4

01

4-1

2.
(1)

1. ax = b
b ( )
(1) a =
/ 0 , x =
a

(2) a = 0 , b =
/ 0 , 0x = b .
(3) a = 0 , b =0 , 0x = 0
.
2.
(1) |f( x)| = k ( k )
f( x) = 0
.

) |x - 3| = 5 x < 3 - x + 3 = 5 , x3
x- 3= 5
(2) |x - a| + |x -b| = k ( a < b , k ) x < a ,
ax < b , xb .
. .

2
ax +bx+ c= 0

x=

- b b - 4ac
2a

b 2 -4ac

b - 4ac

ax +bx+ c= 0 D .
,
2
2
ax +2b'x+ c= 0 D D/4 = b' -ac
.
(2)

ax 2 + bx+c = 0 ( a =
/ 0 , b , c )

D = b 2 -4ac> 0 .
D =b 2 -4ac= 0
.()
D = b 2 -4ac< 0 .

) |x - 2| + |x -4| = 4
x < 2 , - x + 2 - x + 4 = 4 , - 2x =- 2

x =- 1 . x < 2 .
2x < 4 , x - 2 - x + 4= 4 , 2 = 4
.
x4 , x - 2 + x - 4 = 4 , 2x = 10

x = 5 . x4 .

02
1.
(1)
b
d
( ax - b)( cx - d)= 0 x = x =
a
c
(2)

ax 2 +bx+ c= 0 ( a =
/ 0 )
2

x=

- b b -4ac
2a

3.
(1)
ax 2 +bx+ c = 0 ,
ax 2 +bx+ c= a( x - )( x - ) = 0
2
2
ax +bx+ c= ax - a( + )x + a

: + =- b , : = c
a
a
(2)
a + b p
a - b p .
(, a , b

p )

a + bi
a - bi .
(, a , b i = - 1 )

ax 2 + 2b'x+ c= 0 ( a =
/ 0 )
2

- b' b' -ac

a
(3)
x=

|f( x)| = k ( k )

f( x) = 0
.

4.
(1) :
, D
D0 , + > 0 , > 0
D0 , + < 0 , > 0
, D > 0 , < 0

4.

03

(1) 2 :
.

1. ,
(1)

f ( x)

f ( x)

x -

f( ) = 0

Q ( x)

f( x) = ( x - )Q ( x) .
(2)
.

( x + a)( x + b )( x + c)( x +d) + e = 0

.
4
2
ax + bx +c = 0 ( a =
/ 0 )

(3) :

2
x = t .

2.
(1) ax +bx +cx+ d = 0 ( a =
/ 0 )
3

, ,
+ +=-

(2)

b ,
c
d
+ + = , =a
a
a

ax 3 +bx 2+cx+d = 0

a + b p

a - b p . (,

p )
(3)

a , b

3
2
ax +bx +cx+d = 0 a + bi

a - bi . (, a , b )

(2) 3 : 3
.

5.
(1) :
.
(2)

.

.

6.
(1)

()
()=() .
) xy - x - y = 9

3.
(1) x 3 = 1
.
2++ 1= 0

+ =- 1

= 1

2 =- - 1=
(2) x 3 =- 1
.
3 =-1

3- + 1 = 0

+ = 1

= 1

= - 1=-

( x - 1)( y - 1 ) = 10

( x, y) .

.
(2)

ax 4 + bx 3 + cx 2 +bx+a = 0

x 2
2

ax + bx+ c +

a x+

3=1

4-1

x+

1
x

b
a
+ 2 =0
x
x

) + b ( x + 1x ) + c - 2a = 0

1
= A .
x

01 ~02
1. .
(1) |3 - x| = 1

(2) |x - 2| -|4 -x| = 0

(3) |2x - 1| + |3x + 2| = x + 13

2. .
(1) x 2 - 3x-4 = 0
(4)

(2) 3x 2 -4x = 32

(3) 3x 2 -6x -7 = 0

1 2 1
1
x - x+ = 0
3
2
3

[] 1. (1) x = 2, 4

(3) x =- 7 , 3
3

(2) x = 3

(2) x = - 8 , 4

2. (1) x =- 1, 4

(3) x = 3 30
3

(4) x = 3 7i
4

02 (1)
1. .
(1) x 2 + 3x+1 = 0

(2) x 2 +x +1 = 0

(4) 9x 2 -6x+ 1 = 0

(5) 2x 2 -3x +4 = 0

(3) 2x 2 +2x -1 = 0

2. x 2 -3x +k = 0 .( k )
(1) k .
(2) k .
(3) k .
3. x x 2 -10x +2m+5= 0 , m
.
(1)
(2)
(3)
4. x 2 +2(a-1)x+ a 2 -10a-3 = 0 , a a
.
(1)
(2)
(3)
5. .
(1) x 2 +2mx+ 3m = 0 m .
(2) x ( k + 1)x 2 +2kx+ ( k - 2) k .

[] 1. (1)

(2)

(3)

2. (1) k 9
4

(2) k = 9
4

(3) k > 9
4

3. (1) m < 10

(2) m = 0

(3) m > 10

4. (1) a > - 1
2

(2) a =- 1
2

(3) a <- 1
2

5. (1) m = 3 x =- 3 , m = 0 x = 0

(2) -2

(4)

(5)

02 (2)
1. x 2 -2x-4 = 0 , .
(1) 2 - + 2

(2) ( - 1)( - 1)

(3) ( - ) 2

(4) 3 + 3

2. .
(1)

x 2 + ax+ b

(2)

1 + 2 a , b .

x + ax+b= 0

1 + 2 i ,

a , b .(,

i = - 1)

3. x 2 -4x+k 2- 2k= 0 , k .
(1) 4

(2) 3 : 1

4. .
(1) x 2 +4

(2) x 2 + 2x+ 2

[] 1. (1) 16

(2) - 5

2. (1) a =- 2 , b =- 1
3. (1) 0 , 2

(3) 20

(4) 32

(2) a =- 2 , b = 3

(2) - 1 , 3

4. (1) ( x + 2i)( x - 2i)

(2) ( x + 1 + i)( x + 1 - i)

03 (1)
1. .
(1) x 3 - 6x 2 +11x- 6 = 0

(2) 4x 3 - 3x-1= 0

(3) x 3 - x 2 -8x+ 12 = 0

2. .
(1) x 4 - 3x 3- x+3 = 0

(2) x 4 - 8x 2- 9 = 0

[] 1. (1) x = 1 , x = 2 , x = 3
2. (1) x = 1, 3 , x = - 1 3 i

(3) ( x 2 + 5x) 2- 2(x 2 +5x)- 24 = 0

(2) x = - 1 , x = 1

(3) x = - 2 , x = 2

(2) x =1, 3 , x = - 1 3i

(3) x =- 6,- 4,-1, 1

03 (2)
1. .
(1) x 3 - 4x 2+ x+k = 0 - 1 k .
(2) x 3 +3x 2+ ax- 6= 0 - 3 a .
(3) x 3 -x 2 +ax-1 = 0 - 1 a .
2. .
(1) x 3 -x 2 +ax+b = 0 1 + i a , b .
(2) x 3 +x 2 +ax-b = 0 2 + i a , b .
3. x 3 = 1 .
(1) + 2 + 3

(2) ( 1 + )( 1 + 2 )

(3) 2012 +

2012

4. x 3 + 1= 0 .
(2) + 1

(1) 2 - + 1

[] 1. (1) k = 6

(2) a =- 2 x = 2 (3) a =- 3 , x =1 2

2. (1) a = 0 , b = 2

(2) a =- 5 , b = - 25

3. (1) 0

(2) 1

4. (1) 0

(2) 1

(3) - 1

03 (3)
1. .
(1)

2x + y + 3z = 10
3x + 5y + 4z =0
x - 2y + 2 = 14

(2)

x - y + 2z = 4
2x + y - z = 1
3x - y + 3z = 9

x+y= 2
y+z= 4
z+x= 6

(3)

(3)

y =3
{ xx -xy+
-7xy +4y =- 6

2. .
(1)

{ xx ++yy==7 25
2

(2)

[] 1. (1) x = 4 , y =- 4 , z =2
2. (1) ( 3, 4 ) , ( 4, 3)

{ 6x4x -+ xyxy -- 2y4y == 014

(2) x = 0 , y = 6 , z =5

(3) x = 2 , y = 0 , z = 4

(2) ( i,- 2i) , ( - i,- 2i) , ( 2i, 3i) , ( - 2i,- 3i)

(3) ( 3, 3) , ( - 3,- 3) , ( 2, 1 ) , ( - 2,- 1)