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(고등) 핵심&체크 4-1 방정식
(고등) 핵심&체크 4-1 방정식
01
4-1
2.
(1)
1. ax = b
b ( )
(1) a =
/ 0 , x =
a
(2) a = 0 , b =
/ 0 , 0x = b .
(3) a = 0 , b =0 , 0x = 0
.
2.
(1) |f( x)| = k ( k )
f( x) = 0
.
) |x - 3| = 5 x < 3 - x + 3 = 5 , x3
x- 3= 5
(2) |x - a| + |x -b| = k ( a < b , k ) x < a ,
ax < b , xb .
. .
2
ax +bx+ c= 0
x=
- b b - 4ac
2a
b 2 -4ac
b - 4ac
ax +bx+ c= 0 D .
,
2
2
ax +2b'x+ c= 0 D D/4 = b' -ac
.
(2)
ax 2 + bx+c = 0 ( a =
/ 0 , b , c )
D = b 2 -4ac> 0 .
D =b 2 -4ac= 0
.()
D = b 2 -4ac< 0 .
) |x - 2| + |x -4| = 4
x < 2 , - x + 2 - x + 4 = 4 , - 2x =- 2
x =- 1 . x < 2 .
2x < 4 , x - 2 - x + 4= 4 , 2 = 4
.
x4 , x - 2 + x - 4 = 4 , 2x = 10
x = 5 . x4 .
02
1.
(1)
b
d
( ax - b)( cx - d)= 0 x = x =
a
c
(2)
ax 2 +bx+ c= 0 ( a =
/ 0 )
2
x=
- b b -4ac
2a
3.
(1)
ax 2 +bx+ c = 0 ,
ax 2 +bx+ c= a( x - )( x - ) = 0
2
2
ax +bx+ c= ax - a( + )x + a
: + =- b , : = c
a
a
(2)
a + b p
a - b p .
(, a , b
p )
a + bi
a - bi .
(, a , b i = - 1 )
ax 2 + 2b'x+ c= 0 ( a =
/ 0 )
2
|f( x)| = k ( k )
f( x) = 0
.
4.
(1) :
, D
D0 , + > 0 , > 0
D0 , + < 0 , > 0
, D > 0 , < 0
4.
03
(1) 2 :
.
1. ,
(1)
f ( x)
f ( x)
x -
f( ) = 0
Q ( x)
f( x) = ( x - )Q ( x) .
(2)
.
(3) :
2
x = t .
2.
(1) ax +bx +cx+ d = 0 ( a =
/ 0 )
3
, ,
+ +=-
(2)
b ,
c
d
+ + = , =a
a
a
ax 3 +bx 2+cx+d = 0
a + b p
a - b p . (,
p )
(3)
a , b
3
2
ax +bx +cx+d = 0 a + bi
a - bi . (, a , b )
(2) 3 : 3
.
5.
(1) :
.
(2)
.
.
6.
(1)
()
()=() .
) xy - x - y = 9
3.
(1) x 3 = 1
.
2++ 1= 0
+ =- 1
= 1
2 =- - 1=
(2) x 3 =- 1
.
3 =-1
3- + 1 = 0
+ = 1
= 1
= - 1=-
( x - 1)( y - 1 ) = 10
( x, y) .
.
(2)
ax 4 + bx 3 + cx 2 +bx+a = 0
x 2
2
ax + bx+ c +
a x+
3=1
4-1
x+
1
x
b
a
+ 2 =0
x
x
) + b ( x + 1x ) + c - 2a = 0
1
= A .
x
01 ~02
1. .
(1) |3 - x| = 1
2. .
(1) x 2 - 3x-4 = 0
(4)
(2) 3x 2 -4x = 32
(3) 3x 2 -6x -7 = 0
1 2 1
1
x - x+ = 0
3
2
3
[] 1. (1) x = 2, 4
(3) x =- 7 , 3
3
(2) x = 3
(2) x = - 8 , 4
2. (1) x =- 1, 4
(3) x = 3 30
3
(4) x = 3 7i
4
02 (1)
1. .
(1) x 2 + 3x+1 = 0
(2) x 2 +x +1 = 0
(4) 9x 2 -6x+ 1 = 0
(5) 2x 2 -3x +4 = 0
(3) 2x 2 +2x -1 = 0
2. x 2 -3x +k = 0 .( k )
(1) k .
(2) k .
(3) k .
3. x x 2 -10x +2m+5= 0 , m
.
(1)
(2)
(3)
4. x 2 +2(a-1)x+ a 2 -10a-3 = 0 , a a
.
(1)
(2)
(3)
5. .
(1) x 2 +2mx+ 3m = 0 m .
(2) x ( k + 1)x 2 +2kx+ ( k - 2) k .
[] 1. (1)
(2)
(3)
2. (1) k 9
4
(2) k = 9
4
(3) k > 9
4
3. (1) m < 10
(2) m = 0
(3) m > 10
4. (1) a > - 1
2
(2) a =- 1
2
(3) a <- 1
2
5. (1) m = 3 x =- 3 , m = 0 x = 0
(2) -2
(4)
(5)
02 (2)
1. x 2 -2x-4 = 0 , .
(1) 2 - + 2
(2) ( - 1)( - 1)
(3) ( - ) 2
(4) 3 + 3
2. .
(1)
x 2 + ax+ b
(2)
1 + 2 a , b .
x + ax+b= 0
1 + 2 i ,
a , b .(,
i = - 1)
3. x 2 -4x+k 2- 2k= 0 , k .
(1) 4
(2) 3 : 1
4. .
(1) x 2 +4
(2) x 2 + 2x+ 2
[] 1. (1) 16
(2) - 5
2. (1) a =- 2 , b =- 1
3. (1) 0 , 2
(3) 20
(4) 32
(2) a =- 2 , b = 3
(2) - 1 , 3
(2) ( x + 1 + i)( x + 1 - i)
03 (1)
1. .
(1) x 3 - 6x 2 +11x- 6 = 0
(2) 4x 3 - 3x-1= 0
(3) x 3 - x 2 -8x+ 12 = 0
2. .
(1) x 4 - 3x 3- x+3 = 0
(2) x 4 - 8x 2- 9 = 0
[] 1. (1) x = 1 , x = 2 , x = 3
2. (1) x = 1, 3 , x = - 1 3 i
(2) x = - 1 , x = 1
(3) x = - 2 , x = 2
(2) x =1, 3 , x = - 1 3i
03 (2)
1. .
(1) x 3 - 4x 2+ x+k = 0 - 1 k .
(2) x 3 +3x 2+ ax- 6= 0 - 3 a .
(3) x 3 -x 2 +ax-1 = 0 - 1 a .
2. .
(1) x 3 -x 2 +ax+b = 0 1 + i a , b .
(2) x 3 +x 2 +ax-b = 0 2 + i a , b .
3. x 3 = 1 .
(1) + 2 + 3
(2) ( 1 + )( 1 + 2 )
(3) 2012 +
2012
4. x 3 + 1= 0 .
(2) + 1
(1) 2 - + 1
[] 1. (1) k = 6
(2) a =- 2 x = 2 (3) a =- 3 , x =1 2
2. (1) a = 0 , b = 2
(2) a =- 5 , b = - 25
3. (1) 0
(2) 1
4. (1) 0
(2) 1
(3) - 1
03 (3)
1. .
(1)
2x + y + 3z = 10
3x + 5y + 4z =0
x - 2y + 2 = 14
(2)
x - y + 2z = 4
2x + y - z = 1
3x - y + 3z = 9
x+y= 2
y+z= 4
z+x= 6
(3)
(3)
y =3
{ xx -xy+
-7xy +4y =- 6
2. .
(1)
{ xx ++yy==7 25
2
(2)
[] 1. (1) x = 4 , y =- 4 , z =2
2. (1) ( 3, 4 ) , ( 4, 3)
(2) x = 0 , y = 6 , z =5
(3) x = 2 , y = 0 , z = 4