B QUC PHNG

TP ON VIN THNG QUN I

TNG QUAN MNG VIN THNG VIETTEL

(Dnh cho nhn vin sau tuyn dng)
LU HNH NI B

H NI, THNG 03 NM 2010

B QUC PHNG

TP ON VIN THNG QUN I

TNG QUAN MNG VIN THNG VIETTEL

(Dnh cho nhn vin sau tuyn dng)
LU HNH NI B

NGI VIT TI LIU

KHOA K THUT

TRUNG TM O TO VIETTEL

H NI, THNG 03 NM 2010

MC LC
MC LC.................................................................................................................... 1
MT S THUT NG VIT TT...........................................................................4
LI NI U..............................................................................................................6
CHNG I. TNG QUAN V MNG VIN THNG..........................................7
I. Thnh phn trong mng vin thng.........................................................................7
1. Khi nim mng Vin thng...............................................................................7
2. Cc thnh phn ca mng vin thng................................................................7
II. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng vin thng..........................................7
1. Thit b u cui................................................................................................7
2. H thng truyn dn...........................................................................................8
3. Trung tm chuyn mch...................................................................................12
4. H thng bo hiu............................................................................................14
5. Cc loi dch v...............................................................................................15
6. Trung tm iu hnh - Qun l - Bo dng...................................................16
7. Cc thit b ph tr..........................................................................................17
CHNG II. TNG QUAN MNG VIN THNG VIETTEL..........................19
I. Mng Viettel Mobile............................................................................................19
1. S cu trc mng Viettel Mobile.................................................................19
2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng Viettel Mobile..............................19
II. Mng PSTN Viettel.............................................................................................21
1. S cu trc mng PSTN ca Viettel (hnh 2.1)............................................21
2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng PSTN...........................................21
III. Mng Internet Viettel.........................................................................................22
1. S cu trc mng Internet Viettel (hnh 2.3)................................................22
2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng Internet.......................................22
IV. Mng truyn dn Viettel.....................................................................................23
1. S cu trc mng truyn dn ca Viettel (hnh 2.4)....................................23
2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng truyn dn...................................24
V. S kt ni tng th mng Vin thng Viettel theo cu trc phn lp...............25
1. S kt ni (hnh 2.5)....................................................................................25
2. Lung lu lng...............................................................................................25
VI. M hnh t chc b my k thut hnh iu hnh mng Viettel Telecom..........27
(hnh 2.6).................................................................................................................. 27
CHNG III. THUT NG THNG DNG TRONG MNG VIN THNG
..................................................................................................................................... 29
I. Thut ng trong mng di ng..............................................................................29
1. TRX (TRE):......................................................................................................29
2. Knh lu lng (con goi l knh TCH):...........................................................29
3. Knh SDCCH:..................................................................................................29
4. TU (Traffic Utilisation):...................................................................................29
5. Gi peak:.......................................................................................................... 29
6. GoS (Grade of Service):...................................................................................29
7. T l cuc goi c thit lp thnh cng (CSSR):............................................29
1

8. T l rt cuc goi (CDR):.................................................................................29

9. Ti l knh SDCCH b rt (SDR).......................................................................29
10. Ti l knh SDCCH b nghen (SCR):...............................................................30
11. Ti l knh TCH b nghen (TCR):.....................................................................30
12. T l chuyn giao thnh cng (HOSR):..........................................................30
13. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng v tuyn di ng (TF):........................30
14. Goc Tilt: l goc ngng/cp ca anten............................................................30
15. Goc Azimuth:..................................................................................................30
16. cao antenna.............................................................................................30
17. Mc thu cng tn hiu (Rxlev).................................................................31
18. Thu bao attach:............................................................................................31
19. Thu bao registered:.......................................................................................31
20. S thu bao detach (thu bao ri mng):.......................................................31
21. BHCA (Busy hour call attempt):....................................................................31
22. MHT (Mean Holding Time):...........................................................................31
23. kh dng ca mng (D)............................................................................31
II. Thut ng mng ADSL........................................................................................32
1. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line):........................................................................32
2. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng ADLS v PSTN (TF):...........................32
3. Tc ng xung v tc ng ln:.......................................................32
4. S c ng dy thu bao (i vi ADSL v PSTN):.......................................32
5. T l sa cha ng dy thu bao trong 6h:..................................................32
6. Thi gian thit lp dch v:..............................................................................32
III. Thut ng mng truyn dn................................................................................32
1. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng Truyn dn (TF):...................................32
2. Nhy lung:......................................................................................................33
3. Lung E1:.........................................................................................................33
4. Lung STM-1:..................................................................................................33
5. Lung STM - n (n = 4, 16, 64):........................................................................33
6. SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy):...........................................................33
7. DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing):........................................33
IV. Cc n v o lng trong vin thng: VSWR, dB, dBm, dBi, Erl....................33
1. Ti s song ng in p (VSWR):....................................................................33
2. dB:.................................................................................................................... 33
3. dBi:..................................................................................................................33
4. Erlang (Erl):....................................................................................................33
CHNG IV. M T CHUNG CNG VIC CA NHN VIN K THUT
VIN THNG...........................................................................................................34
I. Vai tr chuyn mn...............................................................................................34
1. Quy hoch mng: bao gm 6 vic sau:............................................................34
2. Thit k mng...................................................................................................34
3. Trin khai.........................................................................................................35
4. Khai thc..........................................................................................................35
5. Ti u mng: bao gm 6 vic sau:...................................................................37
II. Vai tr qun l.....................................................................................................37
1. Qun l ti nguyn mng li..........................................................................37
2. Qun l cht lng mng.................................................................................38
2

3. Qun l ti sn.................................................................................................38
4. Qun l khch hng:........................................................................................39
III. Mi quan h:......................................................................................................39
PH LC I: NGN HNG CU HI....................................................................40

MT S THUT NG VIT TT
Ch
vit tt
2G
3G
AUC

Thut ng ting Anh

Second Generation
Third Generation
Authentication Center

Ting Vit tng ng

Th h cng ngh th 2
Th h cng ngh th 3
Trung tm nhn thc
4

Ch
vit tt
BGM
BSC
BSSAP
BTS
CAP
CRBT
DSLAM
DWDM
EIR
GGSN
GMSC
GPRS
GSM
HLR
HSDPA
HSPA
HSUPA
IP
ISUP
MAP
MCA
MSS
MSC
NodeB
SCCP
SDH
SGSN
SMSC
STM-1
UE

Thut ng ting Anh

Ting Vit tng ng

Background Music
Base Station Controller
Base Station System
ApplicationPart
Base Transceiver Station
CAMEL Application Part
Colour Ringback Tone
Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer
Dense Wavelength Division
Multiplexing
Equipment Identity Register
Gateway GPRS Support Node
Gateway Mobile Switching
Center
General Packet Radio Service
Global System of Mobile
Home Location Register
High Speed Downlink Packet
Access
High Speed Packet Access
High-Speed Uplink Packet
Access
Internet Protocol
ISDN User Part
Mobile Application Part
Miscall Alert System
Mobile Soft Switch
Mobile Switching Center
NodeB
Signaling Connection Control
Part
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
Serving GPRS Support Node
Short Message Service Center
Synchronous Transport Module 1
User Equipment

Nhc nn
i iu khin trm gc mng 2G
Phn ng dng h thng trm gc
Trm thu pht gc mng 2G
Phn ng dng CAMEL
Nhc chung ch a m.
B ghp knh truy nhp ng
thu bao s
Ghp knh phn chia theo bc
song
B ghi nhn dng thit b
Node h tr GPRS cng
TT chuyn mch di ng cng
DV v tuyn chuyn mch gi
H thng di ng ton cu
B ghi dch thng tr
Truy nhp gi ng xung tc
cao.
Truy nhp gi tc cao.
Truy nhp gi ng ln tc
cao
Giao thc Internet
Phn ngi dng ISDN
Phn ng dng di ng
H thng bo cuc gi nh
Chuyn mch mm di ng
Trung tm chuyn mch di ng
Trm thu pht gc mng 3G
Phn iu khin kt ni bo hiu
Phn cp s ng b
Node h tr cung cp GPRS
Trung tm dch v nhn tin
Module chuyn pht ng b - 1
Thit b di ng 3G
5

Ch
vit tt
VLR
VSAT
WAP

Thut ng ting Anh

Visiter Location Register
Very Small Aperture Terminal
Wireless Application Part

Ting Vit tng ng

B ghi dch tm tr
Thit b v tinh
Phn ng dng khng dy

LI NI U
Trong xu th pht trin mnh m ca ngnh vin thng quc t hin nay, Tp on
Vin thng Qun i - Viettel c nhng bc chuyn mnh t ph theo kp vi
tc tng trng chng mt ca ngnh vin thng quc t. l s ci tin v mt
cng ngh, khng ngng sng to nng cao cht lng dch v nhm cung cp cho
khch hng nhng dch v tt nht. Mun lm c nh vy chng ta cn c mt
6

chin lc pht trin ph hp vi xu th pht trin ca th gii, m rng hp tc vi

cc hng vin thng ln trong khu vc v th gii, khng ngng hc hi trao i kinh
nghim v tin b cng ngh vi cc quc gia khc trong qu trnh hi nhp. Bn cnh
cng tc o to cng cn phi c ch trng c bit, bi v mt doanh nghip
vng mnh lun song hnh vi i ng nhn vin c phm cht tt v chuyn mn
gii.
Nhm m bo ngun ti liu o to cho nhn vin sau tuyn dng, B mn Vin
thng - Khoa K thut - Trung tm o to Viettel ti bn ti liu Tng quan mng
Vin thng Viettel, ti liu bao gm 4 chng sau:
Chng I : Tng quan v mng vin thng.
Chng II : Tng quan mng vin thng Viettel.
Chng III : Thut ng thng dng trong mng Vin thng .
Chng IV : M t chung cng vic ca Nhn vin k thut Vin thng.
Hy vng rng, ti liu ny c ngha thit thc cho cc nhn vin sau tuyn dng
bc u lm quen vi cu trc mng Vin thng ca Viettel.
Trong qu trnh bin son chc chn khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, rt mong
nhn c nhng kin ng gp ca cc ng ch Lnh o cc cp v ng nghip
ln ti bn sau c hon thin hn.

Mi kin ng gp xin gi v:
Trung tm o to Viettel
M1 - An Khnh - Hoi c - H Ni
Tel: 04.62650.329 - 0987.767.889
Fax: 04.62650.174
Email: Bienpt@viettel.com.vn

CHNG I. TNG QUAN V MNG VIN THNG

I. Thnh phn trong mng vin thng.
1. Khi nim mng Vin thng.
Vin thng bao gm nhng vn lin quan n:

- Vic truyn thng tin gia cc i tng qua mt khong cch, ngha l bao
gm bt k hot ng lin quan ti vic pht/nhn tin tc (m thanh, hnh nh, ch
vit, d liu...).
- Qua cc phng tin truyn thng (hu tuyn nh ng dy kim loi, cp
quang hoc v tuyn hoc cc h thng in t khc).
2. Cc thnh phn ca mng vin thng.
Cc thnh phn ca mng vin thng bao gm:
+ Thit b u cui.
+ H thng truyn dn.
+ Trung tm chuyn mch(tng i).
+ H thng bo hiu.
+ Cc loi dch v.
+ Trung tm iu hnh - Qun l - Bo dng.
+ Cc thit b ph tr.
10Mb/s

Bo
hiu
C7

PC

Node CHUYN MCH

iu hnh - Qun l
& Bo dng

Thit
b
ph tr

Thit
b
u
cui

Truyn
dn

Hnh 1.1. Cc thnh phn trong mng vin thng

II. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng vin thng.

1. Thit b u cui.
Thit b u cui (Terminal Device) l thit b giao tip vi ngi s dng(cn
c gi l i tng s dng, c th l con ngi hoc my mc t ng) v l cu
ni gia ngi s dng v mng.

1.1. Chc nng:

- Thit b u cui c chc nng thu/pht cc bn tin v chuyn cc bn tin di
dng tn hiu in thnh dng thng tin m con ngi c th hiu c nh: hnh nh,
m thanh, vn bn. v ngc li.
8

- Giao din vi con ngi (Man-Machine): thn thin, d dng, a nhim, c

th di ng.
- Giao din vi mng (UNI - User Network Interface): phi c chun ho,
tng thch vi nhiu mng, cc ph, qun l d dng, bo mt tt, c giao din
chun tng thch vi nhiu mng, nhiu v tr khc nhau.
1.2. Phn loi:
Thit b u cui c nhiu loi, chng rt khc nhau v chc nng v yu cu
dch v. Thit b u cui gm hai loi chnh sau:
+ Thit b u cui hu tuyn nh: my in thoi c nh, Fax, telex, PC,
my rt tin t ng ATM, camera,

Fax
Hnh 1.2: Thit b u cui hu tuyn.

+ Thit b u cui v tuyn nh: Mobile, Wifi,

WiFi Hotspot
LANs

MS

Hnh 1.3: Thit b u cui v tuyn.

2. H thng truyn dn.

2.1. Chc nng:
Truyn dn l qu trnh truyn ti thng tin t im ny n im khc trong
mng vin thng. Mng truyn dn ng vai tr rt quan trng trong cc h thng vin
thng. N l nn tng, l c s h tng cho vic thc hin truyn ti thng tin, dch v.
2.2. Phn loi:
C hai phng thc truyn dn c s dng chnh l: truyn dn hu tuyn v
truyn dn v tuyn.
2.2.1.
Truyn dn hu tuyn:
Truyn dn hu tuyn thng s dng hai mi trng truyn dn quan trng nht
l: cp ng v cp quang.
* Cp ng, s dng 2 kiu chnh: cp i xng v cp ng trc. Tn hiu
truyn trn cp ng l tn hiu in.
- u im: n gin v mt cng ngh, thit b, trin khai lp t v sa cha.
9

- Nhc im: gy tn hao ln dn n kh nng truyn xa nh, d b nh

hng bi nhiu, bo mt thng tin km, dung lng knh truyn v bng thng
thp. Ch yu cp ng s dng lp ngi s dng nh: t DSLAM n thu bao
internet, t tng i mng PSTN n thu bao in thoi.

Hnh 1.4: Cp i xng

* Cp quang, s dng trong cp si quang: Tn hiu truyn trn si quang l

tn hiu nh sng v th khc phc c nhng nhc im ca vic truyn tn hiu
in trn cp ng
- u im: tn hiu suy hao nh khong cch gia hai trm lp tng ln nhiu
ln, gim c nh hng ca nhiu, bo mt thng tin cao, dung lng knh
truyn dn ln vi tc cao v th thng c s dng trong cc tuyn truyn dn
t lp Access tr ln.
- Nhc im: phc tp v mt cng ngh, thit b.

Hnh 1.5: Cu trc ca cp quang

S si
quang

ng knh trung
bnh ca cp
(mm)

Trng lng
(kg/km)

4 ~ 36

11.2

48 ~ 72

12.2

Bn knh un cong nh nht

(mm)
C ti

Khng ti

90.61 - 95.53

230

115

112 - 115.12

250

125
10

Bng 1.1: ng knh, trong lng v bn knh un cong nh nht ca cp treo.

S si
quang

ng knh trung
bnh ca cp
(mm)

Trng lng
(kg/km)

4~36

12.6

48~72

13.6

Bn knh un cong nh nht

(mm)
C ti

Khng ti

117.96 - 122.95

250

130

138.66141.36

280

140

Bng 1.2: ng knh, trong lng v bn knh un cong nh nht ca cp chn trc tip.

2.2.2. Truyn dn v tuyn

Trong mng vin thng Viettel hin ang s dng truyn dn v tuyn c hai
loi l: Truyn dn Viba v truyn dn qua V tinh(VSAT).
* Truyn dn Viba.

Hnh 1.6: Trm chuyn tip v tuyn bng Viba.

Truyn dn v tuyn chuyn tip bng Viba ca Viettel thng s dng nhng
bng tn s 7GHz, 15GHz, 17GHz.
STT
1
2
3

Khong cch tuyn

< 5 Km
> 5 Km
> 20 Km

Loi Viba
17 GHz
15GHz
7GHz

Loi anten
0,3m v 0,6m
0,3m v 0,6m
1,2m

Bng 1.3: Thng s v khong cch ca tuyn truyn vi tn s v loi anten.

- u im: ln nht ca truyn dn v tuyn so vi truyn dn cp l khng cn

bt k mt ng dy dn no. c s dng trong cc a hnh kh khn thi cng h
thng truyn dn quang v truyn dn trong mi trng khng gian t do v trong tm
nhn thng. Cc h thng v tuyn c lp t nhanh gn, khng cn o xi, chi ph
u t t.
- Nhc im: Dung lng thp, cht lng ng truyn khng n nh, suy
hao ln do nh hng ca thi thit: ma, gi, bo,
* Truyn dn V tinh.
11

Trong thng tin v tinh, thit b chuyn tip trung gian chuyn ng theo qu
o xung quanh tri t thay v c thit lp c nh trn mt t. Trm mt t
truyn thng tin n v tinh bng mt tn s, v tinh ti to v truyn thng tin tr
v bng mt tn s khc. Cc bng tn s dng trong truyn dn v tinh:
STT
1
2
3
4

Bng tn
Uplink (GHz)
Downlink (Ghz)
Bng C
5GHz (5,925 - 6,425)
3GHz (3,7 - 4,2)
Bng C+
5GHz (5,850 - 6,925)
3GHz (3,4 - 3,7)
Bng Ku
14GHz (14 - 14.5)
11GHz (11.7 - 12.2)
Bng Ku+
14GHz (13.75 - 14.5)
11GHz (12.25 - 12.75)
Bng 1.4: Cc bng tn s dng trong truyn dn v tinh

Cc v tinh s dng trong vin thng thng c nh v ti qu o a tnh,

v tr c coi l khng thay i ti mi thi im nu nhn t im quan st ti trm
mt t. Khong cch n qu o ny khong 36.000km tnh t tri t nn tr truyn
dn xp x 240ms t trm mt t pht n trm V tinh thu. Ngi ni phi ch tr li
khong 0,5 giy, iu ny lm gin on thng tin lin tc. Mt vn khc i vi
truyn thng v tinh l ting vng, thng thng ting vng cng b tr khong 0,5
giy.
Trong mng vin thng Viettel s dng thng tin v tinh trong mt s trng
hp sau:
+ Truyn dn thng tin sang mng vin thng Quc t (Gateway).
+ Tch hp trm BTS qua ng v tinh.

Hnh 1.7: Trm chuyn tip v tuyn bng V tinh.

u im: do tnh phc tp ca a hnh, a l ti mt s ni nh min ni, hi

ogii php truyn dn bng cp quang, cp ng hay viba khng c tnh kh thi
cao, v khng ti u chnh v th vic kt ni truyn dn gia BTS v BSC thng qua
ng truyn v tinh s l ti u nht cho vic pht sng trm mi m rng vng
ph, v gii php ny c gi l truyn dn Abis qua ng v tinh.
12

Nhc im: l dung lng ng truyn thp, cht lng tn hiu b nh

hng ca thi tit, tr ln, chi ph cao.
3. Trung tm chuyn mch
thit lp mt tuyn ni theo yu cu t mt thu bao ny ti mt thu bao
khc th mng phi c thit b chuyn mch la chn mt tuyn ni ph hp. Trong
mng in thoi, cc h thng chuyn mch ny c gi l cc tng i. Thu bao s
nhn c cuc ni theo yu cu nh vo cc thng tin bo hiu truyn qua ng dy
thu bao. Thng tin bo hiu ny rt cn thit cho vic truyn cc thng tin iu khin
ca mt cuc gi hay truyn trn cc mch kt ni cc tng i vi nhau.
Trong thc t hin nay, c rt nhiu k thut chuyn mch ang c p dng.
Trong , ph bin nht l k thut chuyn mch knh, k thut chuyn mch gi v
chuyn mch mm.
3.1. Chuyn mch knh (CS: Circuit Switch).
- Chuyn mch knh c nh ngha l k thut chuyn mch m bo vic thit
lp cc ng truyn dn dnh ring cho vic truyn tin ca mt qu trnh trao i
thng tin gia hai hay nhiu thu bao khc nhau.
- Chuyn mch knh c ng dng cho vic lin lc mt cch tc thi, qu
trnh chuyn mch c a ra mt cch khng c cm gic v s chm tr (thi gian
thc) v tr bin thin gia ni thu v ni phn phi tin hay bt k phn no ca
h thng truyn tin. Chuyn mch knh tn hiu s l qu trnh kt ni, trao i thng
tin cc khe thi gian gia mt s on ca tuyn truyn dn TDM s.
- C hai c ch thc hin qu trnh chuyn mch knh tn hiu s l: C ch
chuyn mch khng gian s (loi S) v c ch chuyn mch thi gian s (loi T) v
xy dng trng chuyn mch kt hp gia hai loi S v T bo m kch thc ln bt
k theo yu cu.

Hnh 1.8: Trng chuyn mch khng s (loi S)

Hnh 1.9: Trng chuyn mch thi gian s (loi T).

3.2. Chuyn mch gi (Packet Switching):

K thut chuyn mch gi ngy nay tr thnh mt k thut rt c tim nng v
quan trng trong lnh vc Vin thng bi v n cho php cc ngun ti nguyn vin
thng s dng mt cch hiu qu nht. Chuyn mch gi c th thch ng vi din rt
rng cc dch v v yu cu ca khch hng. Trn th gii ngy nay, mng chuyn
mch gi cng ang c pht trin rt mnh m v s dng ch yu cho cc dch v
truyn thng s liu gia cc my tnh. Tuy vy chuyn mch gi cng ang th hin
13

hiu qu v tnh hp dn ca n cho cc dch v vin thng khc nh in thoi, Video

v cc dch v bng rng khc.
Nguyn l ca chuyn mch gi l da trn kh nng ca cc my tnh tc
cao v cc quy tc tc ng vo bn tin cn truyn sao cho c th chia ct cc cuc
gi, cc bn tin hoc cc giao dch (Transaction) thnh cc thnh phn nh gi l
Gi tin. Tu thuc vo vic thc hin v hnh thc ca thng tin m c th c nhiu
mc phn chia. V d mt cch thc hin ph bin c p dng ca chuyn mch gi
hin nay l bn tin ca ngi s dng c chia thnh cc Segments v sau cc
Segments li c chia tip thnh cc gi (Packet) c kch thc chun ho. Nh
chuyn mch ATM, FR,.

Hnh 1.10: M hnh chuyn mch goi.

V d: trn hnh 1.10 m t nguyn l lm vic ca chuyn mch gi. Cc bn

tin ca thu bao gi A s khng c gi i mt cch tc thi v trn vn qua mng
ti thu bao B nh trong chuyn mch knh m n s c ct ra thnh cc gi chun
node chuyn mch gi ngun PSW S. Mi gi s c pht vo mng mt cch ring
r v c lp v chng dch chuyn v node chuyn mch gi ch PSW theo mt
ng dn kh dng nht ti bt k thi im no, ng thi mi gi s c gim st
li dc hnh trnh. Ti PSW cc gi s ti hp to thnh cc bn tin nguyn vn
nh ban u ri gi ti thu bao B.
3.3. Chuyn mch mm (SoftSwitch):
Chuyn mch mm l khi nim bao hm vic tch phn iu khin ra khi
phn chuyn mch (kt ni). N bao gm cc module phn mm tiu chun, c chc
nng iu khin cuc gi, bo hiu, c giao thc lin kt v kh nng thch ng vi cc
dch v mi trong mng hi t. N chuyn mch cuc gi m khng ph thuc vo
phng thc truyn dn v cch truy nhp mng.
Chuyn mch mm (SoftSwitch) l cng ngh chuyn mch cc cuc gi trn
nn cng ngh gi (nh VoIP chng hn: G711, G723, G729,...)
Chuyn mch mm trong mng di ng:
- Phn iu khin(Modul control):
Phn iu khin c gi l: MSS (Mobile Switch Center Server), c chc
nng thc hin bo mt, qun l di ng, thit lp v gii phng cuc gi,.... cc MSS
lin lc vi nhau v cc phn t mng khc bng cc giao thc chun lp 3 nh ISUP,
MAP, BICC. MSC-Server iu khin cc MGw v a ra cc chc nng v ti nguyn
cn thit cho mt cuc gi. Giao thc c s dng y l H.248 (MGCP).
- Phn chuyn mch (Modul Switch).
Phn kt ni l mng phn tn dng chuyn mch cc cuc gi. Phn t chnh
y l cc MGw. MGw dng thit lp cc kt ni gia cc ngi dng v khi cn
n c th chuyn i cc cng ngh chuyn ti khc nhau (TDM, ATM, IP). MGw
cng thc hin vic x l d liu ngi dng nh m ho/gii m thoi, kh ting
14

vng... Ti nguyn cho mt cuc gi c th c phn b trn nhiu MGw, v d mt

MSC-Server c th iu khin nhiu MGw cho cng mt cuc gi. Cc phn t trong
mng phn lp c th chy trn nn mng IP (Mobile Backbone Packet Network).

Hnh 1.11: S kt ni MSC Server vi mng.

4. H thng bo hiu.
4.1.
Chc nng
Trong mng vin thng bo hiu c coi l mt phng tin chuyn thng
tin v cc lnh t im ny n im khc, cc thng tin v cc lnh ny c lin quan
n thit lp, gim st v gii phng cuc gi. Bo hiu thc hin 3 chc nng chnh:
- Chc nng gim st: gim st ng thu bao, ng trung k...
- Chc nng tm chn: chc nng iu khin v chuyn thng tin a ch.
- Chc nng khai thc v vn hnh mng: phc v cho vic khai thc mng mt
cch ti u nht.
4.2. Phn loi:
Thng thng bo hiu c chia lm 2 loi ty thuc vo phng thc x l
tn hiu bo hiu v ng dng ca n l:
* Bo hiu trong mng chuyn mch knh
Trong mng chuyn mch knh, bo hiu c chia thnh hai loi l bo hiu
ng thu bao v bo hiu lin i.
- Bo hiu ng thu bao l bo hiu thc hin cho cc my u cui, thng
l my in thoi vi tng i ni ht.
- Bo hiu lin tng i l bo hiu gia cc tng i vi nhau v c chia
thnh 2 loi l:
+ Bo hiu knh kt hp CAS(Channel Asociated Signaling): Bo hiu
knh kt hp hay cn gi l bo hiu knh lin kt l h thng bo hiu trong
tn hiu bo hiu nm trong knh ting hoc trong mt knh c lin quan
cht ch vi knh ting - R2.
+ Bo hiu knh chung CCS(Common Channel Signaling): l h thng
bo hiu trong tn hiu bo hiu nm trong mt knh tch bit vi cc knh

15

ting v knh bo hiu ny c s dng chung cho mt s lng ln cc knh

bo hiu ca cc knh ting - C7.
* Bo hiu trong mng chuyn mch gi.
Trong mng chuyn mch gi, bo hiu c thc hin thng qua cc giao thc
bo hiu. Ty thuc vo cng ngh c s dng cho tng mng c th m bo hiu
thc hin trong cc mng l khc nhau. Tuy nhin, cng ging nh trong mng chuyn
mch knh, chng ta cng c th xem c hai loi bo hiu trong mng chuyn mch
gi hay chnh xc hn c hai loi nhm giao thc bo hiu trng mng chuyn mch
gi: cc giao thc bo hiu lp ng dng v cc giao thc bo hiu lp li (Sigtran,
SIP).
- Cc giao thc bo hiu lp ng dng thc hin cc chc nng c bn ca mt
cuc gi: thit lp, duy tr v gii phng phin truyn thng.
- Cn cc giao thc bo hiu lp li thc hin chc nng iu khin, qun l cc
phn t trn mng.
Bo hiu trong mng chuyn mch gi l mt ni dung rt ln, tm hiu k v
vn ny cn phi xem xt cho tng giao thc c th ca tng mng khc nhau.
5. Cc loi dch v.
Khi nim dch v vin thng lun gn lin vi khi nim mng vin thng.
Mi mng vin thng s cung cp mt vi loi dch v c bn c trng cho mng
vin thng v mng ny c th cng h tr vi mng khc cung cp c mt
dch v vin thng c th.
Dch v vin thng rt a dng, v vy c nhiu phng php phn loi dch
v theo nhng quan im khc nhau, thng thng dch v vin thng c phn chia
thnh cc nhm sau:
5.1. Dch v c bn:
Truyn a tc thi thng tin qua mng vin thng (bao gm c Internet) m
khng lm thay i loi hnh hoc ni dung thng tin. y l loi dch v ti thiu(n
gin nht) m nh cung cp dch v cp cho khch hng, da trn nng lc c bn ca
nh mng cung cp dch v vin thng.
5.2. Dch v gi tr gia tng:
L dch v lm tng thm gi tr thng tin ca ngi s dng dch v bng cch
hon thin loi hnh, ni dung thng tin hoc cung cp kh nng lu tr, khi phc
thng tin trn c s s dng mng vin thng. Nhng dch v ny thun tin hn
cho ngi s dng, khng ch kt ni thit b u cui, c kh nng cung cp rng
khp v tnh cc linh hot.
5.3. Cc dch v trn nn mng th h sau:
Cc dch v c cung cp trn nn mng th h sau (NGN) l mng c h tng
thng tin duy nht da trn cng ngh chuyn mch gi c th trin khai nhanh
chng cc loi hnh dch v khc nhau da trn s hi t gia thoi v s liu, gia c
nh v di ng.
Ngoi ra cn c nhiu cch phn loi dch v trn nhng c s tiu ch khc
nhau, nhm mc ch to iu kin thun li trong vic qun l, hoch nh chnh sch
ca nh nc.
5.4. Cc dch v c bn v cc dch v gi tr gia tng m mng vin thng Viettel
ang cung cp:
16

Cc dch v c bn
Cc dch v gi tr gia tng
- Dch v khai thc trn mng di ng - Dch v gi tr gia tng trn mng di
2G v 3G:
ng 2G v 3G:
+ Thoi.
+ Dch v thng bo cuc gi nh
MCA.
+ Hin th s gi n.
+ Dch v Colour Ring.
+ Nhn tin ngn.
+ Dch v thanh ton cc tr sau
+ Gi cuc gi.
bng th ATM(thanh ton in t).
+ Ch cuc gi.
+ Dch v Call Me Back.
+ Chn cuc gi n v i.
+ Dch v ng tin.
+ Chuyn cuc gi.
+ Dch v thanh ton cc tr sau
+ Hp th thoi (Voice mail).
bng th np tin tr trc (Pay 199).
+ D liu.
+ Dch v GPRS: MMS, Email,
+ Gi hi ngh.
WAP, Ti nhc chung a m, m thanh
+ Cc s in thoi khn cp.
thc, hnh nn, games, mn hnh ch,...
+ Video Call.
+ Mobi TV, Imuzik 3G,
+ Mobile Internet.
+ Mng ring o.
+ D-com 2G v 3G.
+ Dch v cu truyn hnh.
- Dch v truy cp Internet.
+ Dch v thu knh truyn.
- Dch v in thoi c nh, Fax v dch
v in thoi Homephone.
- Dch v in thoi ng di, quc t
VoIP.
6. Trung tm iu hnh - Qun l - Bo dng.
6.1. Qun l li (Fault Mamagement):
- Thu thp y cc cnh bo t tt c cc phn t mng v lc cnh bo, phn
mc cnh bo theo mu sc
- T ng nhn dng cc cnh bo c nh ngha trc
- Tra cu cnh bo
- Khi li lm pht sinh cc li khc th h thng c chc nng nhm cnh bo
lin quan 1 s kin c th
- Thng k cng vic bo dng hng ngy: logbook (i thc hin, Trung tm
ch theo di tin thc hin).
- Bo co thng k li
6.2. Qun l cu hnh (Configuration Mamagement):
- Qun l topo mng theo m hnh phn cp
- Qun l tham s - cu hnh phn cng, version phn mm bao gm c cu hnh
backup v s thay i trong qu trnh khai thc.
- Qun l c tnh node mng
- Bo co cu hnh h thng (yu cu thc hin bo co theo phng thc qun
l c cc ti nguyn ang s dng trn mng).
6.3. Qun l cht lng (Performance Mamagement):
- Bo co cht lng: Bo co cht lng ngy hoc theo gi chi tit mc Cell,
BTS, BSC, MSC, bo co theo vng a l.
17

Gim st ti: Gim st ti/ti nguyn s dng ca BSC, MSC.

t mc ngng cht lng mng.
Qun l s c v cht lng mng: theo di v bo co cc s c cht lng
mng gip: phn tch s c, bo co thng k s c (bao gm c cc s c trong
qu kh).
- Bo co cht lng mng.
6.4. Qun l bo mt:
- Nhn thc ngi dng: qun tr h thng qun l account, chnh sch bo mt,
pht hin v ngn chn s xm nhp tri php vo h thng..
- Cc s kin tc ng ln h thng u c lu tr trong logfile v d a ch IP
login, thi gian login, logout, thng tin v account..
- Qun l cc account truy nhp theo a ch IP.
- Lu tr cc s kin, thi gian bt u, kt thc chy cc ng dng trn h thng
7. Cc thit b ph tr.
Cc thit b ph tr trong mng vin thng bao gm:
- B ngun AC/DC;

Hnh 1.12. A. T ngun AC/DC Emerson trong trm BTS

Thot st/bo v qu p

Hnh 1.12. B. H thng tip a cho trm BTS

Cnh bo chy n;

18

Hnh 1.12. C. u bo khoi a dng cho trm BTS

H thng lm mt cho trm BTS

MCA
SMS

Application
Layer

Mnglm
ngoi:
Hnh
1.12. D.BGM
H thng iu hoa
mt cho nh trm
CRBT
VNPT,EVN,Qun s

SMSC

GMSC
GGSN
CHNG II. TNG
QUAN MNG VIN THNG
VIETTEL
G-MGW

IP/MPLS
I. Mng Viettel
Mobile.
HLR/
1. S cu trc mng Viettel Mobile.
AuC
S cu trc mng Viettel Mobile c th hin trn hnh 2.1
MSC
Core
Layer
2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong
mng Viettel Mobile.
MGW1

Router core
INTERNET

MSC Server

E1/STM1

MGW2

Iu-CS

10Mb/s

data

SGSN

Iu-PS

Iur

Distribution
Layer

BSC
RNC

BSC

RNC
E1 Abis

Iub
Access Layer

BTS

NodeB

Um

Uu

User Layer
UE

MS

Hnh 2.1: S cu trc phn lp mng Viettel Mobile

19

Mng Viettel Mobile c chia thnh 5 lp gm: Lp User, Lp Access, Lp

Distribution, Lp core, Lp Applcation. Chc nng ca cc lp nh sau:
+ Lp User: lp ngi s dng l my u cui Mobile Station(MS) v thit b di
ng User Equipment(UE).
2G: Giao din gia MS v BTS l giao din Um.
3G: Giao din gia UE v NodeB l giao din Uu.
+ Lp Access: Bao gm h thng cc trm gc BTS v NodeB. C chc nng thu pht
sng v ph sng kn 63/63 tnh thnh.
- 2G: Cng ngh truy nhp GSM. S dng bng tn 900Mhz v 1800Mhz. Kt
ni(tch hp) vi mng(ti BSC) thng qua truyn dn bng cp quang hoc Viba
hoc qua V tinh VSAT. Giao din gia BTS v BSC l giao din Abis.
- 3G: Cng ngh truy cp HSPA. S dng bng tn 2110-2170 MHz. Tc truy
cp data ti a ln ti 7,2Mb/s. Kt ni (tch hp) vi mng (ti RNC) thng qua
truyn dn bng cp quang(10Mb/s). Giao din gia NodeB v RNC l giao din IuCS.
+ Lp Distribution:
- 2G: H thng cc trm BSC iu khin trm gc. Kt ni n MSC bng lung
E1/STM1. Giao din gia BSC v MSC l giao din A, s dng giao thc BSSAP.
3G: H thng cc trm RNC qun l mt hay nhiu trm NodeB v iu khin
cc ti nguyn ca chng. N c ni n Lp li bng hai kt ni, mt kt ni ti
MGW MSC Server (lung thoi) v mt kt ni n SGSN (lung data). MGw cng
thc hin vic x l d liu ngi dng nh m ho/gii m thoi, kh ting vng...
+ Lp core:

20

- 3G: S dng cng ngh IP/MPLS. Ti nguyn cho mt cuc gi c th c phn

b trn nhiu MGw, v d mt MSC-Server c th iu khin nhiu MGw cho cng
mt cuc gi. Cc phn t trong mng phn lp c th chy trn nn mng IP (Mobile
Backbone Packet Network).
- 2G: L h thng tng i MSC lm chc nng chuyn mch, thit lp iu khin
cuc gi. Kt ni trc tip vi cc GMSC v cc BSC, RNC ti mi vng.
Cc MSC trn c giao din vi GMSC v cc BSC, RNC giao din kt ni bng
cc lung E1 v STM1. Giao din bo hiu vi GMSC s dng bo hiu s 7 giao
thc SCCP, ISUP, MAP, CAP. Giao din bo hiu vi BSC s dng giao thc BSSAP.
Tng i GMSC c giao din vi cc mng bn ngoi kt ni mng bn
ngoi vi mng GSM.
Giao din kt ni l cc lung E1 hoc STM1. Cc giao din ny s dng bo
hiu s 7, giao din gia GMSC vi MSC s dng giao thc: ISUP, SCCP, MAP, CAP.
Kt ni trc tip vi tng i Toll ca Viettel ti H Ni nh tuyn lu lng i
quc t; n mng PSTN ca Viettel v mng qun s.
Giao din kt ni lu lng ngoi mng l cc lung E1 hoc STM1. Bo hiu s
7 s dng cc giao thc ISUP cho thoi v giao thc MAP cho SMS.
HLR: Trung tm qun l ng k d liu thu bao, HLR kt ni trc tip vi cc
h thng sau:
o Cc STP s dng giao thc MAP.
o H thng GPRS cho dch v WAP.
SGSN (Serving GPRS Support Node): Thc hin chc nng chuyn mch gi.
C h tr giao din kt ni vi BSC, RNC.
GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node): Thc hin chc nng chuyn mch gi.
Khng c giao din kt ni vi BSC.
+ Lp Application: thc hin chc nng l giao din kt ni gia cc mng khc
nhau, Cung cp cc dnh v trn mng di ng nh: SMS, MCA, BGM...
*H thng IN v cc h thng VAS.
+ IN (Intelligent network): X l iu khin cc cuc gi ca thu bao tr trc
Prepaid; Lu tr thng tin ti khon ca thu bao tr trc.
+ SMSC (Short Message Service Center): Trung tm dch v tin nhn: X l iu
khin nhn SMS t thu bao v phn phi SMS ti thu bao nhn.
+ MCA (Miscall Alert System): H thng cnh bo cuc gi nh.
+ CRBT (Colour Ringback Tone): H thng nhc chung ch.
+ BGM (Backgroud Music): H thng nhc nn.
+ GPRS (General Packet Radio Service 2.5G): 172Kb/s (EDGE 2.75G: 384Kb/s).
II. Mng PSTN Viettel.
1. S cu trc mng PSTN ca Viettel (hnh 2.1).
2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng PSTN.
Mng PSTN Viettel c chia thnh 5 lp gm: Lp User, Lp Access, Lp
Application, Lp core, Lp Gateway. Chc nng ca cc lp nh sau:
+ Lp User: lp ngi s dng gm cc my u cui nh: my in
thoi, my Fax, modem.

21

+ Lp Access: bao gm cc b Host(cc tng i ni ht) v cc b tp

rung thu bao. Cung cp dch v thoi truyn thng cho cc thu bao trong mt
khu vc
+ Lp Distribution: Gm cc b Tandem tnh thc hin vn chuyn lu
lng v nh tuyn v gia Lp Application vi Lp core(nh tuyn ra) v gia
Lp Application vi Lp Access.
+ Lp core: Gm cc Toll/tandem khu vc thc hin vn chuyn lu
lng v nh tuyn gia cc khu vc vi nhau. Gateway: thc hin chc nng l
giao din kt ni gia mng PSTN Viettel vi cc mng khc, n thc hin nh
tuyn lung thng tin t mng ch ti mng khch v ngc li.

Ngoi
mng

Mng
Quc t
Gateway

Gateway
Toll/Tandem
Khu vc

Core Layer
HNI

NG

HCM

Distribution Layer

Tandem/Tnh

Access Layer

Host/ b tp trung thu bao

Host

RSUD

RSUD

RSUD

User Layer
Hnh 2.2: S cu trc phn lp mng PSTN Viettel
22

III. Mng Internet Viettel

1. S cu trc mng Internet Viettel (hnh 2.3).
Mng Internet Viettel c th c chia thnh 05 lp gm: Lp ngi s
dng(User Layer), Lp truy nhp (Access Layer), Lp phn phi (Distribution layer),
Lp li (Core Layer) v Lp cng kt ni (Application layer).
2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng Internet.
Chc nng ca cc lp nh sau:
- User Layer: L cc thit b u cui ni vo DSLAM nh modem.
- Access Layer: gm thit b DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access
Multiplexer) L thit b ghp knh truy nhp ng dy thu bao s m bo cho cc
dch v xDSL, DSLAM l thit b t ti pha nh cung cp dch v v l im kt
cui ca cc kt ni ADSL. N cho php kt ni vi internet qua ng dy in thoi
vi tc cao. Cung cp cc dch v truy nhp Internet xDSL, dch v thu knh ring
(leased line) v cc dch v gi tr gia tng khc (Value added Service)
- Distribution Layer: Bao gm Agg _Sw l thit b chuyn mch c chc nng
thu thp tn hiu t nhiu ngun d liu (nhiu port) da trn cc c tnh khc nhau v
d nh tc (10/100Mbps), cng ngh (Ethernet, PoS: Packet over SDH) v giao
thc (IP, UDP)...thnh knh d liu ln hn (ti cng uplink).
- Core Layer: thc hin chc nng chuyn mch ni vng v nh tuyn chuyn
cc lung thng tin c kt cui sang vng khc hoc mng khc ln lp Gateway
lp ny thc hin chuyn lung thng tin ti ch n.

23

Quc t

Chat,mail,
web,

Application Layer

HCM

ROUTER
CORE

Core Layer

HNI

GGSN
Trong lp Core ca
mng di ng

VDC,
mng
khc,.

NG

BRAS
FE, GE

Distribution Layer

ATM
Switch
n*E1

IP
Switch
FE, GE

Access Layer
DSLAM

User Layer
Mng Internet

Hnh 2.3: S cu trc phn lp mng Internet Viettel

BRAS: my ch iu khin truy nhp bng rng t xa, thc hin cc chc nng
iu khin cc hot ng truy nhp vo mng, cp a ch IP v nhn thc ngi s
dng
Router: l b nh tuyn, thc hin chc nng l giao din kt ni gia cc mng
khc nhau, n thc hin nh tuyn lung thng tin t mng ch ti mng khch v
ngc li nhn lung tin t mng khch phn b ti cc a ch ni mng tng ng.
- Application Layer: thc hin chc nng l giao din kt ni gia cc mng
khc nhau, n thc hin nh tuyn lung thng tin t mng ch ti mng khch v
ngc li nhn lung tin t mng khch phn b ti cc a ch ni mng tng ng.
IV. Mng truyn dn Viettel.
1. S cu trc mng truyn dn ca Viettel (hnh 2.4).
Mng truyn dn ca Viettel cng c cu trc phn lp v c chia thnh 4 lp:
+ Lp Truy nhp (Access Layer) gm cc trm BTS, DSLAM, Host PSTN...
+ Lp Hi t (Convergence Layer) hay cn gi l lp ni Tnh.
+ Lp Li (Core Layer) hay cn gi l Lp lin Tnh
+ Lp trc Quc gia (National Backbone Layer).
24

Hnh 2.4: S cu trc phn lp mng truyn dn Viettel

2. Chc nng ca cc thnh phn trong mng truyn dn.

+ Lp truy nhp (Access Layer): Chc nng kt ni trc tip vi cc im
dch v: BTS, DSLAM, RSU, Khch hng thu knh...
- Cng ngh: SDH.
- Dung lng: STM-1; STM-4
+ Lp hi t (hay Lp ni tnh - Convergence Layer): Chc nng kt ni lp
li vi lp truy nhp, c chc nng trung chuyn dch v (Phn phi Distribution v
Gom - Grooming) gia lp Core v lp Access
- Cng ngh: SDH.
- Dung lng: STM-16 tr ln.
- ph ni ht cc thnh ph, cc tuyn lin huyn, th x.
+ Lp li (Core layer) hay cn gi l Lp lin Tnh: Chc nng tp trung lu
lng dch v ti cc Tnh, chuyn ti v cc trung tm dch v ti H ni, Nng,
Tp. H Ch Minh.
- Cng ngh: SDH, tng lai c thm DWDM.
- Dung lng: N x STM-64.
- ph ni ht cc thnh ph ln (HNI, NG, HCM); cc vng ring
lin tnh. Hin ti mi tnh c 02 Node Core SDH STM-64.
+ Lp trc Quc gia (National Backbone Layer): Chc nng kt ni lu lng cc
vng min, truyn ti dch v Bc - Nam, kt ni cc hng i Quc t.
- Cng ngh ch yu DWDM tc cao.
- Dung lng: N x STM-64, dung lng ti a 400 Gbit/s.
25

- ph ng trc Bc - Nam (t HNI HCM); cc vng ring quc t:

HNI LSN MCI; HCM VTU CTO. di t LSN CTO.
V. S kt ni tng th mng Vin thng Viettel theo cu
trc phn lp
1. S kt ni (hnh 2.5).
2. Lung lu lng.

26

Mng ngoi:
VNPT,EVN, Qun
s..

SMS, MCA, CRBT,..

Application
Layer

in thoi Quc t
Quc
t

IGw

HCM

G-MGW
GMSC

MSC Server

IP/MPLS

ROUTER
CORE

GGSN

HLR
MGW1

Core Layer

NG

MSC
E1/STM1

Data

SGSN

HNI
E1/STM1

RNC

NG

BRAS

10Mb/s

Distribution
Layer

VDC,
mng
khc,.

HNI

Toll Khu vc

STM1/GE

MGW2

Chat,mail,
web,.

BSC

FE, GE

HCM
ATM
Switch

Tandem/Tnh

E1

Access Layer

n*E1

IP
Switch
FE, GE

Host
DSLAM
NodeB

BTS

RSUD

B tp trung thu bao

User Layer
UE

MS

Mng PSTN

Mng Internet

Mng di ng
Hnh 2.5: S kt ni tng th mng vin thng Viettel hin ti(co th thay i theo quy m mng v cng ngh).
27

* Cc trng hp lung lu lng (traffic fllow)

(co th thay i ph thuc vo chnh sch nh tuyn ca tng giai on).
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao di ng Viettel sang thu bao c nh Viettel cng vng:
o MSBTSBSCMSCGMSC tandemHostPhone.
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao di ng Viettel sang thu bao Homephone khc vng:
Hin nay s tng i Softwitch (MSS) chim 80% tng s tng i di ng trn
mng, lu lng mng li di ng truyn ti trn nn IP (MBPN) chim 85%. C 2
phng thc nh tuyn cho tng i MSC s dng TDM v MSS s dng IP:
o MSC s dng TDM: MS BTS BSC MSC GMSC vng 1
GMSC vng 2 MSC BSC BTS HP.
o MSS s dng IP: MS BTS BSC MSS GMSC vng 2 MSC
BSC BTS HP.
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao Homephone n thu bao di ng Viettel cng vng.
o TH 1, cng MSC: HP BTS BSC MSC BSC BTS MS.
o TH 2, khc MSC, MSS s dng IP: HP BTS BSC MSS MSS#
BSC BTS MS.
o TH 3, khc MSC, MSC s dng TDM: HP BTS BSC MSC
GMSC MSC# BSC BTS MS.
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao di ng Viettel sang thu bao di ng Vinaphone:
o MS viettel BTS BSC MSC GMSC viettel GMSC vina
MSC BSC BTS MS vina. ( vng no nh tuyn n vng ).
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao di ng Viettel sang thu bao c nh ca VNPT.
o TH 1, cc tnh tr HNI, HCM: MS viettel BTS BSC MSC GMSC
viettel Tandem tnh viettel Tamdem tnh vnpt host C vnpt.
o TH 2, HNI, HCM: MS viettel BTS BSC MSC GMSC viettel
Tandem HNI/HCM vnpt host C VNPT.
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao c nh Viettel ti tnh A n thu bao c nh ca
VNPT ti tnh B khc vng.
o C viettel A Host Tandem viettel A Toll viettel vng 1 Toll
viettel vng 2 Tandem viettel B Tamdem vnpt B host C vnpt
VI. M hnh t chc b my k thut hnh iu hnh mng
Viettel Telecom
(hnh 2.6).
(co th thay i theo tng giai oan pht trin)

28

29

Hnh 2.6: M HNH T CHC B MY K THUT IU HNH MNG VIETTEL TELECOM

NM 2010
Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 214 /Q-VTQ-TCNL ngy 25/01/2010 ca TG Tp on VTQ
GIM C

PG

PG Quy hoch

PG H Tng

PG Cng ngh

Phng
Ti chnh

Phng
TC L

Phng
K thut
Nghip v

Phng
u t

Phng
Kinh doanh

Phng
C in

Phng
H Tng

Phng Khoa
hc Cng ngh

Phng
CNTT

-TP.TC.
- K ton..
- Th qu.

-B. T chc
BC;
-B.
nh
gi ;
-B.
Tin
lng, .
-B.
Chnh
Phng
sch;
Hnhto,
-o
ISO.
chnh

1.Ban Quy
hoch
2.
Ban
Qun
l
cht lng
3.Ban Tiu
chun Vin
thng.
4. Ban tch
hp
gii
php.
5.
Ban
Nghip v.

1. Ban D
n
2. Ban
u t
3. Ban
Thm
nh php
l.

1. Ban Kinh
doanh.
2. Ban Dch
v ni dung
3. Ban Hp
tc, chia s
h tng.

1. Ban in
Lnh
2. Ban in
cng nghip.
3. Ban Qun
l my pht
in

1. Ban XD
c bn.
2.Ban Gim
st, nghim
thu.
3.Ban Hon
cng.

1. Ban Sng
kin, tng
2. Ban nghin
cu Tiu
chun mi.
3. Ban nghin
cu Gii php
mi.
4. LAB

1. Ban Quy
hoch
DCNTT
2. Ban An
ton
thng tin.
3. Ban H
tr khai
thc CNTT.

Phng
QL
Ti
sn
- B. QLTS.
- B. Bo hnh
sa cha.
- B.KCS.
-B.
nh
mc.

-B. Vtn th.

- B. Hnh
chnh.
- B. Xe.
- V binh

Phng
K hoch

Phng
Chnh tr

-B. K
hoch, tng
hp;
-B. Vt t,
thit b ;
-B. iu hnh
xy dnghtng.

Phng
KS ni b

Trung tm
KTCNTT

1. P. Tnh cc.
2. P. Trc khai
thc.
3. P. Qun tr h
thng.
4. P. Qun l ng
dng
5. P. Tng hp

PG Khai thc

PG Ti u

Phng
V tuyn

Phng
Mng Li

Phng
iu hnh
Vin thng
(NOC)

Phng
Truyn dn

1. Ban 2G.
2. Ban 3G.
3. Ban
KSCL

1. Ban
NSS
2. Ban
BSS.
3. Ban
Quc t.
4. Ban IN
5. Ban
VAS

(2. Ban BSS

1. Ban NSS

1. Ban
TK,T
truyn dn.
2. Ban H
tr khai
thc

3. Ban
Truyn dn
4. Ban VAS IN
5. Ban INOC
6. Ban IT.
7. Ban PSTN
8. Ban H
tr

Trung tm Khu
vc 1

Trung tm Khu
vc 2

Trung tm Khu
vc 3

1. P. VHKT.
2. P.Thit k, Ti
u.
3. P. NOC.
4. P. Truyn dn.
5. P. Qun l
tnh.
6. P. Qun l ti
sn.
7. P. KT nghip v
8. P. Xy dng H
tng
9. P. VAS - IN
10. P. TCLD-HC
11. P. K hoch

1. P. VHKT.
2. P.Thit k, Ti
u.
3. P. NOC.
4. P. Truyn dn.
5. P. Qun l
tnh.
6. P. Qun l ti
sn.
7. P. KT nghip v
8. P. Xy dng H
tng
9. P. TCL-HC.
10. P. K hoch.

1. P. VHKT.
2. P.Thit k, Ti
u.
3. P. NOC.
4. P. Truyn dn.
5. P. Qun l
tnh.
6. P. Qun l ti
sn.
7. P. KT nghip v
8. P. Xy dng H
tng
9. P. VAS - IN
10. P. TCL-HC
11. P.. K hoch.

30

CHNG III. THUT NG THNG DNG TRONG MNG VIN THNG

I. Thut ng trong mng di ng.
1. TRX (TRE):
B thu pht ca trm gc (BTS). Mi TRX bao gm 8 khe thi gian (TS), thng
thng: 1 khe thi gian s dng cho bo hiu, 7 khe thi gian s dng cho thoi.
2. Knh lu lng (con gi l knh TCH):
Khi c cu c gi ca khch hng th cu c gi s c mang i trn knh ny.
Knh Full Rate -FH: Khi 1 thu bao dng 1 knh TCH th gi l knh FR.
Knh Half Rate-HR: Khi 2 thu bao dng chung 1 knh TCH - gi l knh HR
3. Knh SDCCH:
L 1 knh bo hi u quan trng, s dng trong cc trng hp sau:
Khi khch hng gi/nh n tin nhn, tin nhn s c mang i trn knh ny.
Khi my ca khch hng t ng thng bo v tr cho mng bit (thng gi l
c p nh p v tr)
Khi khch hng thc hi n cu c gi, knh ny s c s dng cho vi c trao
i, thng bo qua li gia mng v my ca khch hng, trc khi khch hng c
cp 1 knh lu lng.
4. TU (Traffic Utilisation):
Hiu sut s dng ti nguyn v tuyn (Cell, BTS, cc KV, ton mng), c
tnh theo cng thc:
TU = 100*(Lu lng thc t gi cao im/Lu lng c kh nng h tr).
Trong :
- Lu lng thc t gi cao im c ly t s liu thng k hng ngy.
- Lu lng c kh nng h tr c tra bng ErlangB ng vi s knh TCH
Full Rate (FR) v cp dch v (GoS) l 2%.
TU c s dng nh gi hiu sut s dng ti nguyn mng v nh gi
nghn ca cc Cell.
5. Gi peak:
L gi m lu lng ca mng ln nht (thng l gi thu bao gi nhiu nht
khong 7h8h ti KV1).
6. GoS (Grade of Service):
L t l nghn cu c gi cho php trn mng.
V d: GoS = 2% th nu c 100 cu c gi, cho php nghn 2 cu c.
7. T l cuc gi c thit lp thnh cng (CSSR):
CSSR = s cu c gi thit l p c / tng s cu c gi cn thit l p.
8. T l rt cuc gi (CDR):
CDR = s cu c gi b rt / tng s cu c gi thit l p c.
9. T l knh SDCCH b rt (SDR)
SDR = s knh SDCCH b rt / tng s knh SDCCH thit l p c.

31

10. T l knh SDCCH b nghen (SCR):

SCR = s yu cu cp knh SDCCH nhng khng c/tng s yu cu cp
knh SDCCH.
11. T l knh TCH b nghen (TCR):
TCR = s yu cu cp knh TCH nhng khng c / tng s yu cu cp knh
TCH (thng c tnh trong gi peak)
12. T l chuyn giao thnh cng (HOSR):
HOSR = s ln thu bao di chuyn thnh cng t cell ny sang cell khc/tng
s ln yu cu di chuyn.
13. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng v tuyn di ng (TF):
L tng thi gian trm BTS (TRX) b gin on dch v trong ngy.
n v tnh: BTS*h hoc TRX*h.
Ch tiu (co th thay i theo thi gian):
18/2/16 E1*h (Ton mng/ HNI+HCM/Tnh cn li)
Phng php xc nh: thng k ton b s c trong vng 24 gi ng h.
Cch tnh : TF = ni*Ti
(3.1)
14. Gc Tilt: l gc ngng/cp ca anten.
C 3 loi tilt hay nhc ti (minh ho hnh di):
+ Tilt c: l tilt chnh bng tay, dng Cl v n
+ Tilt i n
: tilt m anten c chnh sn bn trong
(vd nh tilt i n bng 6 th coi nh anten nghing sn 6o ri)
+ Tilt tng = tilt c + tilt i n

Hnh 3.1: Cch xc nh goc tilt tng

15. Gc Azimuth:
L hng ph ca anten, so vi hng bc theo chiu kim ng h, n v l .
V d gc azimuth ca cell 1 v cell 2 nh hnh 3.2 di y.
16. cao antenna.
cao antenna l khong cch theo phng thng ng t y antenna GSM
n mt t.

32

Hnh 3.2: Cch xc nh goc azimuth ca Cell.

17. Mc thu cng tn hiu (Rxlev).

L mc cng tn hiu thu c ti MS (ng xung) hoc BTS (ng
ln).
n v: dBm hoc W (watt).
RxLev cng ln th hin mc thu cng tt v ngc li.
Khong gi tr: rxlev [t -110 n - 47 dBm], tng ng vi RXLEV [ t 0 n
63]. Vi mc thu rxlev < -110 th gi tr c quy i RXLEV = 0, vi nhng mc thu
rxlev > - 47 th gi tr c quy i RXLEV = 63.
Viettel nh ngha rxlev outdoor < -80 dBm (RXLEV =30) l sng yu.
18. Thu bao attach:
L thu bao ang b t my m h thng tng i ang qun l.
19. Thu bao registered:
L thu bao attach ho c thu bao attach va tt my cha qu 24h.
20. S thu bao detach (thu bao ri mng):
Thu bao ri mng = Tng s thu bao registered Tng s thu bao attach
21. BHCA (Busy hour call attempt):
L s lng cuc gi (thnh cng v khng thnh cng) c thc hin trong
gi peak trong ngy.
22. MHT (Mean Holding Time):
L thi gian tnh t lc thu bao nhc my ti khi gc my.
23. kh dng ca mng (D)
L t l thi gian trong mng sn sng cung cp dch v cho khch hng,
c tnh trong vng 24 gi ng h. 99.98%
Phng php xc nh: thng k ton b s c trong vng 24 gi ng h.
D = 1- (Tng (BTS*Tmt lin lc)) *100%
Tng s BTS*60*24

(3.2)

33

II. Thut ng mng ADSL.

1. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line):
L k thut dng cc phng php iu ch tn hiu khc nhau truyn tn
hiu s (gi) trn ng dy in thoi (cp ng). xDSL vit tt cho mt h cc cng
ngh gm ADSL, VDSL, HDSL...
2. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng ADLS v PSTN (TF):
L tng thi gian thu bao b gin on dch v trong ngy (t 17h ngy hm
trc n 17h ngy hm sau). i vi mng ADSL: do li phn mng truy nhp t
DSLAM ti mng core gy ra. i vi mng PSTN: do li phn mng truy nhp t
DLU, TF c tnh cho cc s c kt thc trong ngy (i vi s c xy ra ngy hm
trc, kt thc vo ngy hm sau th TF c tnh cho ngy hm sau).
n v tnh: user*h.
3. Tc ng xung v tc ng ln:
L thut ng dng ch tc truyn d liu ng xung (t DSLAM ca
nh cung cp ti modem khch hng) v tc truyn d liu ng ln (t modem
ca khch hng ti DSLAM ca nh cung cp dch v). n v o l Kbps.
V d:
- Gi dch v Home N c tc ti xung/ti ln ti a l 1024/512Kbps.
- Home E c tc ti xung / ti ln ti a l 1536/512 Kbps..
4. S c ng dy thu bao (i vi ADSL v PSTN):
L s s c do mng ngoi vi ca nh cung cp dch v xy trong ngy.
Ch tiu v s c ng dy c tnh bng 0,5 s s c trn 1000 Thu
bao/ngy.
5. T l sa cha ng dy thu bao trong 6h:
L t l s c c sa cha trong 6h so vi tng s tip nhn s c cn sa
cha. Thi gian sa cha c tnh t lc Doanh nghip cung cp dch v nhn c
thng bo h hng ca khch hng ti khi sa cha song (cc s c pht sinh t 16h
hm trc ti 8h sng ngy hm sau c tnh bt u t 8h hm sau).
Yu cu hin nay t l sa cha ng dy thu bao trong 6h l 95 %
6. Thi gian thit lp dch v:
L thi gian t lc Doanh nghip cung cp dch v v khch hng k hp ng
cho ti khi khch hng s dng c dch v.
Ch tiu: 2 ngy cho ton mng, v 90% s yu cu.
III. Thut ng mng truyn dn.
1. Thi lng gin on thng tin mng Truyn dn (TF):
L tng thi gian gin on lung E1 xy ra trong ngy, tun, thng i vi
tng cp mng khc nhau do cc s c gy nn.
n v tnh: E1*h/ngy (cp ni ht);
E1*h/tun (cp lin tnh);
E1*h/thng (cp ng trc quc gia).
Ch tiu(co th thay i theo thi gian):
Ton mng: 30E1*h/ngy.
Ni ht:
25E1*h/ngy.
34

Lin tnh:
15E1*h/tun.
Trc quc gia: 10E1*h/thng.
2. Nhy lung:
L vic mt lung E1 ca 1 trm BTS trong thi gian 1 pht.
Ch tiu v nhy lung (NL):
- Trm quang: NL 8 ln nhy/thng/trm.
- Trm Viba: NL 9 ln nhy/thng/trm.
3. Lung E1:
L lung s c tc 2,048 Mbit/s
4. Lung STM-1:
L lung Truyn dn quang SDH c tc 155 Mbit/s.
5. Lung STM - n (n = 4, 16, 64):
L lung Truyn dn quang c tc n x 155 Mbit/s.
6. SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy):
H thng phn cp s ng b.
7. DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing):
H thng ghp knh phn chia theo bc sng mt cao.
IV. Cc n v o lng trong vin thng: VSWR, dB, dBm,
dBi, Erl.
1. T s sng ng in p (VSWR):
VSWR - Voltage Standing Wave Ratio l gi tr o s nh hng ca vic khng
phi hp gia tr khng u cui ca ng ten v tr khng c trng ca ng truyn
dn. VSWR l mt cch tt m t nh hng ca tr khng u cui v bng thng
ca ng ten. N xut hin khi tr khng khng tng thch gia cc phn t trong h
thng RF. VSWR c gy ra bi tn hiu RF b phn x ti im tr khng khng
tng thch trn ng truyn tn hiu.
2. dB:
L mt n v hm logarit ca php o m n din t ln ca i lng
vt l (thng l cng sut hoc cng ) lin quan ti mt mc tham chiu c
a ra.
3. dBi:
L cng sut dB m n c lin quan ti mt ngun ng hng. dBi c
s dng trong truyn dn din t li hoc suy hao cng sut gia u vo v u
ra thit b. dBi l mt n v o li ca ng ten.
4. Erlang (Erl):
L n v o ca lu lng (Traffic), cng thc tnh Erl nh sau: A

nt
(3.3)
T

Trong : A l lu lng o bng Erl, n l s cuc gi, t l thi gian gi cuc

gi trung bnh, T thi gian o (thng T = 3600s).
V d: Trung bnh trong 1 gi thu bao di ng thc hin 1 cuc gi (n=1) v
thi gian gi cuc gi l 60s. Erl ca 1 thu bao l:
A = 1.60/3600 0.017Erl = 17 (mErl).

35

Cc chi tiu cht lng mng li, dch v c th hin trong cc b tiu chun
cht lng ca Tng Cng ty.
CHNG IV.
M T CHUNG CNG VIC CA NHN VIN K THUT VIN THNG
I. Vai tr chuyn mn.
Bao gm:
+ Quy hoch.
+ Thit k.
+ Trin khai.
+ Khai thc.
+ Ti u.
Cho cc h tng mng li cung cp cc dch v Vin thng trn a bn Tnh
bao gm : Di ng, ADSL/PSTN, Truyn dn (th hin nh hnh v 4.1).

1. Quy hoch mng: bao gm 6 vic sau:

- Nm c phn b c dn v a hnh trn ton Tnh.
- Phi hp vi b phn Kinh doanh nh gi v d on nhu cu s dng dch
v vin thng trn a bn Tnh trong cc giai on.
- Nm c cu trc mng di ng trn a bn Tnh.
- Nm c hin trng vng ph mng di ng hin ti trn a bn Tnh.
- Nm c mc s dng ti nguyn ca mng li.
- a ra xut v cu trc mng li, b xung ti nguyn cho Tnh theo nh
k v t xut.
2. Thit k mng.
2.1. Mng di ng
- Thit k danh nh trm BTS.
- Kho st v thit k trm BTS.
- Kim tra, tch hp v a trm BTS mi vo hot ng.
- Cp nht v qun l c s d liu trm BTS.
2.2. Mng ADSL/PSTN.
- Kho st a bn, tnh ton vng phc v.
- Thit k tuyn cp
36

- Thit k nh trm.
- Lp d ton trnh thm nh.
- Theo di khi thit k c thm nh.
2.3. Mng truyn dn.
- Kho st s b tuyn cp.
- Kho st cc tuyn Viba.
- Kho st cc trm VSAT.
- Kho st thit k nh trm.
- Thit k cc tuyn Viba.
- Thit k cc tuyn cp
- Tnh ton s lng vng Ring, s Node/Ring, cu hnh u ni.
- Tnh ton dung lng cc vng ring.
- Thit k cng sut thu ca cc tuyn.
- Tnh ton cu hnh tng Node.
- Lp th tc thm nh, ph duyt thit k.
3. Trin khai.
3.1. Trin khai mng di ng gm c 3 vic sau:
- Gim st cht lng xy lp trm BTS.
- Kim tra cht lng lp t trm BTS.
- Nghim thu cng trnh trm BTS.
3.2. Trin khai mng ADSL/PSTN gm c 6 vic sau:
- Thc hin cc cng vic k thut trong vic i thu chn i tc thi cng.
- Chun b vt t.
- Lp k hoch thi cng trin khai.
- Theo di, gim st thi cng.
- Lp h s hon cng.
- Thanh quyt ton v a vo s dng.
3.3. Trin khai mng truyn dn gm c 5 vic sau:
- Chun b cc th tc cho qu trnh thi cng, lp t.
- Gim st thi cng cc tuyn cc tuyn cp.
- Lp t h thng thit b.
- Nghim thu cc tuyn cp.
- Hon cng, thanh quyt ton.
4. Khai thc.
Khai thc mng = Trc gim st/CTT + Bo dng + Nng cp.
4.1. Khai thc mng di ng bao gm cc vic sau:
+ Gim st/CTT v nng cp cu hnh trm:
- CTT trm BTS (mt in, mt lung, li Card, cht trm).
- Nng, gim cu hnh trm BTS.
+ Bo dng trm BTS:
- Bo qun, bo dng phn v nh trm.
- Bo qun, bo dng phng my.
37

- Bo qun, bo dng h thng ct Anten.

- Bo qun, bo dng h thng n bo cao.
- Bo qun, bo dng Antenna-Feeder GSM v Viba
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng thot st ngoi tri.
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng bi tip a;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng lm mt;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng ngun AC;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng ngun DC;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng c quy;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng tip t, chng st bn trong trm;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng thit b thu, pht sng di ng;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng thit b Viba;
- Bo qun, bo dng h thng thit b quang;
4.2. Khai thc mng ASDL/PSTN bao gm cc vic sau:
+ ng cu thng tin khi mt in.
- Chun b dng c.
- Tip nhn thng tin mt in, iu ng lc lng CTT.
- Chy my n.
- Ghi nht k.
+ ng cu thng tin khi li thit b(thay Card DSLAM, PSTN).
- Card thu bao.
- Card iu khin.
- Trm mt gim st.
+ ng cu thng tin khi t cp quang.
- Chun b dng c.
- Trc tip nhn s c.
- Kim tra xc nh nguyn nhn.
- o, hn cp.
- Kt thc.
+ X l ng dy thu bao, s c khch hng.
-Theo di, tip nhn thng tin s c.
- iu ng nhn lc.
- Theo di n c thc hin.
+ Bo dng.
- Tun tra tuyn cp.
- Ghi chp s c.
- Lp k hoch sa cha, nng cp.
4.3. Khai thc mng truyn dn bao gm c 14 vic sau:
- Trc gim st h thng.
- CTT t cp quang.
- CTT mt in AC(chy my n).
- Tun tra tuyn cp.
38

- R sot, cng c mng li.

- Gim st cht lng mng Truyn dn ti tnh.
- Cp nht s mng li Truyn dn ti tnh hng thng.
- Phng chng bo lt.
- m bo mng li cho cc dp L, Tt.
- Bo dng cc tuyn cp treo s 8.
- Bo dng cc tuyn cp treo ADSS.
- Bo dng cc tuyn cp chn.
- Bo dng phng my v cc thit b ph tr.
- Bo dng thit b truyn dn.
* Cc gii php chnh ci thi n ch tiu E1*h:
- X l tnh trng vng ring chung cp, chung tuyn ct.
- D phng ngun DC 1 + 1, d phng thit b v chia ti ti cc trm c
nhiu dch v.
- X l cc chui 5E1, vu hi cc trm Hub 5E1.
- Tng cng tun tra, bo v, bo dng tuyn cp gim s c t
cp.
* Cc gii php chnh ci thi n ch tiu BTS*h:
+ Trang b y trang thit b cng c UCTT.
+ T chc b my UCTT phn b hp l trn a bn Tnh.
+ Thng xuyn tun tra bo dng cc tuyn cp.
+ Thng xuyn kim tra bo dng trm BTS, c bi t l h thng
ngun.
+ B sung y my n v c ng tc vin chy my n cho cc trm
BTS theo ng theo quy nh.
+ o to nng cao trnh chuyn mn cho nhn vin k thu t tnh..
5. Ti u mng: bao gm 6 vic sau:
- Theo di v v nh gi cht lng mng di ng trn a bn Tnh.
- Thc hin ti u mng li hng ngy, bao gm:
+ Xc nh v a ra cc bin php x l li phn cng trm BTS.
+ Phn tch v nh gi chung v cht lng mng.
+ Xc nh cc vn v Cell ti cn x l.
+ Phn tch v a ra cc bin php x l.
+ Theo di v nh gi cc hnh ng ti u.
+ Bo co cht lng mng.
- Theo di, nh gi v bo co cht lng mng hng tun.
- Theo di, nh gi v bo co cht lng mng hng thng.
- Ti u ti trm BTS.
- o Driving test nh gi cht lng mng theo theo nh k.
II. Vai tr qun l
1. Qun l ti nguyn mng li
1.1. Mng v tuyn di ng:
39

Nm c tng s trm BTS, s TRX ang pht sng, ang trin khai, ang
trong kho d phng. Hiu sut s dng ti nguyn TRX (TU) ca cc trm ang pht
sng.
1.2. Mng truyn dn:
Nm c s node truyn dn quang, cc im h knh t ng trc lin tnh,
trc quc gia, dung lng cc tuyn, node truyn dn, tng s chiu di Km cp, s
lng si mi tuyn (s lng si ang dng/tng s; s si trao i vi i tc...), s
lung ang khai thc, s tuyn Viba, s trm VSAT c v ang trin khai trong tnh.
S mng truyn dn trong Tnh. S lng thit b, card, vt t d phng c trong
kho.
1.3. Mng ADSL v PSTN:
Nm c s Tng i PSTN, DLU, DSLAM ang trin ang trin khai trn
mng. Hiu sut s dng thit b PSTN v ADSL (port) ang trin khai.
2. Qun l cht lng mng
2.1. Mng v tuyn di ng:
Nm v hiu cc ch tiu KPI c bn nh gi mng di ng (CDR, CSSR,
HOSR, Nghn TCH) v cc mc tiu tng ng vi tng ch tiu .
Nm c cht lng mng hng ngy thng qua bo co ca TTKTVT tnh.
Nm c tnh hnh s c v khc phc s c mng di ng hng ngy
(BTS*h).
a ra cc yu cu tc ng nng cao cht lng mng li.
2.2. Mng truyn dn:
Nm v hiu c cc ch tiu KPI c bn nh gi mng Truyn dn ( kh
dng, thi lng gin on thng tin E1*h, thi gian khc phc s c, Performance
ca h thng...).
Nm c cc s c Truyn dn hng ngy v tnh hnh khc phc s c hng
ngy: Cc yu t gy nn s c Truyn dn, cc cng tc x l s c, mc u tin x
l s c (Truyn dn u tin x l trc) t a ra cc phng n, hnh ng, iu
hnh k thut nhm gim s c, gim thi gian x l nng cao cht lng mng
li ca tnh.
Cc quy hoch mng Truyn dn cho tnh.
Kh nng vu hi tuyn, d phng thit b, card.
2.3. Mng ADSL v PSTN:
Nm c cht lng hng ngy thng qua bo co ca TTKTVT tnh theo cc
ch tiu: S s c ng dy thu bao/1000TB/ngy 0,5 s c, t l s c ng dy
thu bao c khc phc trong 6h (yu cu > 95%).
Nm c v phn loi s c lm nh hng ti cht lng mng (thng qua
thi lng gin on thng tin).
Nm c tnh hnh s c v s liu s c khc phc v s s c cn tn
hng ngy ca mng PSTN v ADSL hng ngy.
3. Qun l ti sn
Ti sn l ton b vt t, trang thit b, cng dng c do TCT mua sm phc
v hat ng sn xut kinh doanh. Qun l ti sn l nghip v qun l ton b ti sn
do n v thay mt TCT qun l ti sn c s dng ng mc ch, khng mt
40

mt, sn sng p ng c nhu cu s dng trn mng li, m bo thng sut cc

dch v do TCT cung cp.
Mc tiu ca qun l ti sn nhm:
- Theo di c vt t, trang thit b, cng dng c ang lp t, vn
hnh, s dng ti n v: s lng bao nhiu, t u, cn b no ang qun
l trc tip.
- Theo di c qu trnh s dng ti sn: tnh trng, cht lng nh th
no? T l hng hc l bao nhiu?
4. Qun l khch hng:
Khch hng PSTN, Internet, khch hng doanh nghip thu knh truyn ring.
Nm c danh sch tn, a ch, dch v ang s dng ca khch hng m khu
vc mnh qun l khi c s c v k thut xy ra th nhn vin k thut phi khi
phc li cho khch hng trong mt thi gian ngn nht lun to cho khch hng s
tho mi v hi lng nht.
III. Mi quan h:
- Mi quan h ni b: mi quan h vi cc u mi cng vic vi cc c quan, chi
nhnh trong Tng Cng ty.
- Mi quan h vi bn ngoi:
+ Vi cc S, Ban Ngnh a phng.
+ Vi cc i tc.
+ Vi cc n v Qun s.

41

PH LC I: NGN HNG CU HI
I. Ngn hng cu hi trc nghim:
TT

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.
9.

Ni dung cu hi

Phng n tr li

Mt trung k s E1 c tc A. 1,544Mbps
truyn:
B. 2,048Mbps
C. 128Kbps
Khong cch knh trong A. 45 MHz
cng ngh GSM l bao B. 25 KHz
nhiu?
C. 200 KHz
Cng ngh 3G c vit A. Third Generate
tt ca cm t no?
technology.
B. Third Generation
technology.
C. Third General
technology.
Trm thu pht sng ca A. BSC.
mng thng tin di ng B. BTS.
2G l trm:
C. MSC.
D. GMSC.
Trm thu pht sng ca A. NodeB.
mng thng tin di ng B. RNC.
3G l trm:
C. MSC.
D. GMSC
T SIM c vit tt ca A. Subscriber
cm t no sau y?
Identity Module
B. Subscriber
Identify Module.
C. Subscriber
Identifier Module.
Mng thng tin di ng A. 900 - 1900Mhz.
2G Viettel s dng cc B. 800 - 1900Mhz
bng tn no sau y?
C. 900 - 1800Mhz
D. 800 - 1800Mhz.
Mng thng tin di ng A. 1800 - 1900Mhz.
3G Viettel s dng bng B. 2110-2170 MHz
tn no sau y?
C. 900 - 1800Mhz
D. 1930-1990 Mhz.
ADSL c vit tt ca A. Asymmetric

i
p tng tr
n
li cu
hi
NVKT
B

NVKT,
i tng
khc
NVKT,
i tng
khc

Mc

kh
1

NVKT,
i tng
khc

NVKT,
i tng
khc

NVKT,
i tng
khc

i
tng
khc

NVKT,
i tng
khc

NVKT,

1
42

TT

Ni dung cu hi
cm t no?

10.

11.

Trong cc node VLR,

MSC, GMSC, HLR,STP
d liu ca thu bao c
lu tr :
Mng PSTN ca Viettel
c cu trc bao nhiu lp?
PSTN c vit tt ca
cm t no?

12.

13.

H thng bo hiu s 7 s
dng phng thc bo
hiu no?

Trong nhng pht biu sau

pht biu no ng v
nhng li ch ca tng i
Softswitch?
14.

15.

Trong mng thng tin di

ng 3G ca Viettel s

Phng n tr li
Digital Subscriber
Line.
B.Asymmetry
Digital Subscriber
Line.
C.Asymmetrical
Digital Subscriber
Line.
A. HLR v VLR
B. Ch HLR
C. Ch VLR
D. Tt c cc node
trn
A. 4 lp.
B. 5 lp.
C. 6 lp.
A. Public Switched
Telephone Network.
B. Public Signalling
Telephone Network.
C. Public Signal
Telephone Network.
A. Tng t DC
B. Bo hiu knh
chung.
C. Bo hiu knh
lin kt.
A. H tr ng thi
cng ngh GSM v
WCDMA trong
cng mt node
B. Tit kim chi ph
truyn dn.
C. Pooling MSC
Server.
D. C 3 phng n
trn.
A. WCDMA
B. HSDPA.

i
p tng tr
n
li cu
hi
i tng
khc

Mc

kh

NVKT
A

NVKT,
i tng
khc
NVKT,
i tng
khc

NVKT
B

NVKT

NVKT

43

TT

16.

17.

Ni dung cu hi

Phng n tr li

dng cng ngh no sau C. HSUPA.

y?
D. HSPA
Tr truyn dn t trm A. 250 ms.
mt t ln v tinh l bao B. 125 ms.
nhiu?
C. 150 ms.

Mc

kh

NVKT
A

Trong cc di tn s sau, A. 30KHz - 300KHz

di tn no dng cho B. 3MHz - 300MHZ
Viba?
C. 3GHz - 30GHz

Hin ti Viettel c bao A. 3 ng.

nhiu ng trc cp B. 4 ng.
18. quang Bc-Nam?
C. 5 ng.
D. 6 ng.
II. Ngn hng cu hi t lun.

i
p tng tr
n
li cu
hi

2
NVKT,
i tng
khc
NVKT,
i tng
khc

i
tng
tr li
cu hi

M
c
kh

TT

Ni dung cu hi

Gi tr
li

1.

ng ch trnh by li (bng s ) cc
kin thc chung nht v cu trc mng
vin thng (nh trong bi ging).

Mc I,
Chng I

i
tng
khc

2.

ng ch hy cho bit mng vin

thng Viettel s dng cc h thng truyn
dn no? u nhc im ca tng h
thng?

Mc 2, II,
Chng I

i
tng
khc

3.

Mng di ng 2G ca Viettel.
- Hy k tn cc phn t lp li?
- Hy k tn cc phn t lp truy nhp?

Mc I,
Chng II

NVKT

4.

Mng di ng 3G ca Viettel.
- Hy k tn cc phn t lp li?
- Hy k tn cc phn t lp truy nhp?

Mc I,
Chng II

NVKT

5.

Cu trc mng PSTN ca Viettel gm

nhng lp g? Chc nng chnh ca cc
lp?

Mc II,
Chng II

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

44

Gi tr
li

i
tng
tr li
cu hi

M
c
kh

TT

Ni dung cu hi

6.

Cu trc mng Internet ca Viettel gm

nhng lp g? Chc nng chnh ca cc
lp?

Mc III,
Chng II

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

7.

Cu trc mng truyn dn ca Viettel

gm nhng lp g? Chc nng chnh ca
cc lp?

Mc IV,
Chng II

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

8.

ng ch hy v li m hnh phn lp
tng th mng Vin thng Viettel gm
mng Mobile, PSTN, Internet.

Mc 1,V,
Chng II

NVKT

9.

V v trnh by s lung Traffic (lu

lng) cc trng hp sau:
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao di ng
Viettel sang thu bao c nh Viettel
cng vng.
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao di ng
Viettel sang thu bao Homephone
khc vng.
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao
Homephone n thu bao di ng
Viettel cng vng.
- Mt cuc gi t thu bao c nh
Viettel ti tnh A n thu bao c
nh ca Viettel ti tnh B khc
vng.

Mc 2, V
Chng II

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

NVKT

10.

ng ch hy trnh by cc thut ng
c bn, thng dng trong k thut:
- Knh lu lng (knh TCH)
- Erlang (Erl)
- TU.
- Gc Tilt.
- Gc Azimuth.
- S thu bao detach (t.bao ri mng).
- DSLAM.
- S c ng dy thu bao (i vi
ADSL v PSTN).
- T l sa cha ng dy thu bao

Mc I,
Chng III

45

TT

Ni dung cu hi

i
tng
tr li
cu hi

M
c
kh

Mc I,
Chng III

i
tng
khc

Mc I,
Chng III

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

Mc II,
Chng III

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

trong 6h.
Lung E1.
Lung STM-1.
Nhy lung.

Hy nu cc vai tr chuyn mn trong

11.
ngh k thut vin thng.
M t chung vai tr chuyn mn
- Quy hoch mng di ng gm
nhng vic g?
- Thit k mng mng di ng gm
nhng vic g?
- Thit k mng mng ADSL/PSTN
gm nhng vic g?
12.
- Trin khai mng di ng gm
nhng vic g?
- Trin khai mng ADSL/PSTN gm
nhng vic g?
- Khai thc mng di ng gm nhng
vic g?
- Ti u mng mng di ng gm
nhng vic g?
M t chung vai tr qun l
- Qun l ti nguyn mng li
13.
- Qun l cht lng mng
- Qun l khch hng
- Qun l ti sn
14.

Gi tr
li

Trong ngy c 3 s c v truyn dn ni - Mc 13, I,

tnh, tnh A t cp quang lm mt thng Chng III,
tin 10 E1 trong thi gian 2h, tnh B hng
Cng thc
thit b lm mt thng tin 15 E1 trong thi
3.1
gian 60 pht, tnh C t cp quang lm mt - Mc 1, III,
thng tin 20 E1 trong thi gian 90 pht.
Chng III,
- Tnh thi lng gin on thng tin - Mc 1.4.3, I
E1*h ni tnh?
Chng IV
- Vi tnh ton trn c t ch tiu
khng E1*h ni tnh khng ? theo
ng ch gim E1*h th nhn
vin k thut truyn dn cn phi

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

46

TT

Ni dung cu hi

Gi tr
li

i
tng
tr li
cu hi

M
c
kh

NVKT,
i
tng
khc

lm g ?
Trong ngy mng li c 02 s c, s
c th 1 hng thit b lm 1 BTS mt
thng tin trong thi gian 3h, s c th 2 - Mc 13, I,
mt in li lm mt truyn dn quang Chng III,
cp cho 6 BTS trong thi gian 180 pht.
Cng thc
3.1
- Tnh thi lng gin on thng tin
15.
BTS*h ton mng?
- Mc 1, III,
- Vi tnh ton trn, thi lng gin Chng III,
on thng tin BTS*h ton mng c - Mc 1.4.3, I
t ch tiu khng? theo ng ch Chng IV
gim BTS*h th nhn vin k
thut cn phi lm g?
NVKT: Nhn vin k thut.
i tng khc: NV Kinh doanh, NV li xe ng cu thng tin,

47