1.

Gii thiu v kim th phn mm

Hn ch: Phng sai, bt thng, c vn , sai
lm, s c, li
Tm thy li? Chi ph ca cc khim khuyt c th l
rt cao
Kim th phn mm l g? chng minh phn mm c
khim khuyt, code chng trnh, sn phm con.
Mc tiu: tm thy li trong phn mm cng sm cng
tt v m bo rng cc li phi c sa.
Test Case, Bo co li.
Lm mt chuyn vin kim th phn mm tt

2. Xem xt
Th loi: Xem xt v pha gio dc, Xem xt chun b, Xem
xt ngang hng (kim tra chnh quy nht , Xem xt theo
nhm, Walkthrough, Xem xt ngang hng, Ad Hoc t chnh
quy nht), Xem xt trng thi.
Kim tra: quy tc nghim ngt, Vai tr (Moderator, Reader,
ghi m, thanh tra, tc gi), quy tc, Workflow (K hoch,
Tng quan cuc hp, chun b, Hi ngh, Rework, Theo di,
phn tch!)
Xem xt loi s dng: SRS, thit k cao cp, thit k v
m quan trng mc thp.
nh gi cp cao ca Thng s k thut
nh gi thp ca Thng s k thut
Tiu chun v Hng dn

3.K thut kim tra hp en (b qua cc c ch ni

b)
Ranh gii th nghim: la chn cc trng hp th nghim
ti "cnh" ca lp
Kim tra lp tng ng: phn chia lnh vc u vo ca
mt chng trnh vo cc lp d liu (hp l, khng hp
l), xc nh cc lp tng ng, kim tra trng hp.
Bng quyt nh: iu kin s khai, iu kin nhp, hot
ng s khai, hot ng nhp (hn ch nhp, m rng
nhp)
on li : kinh nghim v trc gic, c im k thut (h
thng chc nng, u vo, u ra, qu trnh)

4. K thut kim tra Hp trng(c tnh n c ch ni b)

Kim tra c s ng dn: biu dng chy, cycloramic phc
tp, c s ng dn
Kim tra phn nhnh: ng v sai ngnh, iu kin n gin mt
khi t nht
Kim tra vng: Vng lp n gin, vng lp lng nhau (mt vng
lp trong vng lp khc), ni vng (mt vng lp sau khi vng lp
khc), vng lp khng c cu trc (phc tp lng nhau v ni
vng).
Tiu chun v bao ph : iu khin dng chy (bo co bao ph,
quyt inh bao phiu kin bao ph, quyt nh/iu kin bao ph
v a quyt nh bao ph), dng chy d liu.

5.Kim th (hiu sut t c mc tiu d kin)

Hiu sut: Thi gian p ng, thng qua.
Kim tra cng thng: xem sau ny trong vng i th
nghim hiu sut
Kim th vng i
K hoch th nghim thao tc (quan trng nht): To mi
trng th nghim hiu sut, Xc nh mc tiu hiu
sut, s liu quan trng theo di v phn tch.
To kch bn v th nghim ng x (To kch bn th
nghim hiu sut, cu hnh Performance Monitor)
Phn tch kt qu v h thng Tune: phn tch kt qu,
iu chnh h thng, xc nhn sa i, bo co.

6.Cu hnh kim th v th nghim kh nng

tng thch
Cu hnh kim tra: kim tra hot ng ca cc phn mm
th nghim vi tt c cc loi khc nhau ca phn cng.
Ti sao: phn mm khc nhau c th buc cc vng cu
hnh khc nhau.
Kim tra kh nng tng thch: phn mm tng tc v
chia s thng tin mt cch chnh xc vi cc phn mm
khc. Ti sao: Cc phn mm c th tng tc vi nhau
(tht bi, tt nhin, chc nng)
Cc bc ca hai qu trnh th nghim : Xc nh cn
thit phn cng / phn mm, thit k trng hp th
nghim, chy trng hp th nghim, sa li v kim tra
sa i, b sung, bo co kt qu.

7.Kh nng s dng kim th v kim tra an ninh

Kh nng s dng (c hiu, hc hi v iu hnh bi
ngi s dng cui cng): ci t, chc nng kh nng
s dng, giao din ngi dng, tr l thng tin.
Kim tra an ninh: bo m cc chin lc bo mt c
xy dng trong h thng hot ng mt cch chnh xc,
chin lc an ninh: Chng thc ngi dng, m ha,
chin lc bo v an ninh, sao lu d liu v tip tc,
chin lc dit virus

8. Kim th ton b v Kim tra ti liu

Kim th ton b : kim tra phn mm c th lm vic mt
cch chnh xc trong mc tiu. Ti sao: lm cho tinh thn
kinh doanh tt thit k v th nghim.
Cc vn : dch, khoanh vng, cu hnh v kh nng
tng thch.
Cc bc: Ton cu ha (Chun b, thit k, tin hnh
kim tra, sa li, bo co), s hn ch, khoanh vng.
Ti liu th nghim: xc minh tnh chnh xc ca cc ti
liu phn mm
Ngi s dng ti liu hng dn, pht trin ti liu, c
bao bc bi cc ti liu hng dn nn c
Th nghim.
Kim tra hng dn s dng

9. K tht kim th ph bin

Kim tra trng thi: da trn mt s trng thi, xc
nh cc trng hp th nghim
Kim tra c s xc nh lp: danh sch cc iu kin
ng gp, mu test case, iu kin loi b.
Kt hp kim tra: kim tra hai hay nhiu bin cng mt
lc
Kim tra thm d: suy ngh v th nghim
Hi quy kim tra: kim tra cc kim khuyt c nh v
khng c cc khim khuyt mi c thm
Smoke Testing
Alpha Testing: ngi s dng
Beta Th nghim:
Nghim thu: ngi s dng, khch hng

10. Web Testing: vn bn v ha phc tp nh

hng chc ngn dng code
Lm th no kim tra: kim tra pha khch hng (thng tin,
tnh hoc ng), th nghim Server-side (hiu sut v an
ninh).
S dng phng php hp en: Kim tra cc vn bn, siu
lin kt, cc ha, cc hnh thc.
S dng phng php hp xm: kim tra cc phn mm
nh l hp en, nhng c th b sung cng vic.
S dng phng php hp trng: Ni dung ng (Clientside, Sever-side), d liu iu khin, lp trnh to ra cc
trang web, p dng cc k thut kim tra hp trng.
Cng c

11.Quy trnh th nghim v pht trin phn mm

Qu trnh pht trin phn mm: Yu cu, thit k, thc hin,
kim tra.
Cc m hnh: Waterfall, V-Model, Spiral, Rational Unified
Process.
Chi ph ca mt khim khuyt: chi ph sa cha cc khim
khuyt tng t s tng ln gp mi ln
Kim tra hot ng: Xy dng k hoch kim tra, xy dng
mi trng th nghim, Tin hnh kim tra v bo co cc
li, n v kim tra hi quy, Xy dng bo co kim tra n
v.
Hin vt th nghim: th nghim chin lc, k hoch th
nghim, thit k, trng hp trc nghim, quy trnh, bo
co, bo co li.

Nghim thu

Yu cu
Khch hng
Pht trin

ests

Thc hin
cc modul

Kim tra
tng thch

Kim tra n v

s
test

te t
Wri

Thit k chi tit

Kim th
h thng

Run

Thit k
kin trc

Chc nng
(BB)
Cu trc
(WB)

13

Subsystem
Code
Subsystem
Code

Kim tra
n v

Kim tra

Tested
Subsystem

Ti liu
thit k h thng

Requirements
Yu cu
ti liu phn tch
Analysis
Document

n v

Tested
Subsystem

Kim tra

Kim tra

tng thch

Chc nng

Functioning
System

Integrated
Subsystems
TestedSubsystem

Subsystem
Code

User
Manual

Kim tra
n v

Alltestsbydeveloper
Alltestsbydeveloper
14

Hiu yu cu khch hng

Yu cu ton cu ha

H thng
chc nng

Xc nhn
H thng

Kim tra hiu sut

Mi trng s dng

H thng
chp nhn
Kim tra
chp nhn

Kim tra ci t

Usable
System

Kim
Kimtra
trabi
bikhch
khchhng
hng
Kim
Kimtra
trabi
binh
nhpht
phttrin
trin
S hiu bit ca ngi dng
H thng
khi s dng
Kim
Kimtra
trabi
bingi
ngidng
dng
15

12.Bo co kim tra n v (th nghim ca cc n

v phn mm c nhn hoc nhm cc n v c lin
quan)
Cc hot ng:
K hoch Kim tra n v
n v thit k trng hp th nghim (Xc nh, kim tra
cc hng mc: giao din, cu trc d liu, cu trc logic, x
l li)
Xy dng Mi trng kim tra n v: Phn cng v phn
mm, n v, Driver, Stub.
Thc hin: tng bc
Kim tra M Vng ph sng
Bo co kim tra n v
n v thi cng c: JUnit, IBM Rational Purify v
Purecoverage.

13.Tch hp kim th: kt hp v th nghim nh gi s

tng tc
Tch hp kim tra cc hot ng: K hoch, thit k trng hp
th nghim, Thc hin, Xy dng, Thc hin, Kim tra, nh gi
Tch hp kim tra chin lc
Chc nng phn hy:
Tng th: kim tra cc n v cng mt lc, khng phi l tt
nht
T trn xung: Su u tin, Chiu rng u. Bt u vi mc
cao nht thng qua cc cp thp hn.
T di ln: bt u vi mc thp nht
Tch hp xen gia: la chn cy con hon chnh gim s
lng pht trin ca cc trnh iu khin v khai
Tch hp cc MM-Path c s: thc hin chui cc phng
php lin kt

14.Kim th h thng
Chc nng, khng chc nng.
Hot ng: K hoch, thit k trng hp th nghim, xy
dng mi trng kim th h thng, thc hin, bo co
Cng c kim tra, sn phm kim th
QTP
Load Runner
Kim th chc nng: Rational Functional Tester l mt cng
c kim tra t ng chc nng v hi quy kim tra
Java, ...

5. Qun l li
Li theo di qu trnh: t chc khc nhau c h thng theo di
li khc nhau
Li quy trnh: d tho, mi, m, cn thm thng tin, c nh,
gim, ng ca v thu thu nhp hon li.
Li pht trin: cu trc, bo co tt
khim khuyt (ng, r rng, ngn gn, Ton b, nht qun)
Qun l li h thng: m bo cc khim khuyt c bo
co, c nh, lu li, phn tch mt cch chnh xc, mt cch
kp thi. N c 2 loi (External, Internal), tnh nng (c bn,
nng cao), nh chc trch (cng cng, t nhn), x l gi ,
ni quy.
S liu li: S khim khuyt tm thy trong kim tra, DRE,
hng, st , s liu hiu qu thc thi

16.Qun l Test
S t chc v con ngi: (2 Danh mc) Stovepipe Team
(nh), Team Stovepipe (ln), nhm tp trung, IV & V Team
(nghim thu, ph bnh), SMT Group (trung tm trung tm)
Mi quan h vi lp trnh vin
Qun l cu hnh: Xc nh cc mc cu hnh (tn, cc
file, lch ...), kim sot thay i, bo co tnh trng cu
hnh, kim tra cu hnh
Qun l ri ro: phn tch (nguy c xc nh, c lng ri
ro v nh gi ri ro), qun l (ri ro k hoch, kim sot
ri ro, gim st ri ro, hng dn ri ro v nguy c ngun
nhn lc)
S liu: phng php tiu chun o lng. C bn s
liu, ngun gc s liu. C bn cc mt hng. S liu th
nghim hiu qu (s liu v hi lng ca khch hng,
s liu li, s liu bao ph)
Ci tin qui trnh: 8 bc