLn]
;f+u7lgs k|ltj]bg / sf]iffWoIf tf/fk|;fb b]jsf]6fn] cfly{s k|ltj]bg k|:t't
ug{e' Psf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]jfkt knDa/ lx/fnfn
v8\sf, sfof{no ;lrj ;'zLns'df/ sfk\mn], pkef]Qmfx? s[i0f s];L, wd{axfb'/ vqL
/ r'8fdl0f ;fksf]6fnfO{ ;fwf/0f ;efdf ;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
dfnafxs oftfoft Joj;foLsf] e]nf
t'n;Lk'/÷÷/fKtL c~rn ;fgf dfnafxs oftfoft Joj;foL ;ldltsf]
zlgaf/ t'n;Lk'/df Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L ;+:yfsf] pb\3f6g ul/Psf] 5 .
;ldltsf cWoIf k|d] axfb'/ zdf{sf] cWoIftf Pj+ oftfoft Joj;foL dxf;+3sf
s]Gb|Lo ;lrj ;'/z] xdfnsf] k|dv ' cfltYodf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf af]Ng] jQmfx?n]
oftfoft Joj;foLx? ldn]/ cl3 a9\gk' g],{ uf8L rfnsx?nfO{ /fHon] lgo'lQm
lbg'kg]{ wf/0ff JoQm u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf odsfGt e08f/L, OZj/L kf08],
pd]z dHu}ofF, d]3/fh e';fn, k|d] of]uL, ljZj/fh uf}tdnufot] af]Ng'ePsf]
lyof] . ;f] cj;/df uf8L rfns uf]ljGb of]uL / Jofkf/L odk|;fb v/fnnfO{
;Ddfg ul/Psf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;+:yfsf] cfly{s k|ltj]bg sfof{no ;lrj
Zofds'df/ dHu}ofFn] k|:t't ug'e{ Psf] lyof] . gf]lv/fd ljsn] ;~rfng ug'e{ Psf]
sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx?nfO{ adaxfb'/ a'9fyf]sLn] :jfut ug'e{ Psf] lyof] .
uxFa' fnL v]taf/Ld} ;'Sof]
lnjfª÷
lnjfª÷;dodf kfgL gkbf{ o;kfnL /f]Nkfsf ls;fgx? dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ .
wfg / ds} kl5sf] k|d'v vfBfGg uxF' afnL kfgLsf] cefjn] v]taf/Ld} ;'Sg
yfn]kl5 emg} pgLx? lrlGtt b]lvPsf 5g\ . /f]Nkfsf] clwsfz+ e"–efux?
l;+rfO{/lxt ePsfn] aflngfnL nufPkl5 cfsfz] kfgLsf] af6f] x]/]/ cfsfz
x]g'{sf] ljsNk 5}g . lhNnfsf] hª\sf]6, sf]6ufpF, h'Fuf/, v'u|L, g'jfufpF,
h]b\jfª, yjfª, g'jfufpF, lnjfª, 3tL{ufpF, ldlemªnufotsf uflj;sf s]xL
:yfgx?df l;+rfO{ ePklg cGo :yfgx?df eg] l;+rfO{sf] ;'ljwf gePsfn]
cfkm"x?n] ;f]r]cg'?k pTkfbg x'g g;s]sf] s[ifsx? atfpF5g\ .
xflb{s awfO{
bf]3/] hUuf PsLs/0f cfof]hgf pkef]Qmf
;ldltsf ;Nnfxsf/ >L uf]s0f{ 8f“uL
ev{/} ;DkGg g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;o;gsf]
lgjf{rgaf6 ul/dfdo s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf
kbdf cToflws dtn] ljhoL x'ge ' Psf]df
pxf“sf] sfo{sfn k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] sfdgf
ub}{ xflb{s awfO{ 1fkg ub{5f}+ .
k|bLk lu/L s[i0fuf]kfn u'Ktf
-;b:o–;lrj_ -cWoIf_
Pjd\
gu/ ljsf; ;ldlt kl/jf/ t'n;Lk'/, bfª
cfsif{s 38]/L
laqmLdf
3f]/fxL–ndxL lkr ;8s;Fu} hf]l8Psf]
ju{b jfdf cfsif{s cfjf;Lo 38]/Lx?
wdfwd laqmL eO/x]sf 5g\ . df3
d;fGt;Dd lng]nfO{ ljz]if 5 6sf]
Joj:yf 5 .
;Dks{ M
>Lw/ clwsf/L – (*$&*%*%)$
k"0f{ clwsf/L – (*%&*#!!^^
6+s]Zj/ ;'j]bL – (*$&*@$!^*
g/axfb'/ clwsf/L – (*%&*#)*#@
;"rgf Û ;"rgf ÛÛ ;"rgf ÛÛÛ
bfª ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ ;xsf/L ;+:yfåf/f ;~rflnt /]l8of] dWoklZrd
Pkm=Pd= (!=$ d]ufxh{n] s]Gb|Lo Pjd\ :yfgLo k|lzIfsx?åf/f ;ftlbg] sfo{qmd
pTkfbg tyf pb\3f]if0f tflnd ;~rfng ug{ nflu/x]sf]n] OR5's JolQmx?n]
;dod} ;Dks{ /fVg'xg' xflb{s cg'/f]w ul/G5 . kmf/fd wdfwd ljt/0f eO/x]sf]
5 . pTs[i6nfO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf] cj;/ k|bfg ul/g]5 .
gf]6 M– tflnd oxL df3 !# ut]b]lv ;~rfng x'g]5 .
@
/]l8of] dWoklZrd ;'Gg ge'Ng'xf]nf .
;Dks{ M /]l8of] dWoklZrd (!=$ d]ufxh{
 jif{ !@, c+s !), @)^^ df3 !) ut] cfOtaf/ lh=k|=sf=bf=b=g+= @)÷)%%–)%^, bf=lh=x'=b=g+= &÷)%%–)%^ *
;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd ;+oGqk|lt ====== ;'jb] L, :yfgLo ltnaxfb'/ s];L, uh]Gb|l;+x o;k6s lx/fdl0f b'MvL
g]skf Pdfn]af6 )%^ ;fnsf] v8\sf, OZj/ l8;Lnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf]
3f]/fxL÷
fxL÷:ju{åf/L Do'lhs k|fln bfª zfvfn] zlgaf/ 3f]/fxLdf Ps sfo{qmdsf]
cfof]hgf u/L k|lzIffyL{x?nfO{ k|df0fkq ljt/0f ug's
{ f ;fy} ;fF:s[lts sfo{qmd u/]sf]
5 . k|flnsf cWoIf k|sfz k'gsf] cWoIftf Pj+ jl/i7 ufossf/ tyf ;+uLtsf/
lgjf{rgdf ljhoL ;f+;b\ bfgfnfn
rf}w/L, ;b\efjgfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
lyof] . e]nfkl5 a;]sf] j8f ;/f]sf/
;ldltsf] a}7sn] gofF af6f] lgdf{0f ug]{
lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
;Nofg hg;efsf] ;Gb]z
oxL df3 rf/ ut] ;Nofgdf ljzfn cfd;ef ;DkGg eof] .
dy'/fk|;fb >]i7sf] k|dv' cfltYodf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf Do'lhs k|flnn] /]l8of] pb\3f]if0f, 5qgf/fo0f ofbj, Pdfn]sf lhNnf pQm cfd;efdf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08n] ;Djf]wg
/]l8of] k|fljlws, clego / g[To ljwfsf @^ hgf k|lzIffyL{nfO{ k|df0f kq ljt/0f pk–;lrj z+s/ b]jsf]6f, lx/0o
u' K tfnufotsf /x] s f 5g\ .
;RofOPsf] ug'{eof] . dfcf]jfbLn] ;~rfng u/]sf] rf}yf] r/0fsf] cfGbf]ngsf
u/]sf] xf] . sfo{qmddf kqsf/ lji0f' cf6{, k|lzIfs lbg]z clwsf/L, a;Gt /f7f}/, ut c+sdf k|sflzt lhNnf lzIff qmddf ul/Psf] hg;ef cGt/ut ;Nofgdf pQm cfd;ef ul/Psf]
sdndl0f b]jsf]6fnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdsf] aLr–aLrdf Do'lhs gjk|jz ] Lx?dWo] k|dv
' JolQmx?nfO{ sfof{no bfªsf] lbjf vfhf lyof] . cfd;efdf aL;xhf/ a9L hgtfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
k|flnsf snfsf/x?n] nf]sbf]x/L, gf6s tyf g[To k|:t't u/]sf lyP . cWoIf k|r08n] :jfut ug'{ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] /sd hDdf ul/lbg]af/] ;Nofg lhNnf cfkm}df sd hg;ª\Vof /x]sf] lhNnf xf], To;}df klg
lyof] .
lbjf vfhf sfo{qmd z'? j8f ;/f]sf/ ======
;"rgfdf >L g]kfn a}s lnld6]8
kg{ uPsf]df ;RofOPsf] 5 .
cfhef]lnsf] l;hg eg]sf] clwsf+z hgtf ef/tsf l;dnf, lxdf~rn,
u9jfn, pQ/f~rn If]qdf >d ug{ hfg] df};d xf] . h;nfO{
af3df/]÷afnsNof0f k|flj k]bf af3df/]df ut ;ftfb]lv lbjf vfhfsf] z'?jft – Joj:yfks …sfnfkfxf8 hfg]Ú klg elgG5 . cr]n Dofgkfj/ sDklgx¿sf]
gu/kflnsf sfof{nosf k|ltlglw g/]z
ul/Psf] 5 . lhNnf lzIff sfof{no bfªaf6 lbjf vfhf sfo{qmdsf nflu /sd k|fKt bnfnLs/0f k|s[of a9]kl5 t];|f] d'n"sdf klg hfg] rng a9]sf] 5 .
ePkl5 k|lt ljBfyL{ k|ltlbg !@ ?k}ofFsf b/n] vfhf v'jfpg z'? ul/Psf] xf] . ;f] CRBT gDa/ rflxof] < h] xf];\tf klg cfhef]nL ufpFdf o'jf k'?ifx¿sf] hg;ª\Vof sd x'g]
sfo{qmd Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu ljBfno Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf uf]ljGb ;do xf] . t/ klg hg;efdf pkl:yt hgtfsf] ;fu/nfO{ x]bf{
v8\sfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf nf]saxfb'/ af]x/f, jL/axfb'/ 3tL{, lnnfjtL a:g]t / cf]kG] b| clvn g]kfn hg;fF:s[lts dx;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s= ljb|f]xLsf] ev{/}
ahf/df cfPsf] PNad Oltxf;df /x]sf] qmflGtsf/L uLtx?sf] CRBT gDa/ ;Nofgdf olt w]/} hgtfsf] pkl:ylt ePsf] Oltxf;d} klxnf] 36gfsf]
s];L /x]sf] lbjf vfhf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] u7g ul/Psf] 5 . # ;o ljBfyL{ /x]sf] ¿kdf dfGg ;lsG5 .
pQm ljBfnodf lbjf vfhf sfo{qmdsf nflu cf=a= )^^÷^& df # nfv $% xhf/ lgDg cg';f/ /x]sf] 5 .
uLtsf] af]n – CRBT gDa/ uLtsf] af]n – CRBT gDa/ zflGt k|s[ofkl5 klg hgtfsf] olt 7"nf] ;fu/ cfd;efdf
/sd pknAw u/fOPsf] ToxfFaf6 nlnt s];Ln] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . cf]n{g'sf] sf/0f, hgtfn] cfˆg} vr{ Joj:yfkgdf cfpg pT;'s x'g'
cd/ dfG5]x? – )!#))!%(*! ;Unf] h"g pbfpFbf – )!#))!%(*$
cfpg'xf];\ Û x]gx
'{ f];\ ÛÛ /dfpg'xf];\ ÛÛÛ cf] sd/]8 – )!#))!%(*@ cfp ;a} g]kfnL – )!#))!%(*%
h:tf 36gfqmdn] ubf{ hgtfsf] dfcf]jfbLk|ltsf] cfsif{0f a9\bf] 5
nf]s 7f8f] efsf – )!#))!%(*# hg;d/df – )!#))!%(*^
eGg] s'/f g} b]vfpF5 . tLg lbgb]lv k}bn lx+8]/ af6f]df vfg] vr{ /
tkfO{sf] ;x/ 3f]/fxLdf klxnf]kN6 df?tL df}t s'jfleq df]6/;fOsn / gf:tf ;d]t 3/af6} tof/ u/]/ hg;efdf pkl:yt x'g] s'/f cToGt}
df?tLsf] slDkl6zg ;fy} /f]6]lkª -e'mjf_ lj1fg k|bz{g aRrfx?sf] nflu dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] . dfcf]jfbLsf] hgkl/rfng z}nLnfO{ p;sf
lkªsf ;fy} nf]sbf]xf]/L / xfphL ljËf] hDaf]nsf] cfgGb lng ge'Ng'xf]nf . btf{ vf/]hL ul/g]af/] ;"rgf Û lj/f]wLx¿n] hjh{:tL hgtfnfO{ cfGbf]ngdf ptf/]sf] eg]/ cf/f]k
ldlt M )^^ df3 !% b]lv o; sfof{nosf] k|fb]lzs clwsf/ If]qcGtu{t btf{ ePsf lgDg ;xsf/L nufpg] ub{5g\ . hjh{:t NofOPsf dflg; tLg lbg;Dd cfkm}
:yfg M /fKtL ;'k/nh /f]8 u0f]z xn cufl8 ;+:yf ln= ljut $–% jif{b]lv cfk\mgf] ljlgod ePsf sfo{x? tyf ;xsf/L P]g vr{kr{ af]s]/ cfpg ;S5 / < t;y{ lj/f]wLx¿sf] of] cf/f]k s]jn
lgodcg';f/ ;~rfng ug{'kg]{ sfo{x? gu/L lgliqmo?kdf /x]sf] kfOPsf] xF'bf /fhgLlts k"jf{uå| f/f k|l] /t 5 eGg] s'/f g} b]vfpF5 . ToxfF t pT;fxk"0f{
cfof]hs M du/ o'jf Snj ;+3, bfª ;xsf/L P]g @)$* sf] bkmf $! -#_ adf]lhd btf{ vf/]h ug{'kg]{ b]lvPsf]n] of] tl/sfn] dflg; hg;efdf pkl:yt ePsf 5g\ . o;/L ;efdf
kmf]g M (*$*)*)@&# ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . btf{ vf/]h ug{' gkg{] sf/0f / ;+:yfn] k]z ug{'kg]{ cfPsf hgtfn] ;efcjlwe/ jQmfx¿sf] efif0f w}o{tfk"j{s ;'g]/
ljj/0fx? tyf k|ltj]bgx? of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] #% lbgleq o; a:g'n] klg hgtf dfcf]jfbLk|lt ljZj:t / cfzfjfbL 5g\ eGg] s'/f
sfof{nodf k]z ug{x' f]nf jf ;+:yf ;~rfng ug{ k|lta4tf;lxt o; sfof{nodf
/fKtLdf l/6\h u|k
' pkl:yt x'g'xf]nf cGoyf btf{ vf/]h ul/g] Joxf]/f ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf
g} b]vfpF5 . h]xf];\ ;NofgL hgtfn] cfhef]nLsf] 708L df};d /
kfxfl8 e"uf]ndf klg cfkm}df cfTdlge{/ eP/ hg;efdf Jofks
ca /fKtL c~rndf Nofk6k–sDKo'6/, competitive Rate df nflu of] ;"rgf k|sflzt ul/Psf] 5 . pkl:ylt hgfpg' eg]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhgLlts ;kmntf xf] .
IT sf ;k\m6j]o/x? / sf/x? ;:tf] d"Nodf kfOG5 . tkl;n M ;Nofgsf] hg;efdf b]lvPsf ;sf/fTds ;Gb]znfO{ lgDgcg';f/
A) Laptop : HP, Dell, Acer, Sony, MSI, HCL, Zeal != hg;]jf ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L ;+:yf ln= pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5–
cjlw M # b]lv % lbgdf Computer Institute
cf]v/sf]6 uflj;, rF'wf/f, Ko"7fg . ;xsf/L clws[t – kf6L{sf] hgkl/rfng z}nLdf ePsf] k|efjsfl/tf .
B) Car : l8lehg ;xsf/L sfof{no, bfª – hgtfsf] cfGbf]ngk|lt k|ltj4tf .
Chevrolet, Maruti etc. Ritz Computers, Khaira Dang – cfTdlge{/ hLjgk2tL .
C) Project for typing (Thesis Typing) NGO–Government & ca ! jif{d} SLC tyf +2 kf; bfªd} – hgo'4sf] ´´Nsf] .
Private all functions NIOS af]8{af6 Ps jif{d} +2 tyf Maths, Science / Test
Laxman sagar (shah) – qmflGtk|ltsf] lgi7fefj .
Tel : 082-694464 glbO{ SLC kf; ug{ Oct Session sf] nflu egf{ v'Nof] . – dfcf]jfbLk|ltsf] a9\bf] cfsif{0f .
Director
Mobile : 984791-444-7, 98478-97774 xfd| f ljz] i ftfx? M–
e-mail : ritzgroup@hotmail.com Ritz Group Ghorahi sIff !! gk9L l;w} !@ sf] dfq} k/LIff lbP k'Ug] . +2 df hDdf %
– kl/jt{gsf] rfxgf . /,
ljifo k9\g'kg]{ . SLC sf] nflu Go"gtd kfFr ljifodfq k9] k'Ug] .
– dfcf]jfbL g} cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] ;+jfxs zlQm xf] eGg] s'/fsf]
t'?Gt cfjZostf ÛÛÛ Dofy, ;fOG; / 6]i6 lbg} gkg]{ . sIff *, ( / !) tyf 6]i6 km]n jf k'gk'l{ i6 .
s'jt] sf] ;'Ntfg ;]G6/ sDkgL / ax/fOgsf] cnaf/fsf lSnlgª P08 u'8;
\ kf; ;a}nfO{ egf{ ug{ ;Sg] . nfdf] ;do k9fO{ 5f]8]sf / u[xL0fLx?n] klg kf6L{n] Jofks sfo{stf{ kl/rfng u/L hgtfsf] 3/3/df k'u]/
6«fG;kf]6{ sDkgLaf6 lgDg sfdbf/x?sf] dfu eOcfPsf] x'gfn] hfg rfxg] 3/d} a;]/ cWog ug{ ;Sg] . k9\g, kf; ug{ tyf /fd|f] k|ltzt Nofpg hgtfnfO{ hg;efsf] cf}lrTo / cfjZostfsf af/]df hfgsf/L
OR5's JolQmn] cfk\mgf] cfjZos sfuhft;lxt t'?Gt ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf . ;lsg] . ljZjel/ g} dfGotf k|fKt ePsf] . u/fPsf] 5 . h;n] ubf{ hgtfn] g} ;efdf ;xeflu x'g pT;'stf
qm=;+= kb dfu ;+Vof tnj sfd ug]{ ;do b]vfPsf 5g\ . hg;efsf] cf}lrTosf af/]df hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L
;Dks{ M Pk]S; sDKo'6/ u/fPkl5 hgtf cfkm} ;efdf hfg tof/ x'g' hgtfsf] cfGbf]ngk|ltsf]
!= n]a/ -nf]l8ª cgnf]l8ª_ ^) *) BD !@ 306f 3f]/fxL, bfª -:ju{åf/L PkmPd cufl8_ df]=(*%&*@)%*(,(*%&*#)%*(
@= lSng;{ @)) %) KD * 306f a'´fO{df Ps¿ktf xf] . of] g} ;a}eGbf ;sf/fTds s'/f xf] . To;kl5
;efdf hfgsf nflu hgtfn] cfkm} cfTdlge{/ eP/ hfg] tof/L ug'{
sfd ug{'kg]{ ;do lbgsf] * 306f . -xKtfsf] ^ lbg_ v';Lsf] va/ Û v';Lsf] va/ ÛÛ eg]sf] hgtfsf] cfGbf]ngk|ltsf] bfloTjaf]wsf] s'/f xf] . of] v'nf
a:gsf] Joj:yf 5 . vfgsf] Joj:yf 5}g .
zf/Ll/s ?kn] :j:y / s8f d]xgtL x'g'k5{ . o; ofldgf c6f] js{;k tyf gjb'uf{ c6f]kf6{;n] ljut bz jif{b]lv kl/j]zdf k|foM o:tf hg;efx¿df ufl8 df]6/x¿sf] k|of]u ul/G5,
sDtLdf klg b'O{ jif{sf] sfdsf] cg'ej ePsf]nfO{ ljz]if u|fXotf lbOg]5 . tkfO{x?sf] ;]jf ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . cab]lv gofF 9+un] df]6/;fOsn dd{t h:n] ubf{ hg;ef a9L vlr{nf] x'g uO{ kf6L{ C0fdf 8'Ag] u/]sf
cGo ;'ljwf ;fpbL c/aLof / ax/fOgsf >lds lgodcg';f/ x'g]5 . ug]{, Ol~hg dd{t ug]{, Water service, Home sarvice sf] Joj:yf 5g\ . t/, ;Nofgdf tLg lbg;Dd klg lx+8]/ hgtf ;xeflu x'g'n]
dfly pNn]lvt kbsf] nflu cGtjf{tf{ wdfwd eO/x]sf] 5 ug'{sf ;fy} df]6/;fOsnsf x/]s kf6{;x? ;'ky d"Nodf pknAw u/fOG5 . ;efnfO{ sd vlr{nf] / hgtfs} lhDd]jf/L / bfloTjaf]wsf] kf7
cfk\mgf] l;6 ;dod} ;'/lIft /fVg'xf];\ . Psk6s k|f]=k|]d l8;L l;sfPsf] 5 .
;Dks{ M ;]jf ug]{ ofldgf c6f] js{;k To;}u/L pQm hg;efdf ;Nofgsf ;a}eGbf j[4 !)* jif{sf
b l/e/ cf]e/;Lh k|f=ln= df}sf a'9f afsf] pkl:ylt / pgsf] k|r08nfO{ e]6]/} dg]{ rfxgf JoQm x'g'n]
t'n;Lk'/–% k'/fgf] a;kfs{, bfª ;efnfO{ ´g} /f]rs / k|efjsf/L t'NofPsf] lyof] . o; s'/fn]
zfvf sfof{no 3f]/fxL,bfª ;lxbu]6 cufl8 kmf]g M )*@–%^@%*^ lbg'xf];\ . kmf]g )*@–%@@%#@, df]= (*$&*^^)$%
dfcf]jfbL g} b]zsf] lhDd]jf/ kf6L{ / zlQm xf] eGg] s'/fsf] k'li6
ub{5 . dfcf]jfbLn] hgkl/rfngdf hgo'4s} z}nL / ljlw k|of]u
u/]/ km]l/ Psk6s hgo'4sf] ´´Nsf] lbnfPsf] 5 . x/]s h'n';sf]
g]t[Tj ;Nofgsf tLghgf ;efifb\x¿åf/f ul/Psf] lyof] . To;}u/L
xflb{s awfO{ ufpFufpFaf6 cfpg] h'n';sf] g]t[Tj sdf08 l;:6ddf ;a}n] ug]{ u/L
ldnfOPsf] lyof] . lk/fld8 z}nLdf h'n';sf] 6Ld sdf08 ug]{ l;:6d
ldnfP/ h'n';nfO{ Jojl:yt ul/Psf] lyof] . h;n] ubf{ slxF st}
klg eb|uf]ntfsf] dx;'; ug'{ k/]g . 3/af6 lx+8]b]lv g} 6Lda4 eP/
lx+8\g' / ;efsf] ;dfkgkl5 klg 6Lda4 eP/} kms{g'n] hgo'4sf]
sfo{z}nLsf] k|of]unfO{ ;'rf? /flvPsf] cg'e"lt lbnfPsf] lyof] .
hgtfdf /fli6«otfk|ltsf] hfu/0f cToGt} k|jn /x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L
zflGt :yfkgf, ;+ljwfg n]vg / /fHonfO{ cu|ufdL ?kfGt/0f ug{sf
nflu hgtfn] v]Ng'kg]{ e"ldsfsf nflu ;NofgL hgtfsf] pT;fx
lgs} /fd|f] /x]sf] pQm hg;efdf ePsf] ;xeflutfn] b]vfPsf] 5 .
)^^÷!)÷( kfNkf

xfd|f] ;+:yf blnt dlxnf Pstf s]Gb| s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt t'n;Lk'/ bfªsf] oxL df3 ( ut] bfp/f rflxof] eg] xfdL 5“b5
} f}+ .
xfdLsxf“ uf]lnof sf7, l:6k bfp/f ;'ky d"Nodf kfOg'sf ;fy} u|fxs
zlgaf/sf lbg ;DkGg 5}7f}+ ;fwf/0f ;ef tyf rf}yf] dxflwj]zgaf6 lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt ju{n] vl/b ug]{ %) So"lkm6eGbf dflysf] lr/fg / b'O;{ o s]hLeGbf a9Lsf]
x'ge' Psf gofF sfo{;ldltsf cWoIf >L lgd{nfs'df/L u'Ktf cGo kbflwsf/Lx?df l:6k bfp/f rfx]df %) k|ltzt ef8fdf 5'6;lxt ljqmL eO/x]sf] 5 .
k|f=] lnnfw/ s];L
pkfWoIf ldgf g]kfnL, dxf;lrj l;tf/f g]kfnL, sf]iffWoIf zzLsnf g]kfnL, dfpG6 Pe/]i6 sfi7 pBf]u
;lrj lnnf kxf8L, ;fy} ;b:ox? ddtf rf}w/L, ;l/tf g]kfnL, clgtf t'n;Lk'/–( bf]3/], bfª kmf]g (*%&*@)!&%
g]kfnL, od'gf kl/of/, 5lj s];L / dfofl;+x g]kfnLnfO{ xflb{s cfef/ JoQm
ub{5f}+ . ;fy} pxfFx?sf] ;kmn sfo{sfnsf] sfdgf Pjd\ awfO{ 1fkg ub{5f}+ . ;dj]bgf
xfd|f] kf6L{ PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL !% g+=
t'ªu\ bWjh rf}w/L – sfo{qmd ;+of]hs a;Gt g]kfnL – ;fdflhs kl/rfns Pl/ofcGtu{t $ g+= jf8{ ;b:o tyf g]kfn blnt
e/t g]kfnL – sfo{qmd clws[t zfGts'df/ g]kfnL – ;fdflhs kl/rfns d'lQm df]rf{ PsLs[tsf] lhNnf ;lrjfno ;b:o Pjd\
!% g+= Pl/of cWoIf s=zfGtf g]kfnLsf] a'jf nfnl;+x
uf]kfn g]kfnL – n]vfkfn cfgGb g]kfnL – ;fdflhs kl/rfns afbL
afbLsf] oxL df3 # ut] *^ jif{sf] pd]/df c;fdlos
;~holjqmd g]kfnL – ;fdflhs kl/rfns ;l/tf g]kfnL – ;fdflhs kl/rfns hGd M !(() lgwg ePsf] va/n] xfd|f] kf6L{ ddf{xt ePsf] 5 .
l;tf/f g]kfnL – ;fdflhs kl/rfns k|ldnf g]kfnL – ;fdflhs kl/rfns d[To' M )^^÷!)÷# b'Mvsf] o; 38Ldf d[tsk|lt xflb{s >4f~hnL Pjd\
zf]s;GtKt kl/jf/hgdf ;dj]bgf k|s6 ub{5f}+ .
blnt dlxnf Pstf s]Gb| s]Gb|Lo sfof{no kl/jf/ rGb| /}bf; -;]qm]6/L_
tyf ^ g+= j8f kl/jf/
k|bLk cf]nL -;]qm]6/L_ tyf
!% g+=Pl/of kl/jf/
t'n;Lk'/, bfª PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL