Chemistry 1A03

Electrons and Atoms

c=v

Periodic Table and Atomic

Properties

K <Q ; reverse
K Net =K 1 K 2

E=hv

E=
h=6.6256 10

34

Js

Acids and Bases

OH
group

FC= ( ) ( of nonbonding electrons )( of bonds)

+
total

total charges on atoms

avg FC =
of
atoms

K w =

RH
n2

Lyman ( n=1 )

total
avg bond order= of one type of bond

Balmer ( n=2 )
Bracket ( n=4 )

E=Ef Ei =R H

'

make the factor the K s power

Chemical Bonding

h
h
=
mu p

E n=

multiplying a chemical equation by a factor ,

r2

Z eff =Z S

Eincident light=Ethreshold + E K
=

K Qnucleus

Energy bond order

1 1

n 2f n2i

1
bond length

Chemical Equilibrium
K >Q ; forward

of places where
+ bond is found

pH=log
pK w = pH + pOH= pK a+ pK b =14.0
K w =K b K a

Property of Umair Majid

2012-12-04

Chemistry 1A03

+ , bases produce OH
Arrhenius :acid produce H
Bronsted :acid donates proton ,base accepts
Lewis :acid accepts electron pair , base donates

+
3O

ioniz ation=

Lab 4 half cel with lower concentrationis cathode

q p =q v whenW =0

Thermochemistry

H= U + PV = U + n gases RT

q=mC T

q rxn=qsurroundings =qcalorimeter
n H x =q

H p=q p ; T P constant
H rxn= v H f ( products ) v H f ( reactants )

W =Pext V = ngases RT

H rxn= BE ( reactants ) BE( products)

Entropy

U =q+W ;
S=

Electrochemistry
anode|oxidized||reduced| cathode

entering ( W >O , q> 0 )

exiting (W <0, q<0 )

E =E

S =

H
87 J
; S
T
Kmol

ox

U system + U surroundings= U universe =0

Ecell =Eox + E
U system = U surroundings
Ecell =

q reversible H rev
=
T
T

RT
lnK
zF

Srxn= v S f ( products ) v S f ( reactants )

Suniverse = S system

H system
T

U =q v ; constant volume
G=0@ equilibrium

RT
Ecell =E
lnQ
zF

cell

U =q p +W =q pP V ;
G=T S universe = H system T Ssystem
Property of Umair Majid
2012-12-04

Chemistry 1A03

Grxn= v Gf ( products ) v Gf ( reactants ) Ecell > 0

G=zF Ecell can be standard

K >0

Non-Spontaneous

G =RTlnK

G > 0
G= G+ RTlnQ

Ecell < 0

Spontaneous
G < 0

K <0

Property of Umair Majid

2012-12-04