Fisiologi Neuron

Polarization
Depolarization
Hyperpolarization
Repolarization

Graded potential
Local changes in membrane potential
that occurs in varying grade
The stronger the triggering event is,
the larger the resultant graded
potential
Spread by Passive current flow
Diminished over short distance

Action Potential
During the action potential, the
membrane potential rapidly,
transiently reverse

 Change in membrane permeability

and ion movement lead to an action
potential

 Action potentials are propagated

from the axon hillock to the axon
terminals

 Once initiated, action potentials are

conducted through out a nerve fiber
by :
Contiguous condcution
Saltatory conduction

The Refractory Period

Ensures one way propagation of
action potentials and limits their
frequency

 Action potentials occur in all or none

fashion
The Strength of stimulus is coded by
the frequency of action potentials

Myelinated Fibers
Myelination increases the speed of
conduction of action potentials

 Fiber diameter also influences the

velocity of action potential
propagation

Synapses and neuronal

integration

 Excitatory synapses
Inhibitory synapses

 Neurotransmitter carriies the signal

Each neurotransmitter-receptor
combination always produces the
same response
Neurotransmitter are quickly
removed from the synaptic cleft

 GPSP (Grand Postsynaptic Potential)

depends on the sum of the activities
of all presynaptic inputs
The postsynaptic neuron can be
brought to threshold by :
Temporal Summation
Spatial summation

 Presynaptic inhibition or facilitation

can selectively alter the
effectiveness of a presynaptic input

 Neurons are linked through complex

converging and diverging pathways

Thank You