2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

1.

N
m

g
()

g
S

r
v

r
F
r
B

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 2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

()


mg

2.
OA AP


O A
AP OA

A

OX

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 2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

B

A
C

i
R

O
B

OB OBC i
n g sin i = n a sin r

n = n n = 1
i = i r = 90
g

sin ic =

sin 90 o
1
=
n
n

OB = R sin i = R n AP
OA A AB = OA OB = R R sin i = (1 1 n)R
c

D OD

OCD DOC
i ()
c

OD =

OC
=
cos ic

R
=
1 sin 2 ic

R
1

1
n2

nR
n2 1

P
n

PD = OD R = 2
1 R
n 1

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 2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

3.
Q V
W = PV P
T
PV = nRT PV = nRT
U U = 23 nRT
U = 23 nRT Q U
W Q = U + W
Q = 23 nRT + PV = 23 PV + PV = 52 PV
2
Q
5
U = 23 nRT = 23 PV = 23 25 Q = 53 Q
2 Q
V
T = PnR
=
5 nR

1.

2.
3.

W = PV =

4.
P( x + d x ) A

x + d x
x
P( x ) A

r ( x )gAdx

x
x x + x ( x )
x

P ( x ) A = P ( x + x ) A + ( x ) gAx

P ( x + x ) x

P( x)
x + x

P P ( x + x ) P ( x ) = ( x ) gx

x=0

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 2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

PV = nRT

P=

M 1
n 1
RT
RT =
RT =
V
V

( x ) = RT
P ( x ) ( x ) =
P ( x ) P = ( x ) gx
RT

g
P ( x )x
RT
y = () e x

P =
y = y x

P ( x ) = Ce

x
RT

C x = 0
P = P ( x = 0) = Ce
C= P

P0

x=0

g
0

RT

P ( x ) = P0e

x
RT

P( x )
P0

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 2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

5.
(Wheatstone bridge) Kirchhoff

R1

R3

i1

R2

i2

i1 - i

R4

i2 + i

Kirchhoff
i1R1 (i1 i) R3 + V = 0

(1)
(2)
(3)

i2 R2 (i2 + i) R4 + V = 0
i1R1 iR + i2 R2 = 0

(1) (2)
(3)

i1 =

V + iR3
R1 + R3

i2 =

V iR4
R2 + R4

V iR4
V + iR3
R =0
R1 iR +
R2 + R4 2
R1 + R3

R2 R3 R1R4
i=
V
R( R1 + R3 )( R2 + R4 ) + R1R3 ( R2 + R4 ) + R2 R4 ( R1 + R3 )

R2 R3 = R1R4

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 2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

6.
P

P = P0 + P1 + P2
2

= P0 + P1 = A sin
x 2f1t + A sin
x 2f 2 t
1

= P0 + A sin
x 2f1t + sin
x 2f 2 t

P = P P0
2
2

= A sin
x 2f1t + sin
x 2f 2 t

X + Y
X Y
sin X + sin Y 2 sin
cos

2
2

x= a

P = P ( a) P0
1
1
1
f f2
f + f2 1
= 2 A sina + 2 1
t
t cosa 2 1
2
2 1 2
1 2

1
1
1
f f 2 1
f + f2
= 2 A cosa 2 1
t sina + 2 1
t
2 1 2
2

1 2

f1

f2

1
1
f + f2
sina + 2 1
t ( f1 + f 2 ) 2

1
2

2 A cosa 1 1 2 f1 2 f 2 t ( f1 f 2 ) 2 ( f 2 f1) 2
2
1

f1 > f 2

f > f
""
2

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 2544 ( 2)

25 2544 9.00 - 12.00 .

DP

x 2f1t + sin
x 2f 2 t
P = A sin

"" ""
""
f f f f
f > f f > f
1

( f

+ f2 ) 2

f 2 f1

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

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